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TLE – Technology and Livelihood Education- Grade 7/8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 1: Select and Use Farm Tools and Equipment
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency
or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for
profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment
of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Inilathala ng Kagawaran ng Edukasyon, Sangay ng Palawan

Pansangay na Tagapamanihala ng mga Paaralan:
Natividad P. Bayubay, CESO VI
Pangalawang Pansangay na Tagapamanihala ng mga Paaralan:
Loida Palay- Adornado, Ph.D.
Felix M. Famaran

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Elma C. Palen
Editors: Elizabeth E. Mallari
Reviewers:
Illustrator: Lucy P. Santiago
Layout Artist: Elma C. Palen
Management Team: Aurelia B. Marquez
Rodgie S. Demalinao
Clemencia G. Paduga
Elizabeth E. Mallari

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Kagawaran ng Edukasyon – MIMAROPA Region – Sangay ng Palawan
Office Address: PEO Road, Barangay Bancao-Bancao, Puerto Princesa City
Telephone (048) 433-6392
E-mail Address: palawan@deped.gov.ph
Website: www.depedpalawan.com

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the TLE- Agri – Fishery Arts (Crop Production 7/8) Alternative Delivery
Mode (ADM) Module –Select and Use Farm Tools and Equipment

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from
public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners
meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social,
and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire
the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and
circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do
the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the TLE- Agri - Fishery Arts (Crop Production) 7/8 Alternative Delivery
Mode (ADM) Module on Select and Use Farm Tools and Equipment

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn
in the module.

iv
 What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you

link the current lesson with the previous
one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as
a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion

of the lesson. This aims to help you
discover and understand new concepts
and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding
and skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the
lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which

will help you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real life situations
or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be

given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in

the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

v
 References This is a list of all sources used in
developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to select and use
farm tools and equipment.

Unit of Competency: USE OF FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT AND

MAINTENANCE (UT) TLE_912UT-0a-1

Nominal Duration: 5 days

Modules Lesson: USE OF FARM TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT AND

MAINTENANCE (UT)

Learning Outcomes: Upon completion of this module, you are expected to:

LO 1. Select and use farm tools and equipment

1.1. Identify farm tools and equipment according to use

1.2.Conduct pre-operation check-up in line the manufacturer’s manual

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 1.3.Use appropriate tools and equipment for the job requirement according to
manufacturer’s specifications and instructions

Take this test and find out how much you know about the lesson.

What I Know

A. Identification. Identify the following tools and equipment being used in agricultural
crop production. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

1. 6.

2. 7.

3. 8.

4. 9.

5. 10.

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 Lesson Identify Farm Tools and
Equipment According to
1.1 Use

Are you familiar with the garden tools used in weeding, planting and cultivating
plants?
The process of raising plants can be achieved by using the appropriate hand tools
and equipment. A small garden can be handled/managed with just few tools but it is
recommended to have a a collection of tools and equipment for efficiency in your crop plant
production.
In this lesson, we will focus on the use of appropriate tools and equipment in crop
production.

What’s In
1. What garden tools are available in your home?
2. List down and give its functions.

What’s New
Activity 1. Read and Study.

Achieve - to obtain through effort

Pulverize – to reduce to fine particles
Weeding – removing weeds in the soil
Transplanting – planting seedlings from the seed boxes to the
garden plots or field
Shallow – lacking significant physical health
Lengthen – to make longer
Farm tools – are instrument we use in the farm to aid us in farm
work, thereby making it easy.
Hand tools – is any tool that is powered by hand rather than a motor
Farm equipment – is any kind of machinery used on a farm to help
with farming
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 What is It
FARM TOOLS FOR GROWING VEGETABLE CROP

A. Tools used in clearing the land for planting

Bolo – used for cutting grass, uprooting weeds

and chopping branches of trees

Axe – used to cut trees and shrubs

Pick Axe – used to break up soil crusts,

cultivate and uproot root stocks

Sickle – used to cut talahib, cogon and touch

me not weeds

B. Tools for digging and pulverizing soil

Crow bar – used for deep digging in hard soil

Heavy Hoe – used in pulverizing the soil

Shovel – used for shoveling loose materials,

removing trash and moving soil from one place
to another

Spade – used to used for digging and breaking

soil and for removing trash or soil in the canal

C. Tools and equipment for cultivating the soil and for scraping grass

Hand Fork – used for cultivating and weeding for

backyard gardening

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 Hand Grass Scraper – used in pulverizing the soil

Trowel – used for loosening soil around the plant

and applying fertilizer or manure in the soil

Rake – used for cleaning the ground and leveling the

topsoil

D. Equipment used for measuring

Meter stick – used to measure the appropriate

depth of planting seeds

Cord or string – used to measure and mark the

distance at which seeds should be planted

E. Equipment for watering plants

Water hose – used to water plants in bigger area

and far from source of water

Water pail – used to bring water to the row of

garden plots

Sprinkler – used to water the seedlings in the

seedboxes.

F. Equipment used for loading and transporting garden materials

Wheel barrow - used for hauling trash, manure,
fertilizer and harvested crops

Wooden box - used to haul seedlings for

transplanting

G. Miscellaneous tools and equipment

Hammer - used to make and repair seed boxes

Pliers - used to repair other tools

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 Sieve - used in shifting the soil medium

Balance - used to weigh the right amount of

fertilizer to be applied to the plants

FARM IMPLEMENTS

Plows - a large farming with blades that digs the

soil in fields so that seeds can be planted
Harrow – a large piece of equipment that is pull
behind a tractor (a farm vehicle) to break the earth
into small pieces ready for planting

Rotavator - a machine with rotating blades for

breaking up or tilling the soil

FARM EQUIPMENT

Common Equipment in Land Preparation

Hand Tractor - is used to pull a plow and

harrow in preparing a large area of land.

Four Wheel Tractor – is used to pull disc plow

and disc harrow in preparing much bigger area
of land.

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 Common Equipment in Irrigating the Farm

Water Pump – is used to draw irrigation water

from a source.

What’s More
Direction: Draw sample picture of farm tools, implements and equipment. Provide
a summary which presents the tools, implements & equipment according to its
classification. A sample guide is provided for you.

Name of Farm Tools Classification Use

Tools used in clearing the Used for cutting grass,
land for planting uprooting weeds,
chopping branches of
trees

A. Tools in clearing the land for planting. Draw at least two (2) pictures.
Name of Farm Tools Classification Use

B. Tools for digging and pulverizing the soil. Draw at least two (2) pictures.
Name of Farm Tools Classification Use

C. Tools and equipment for cultivating the soil for scraping grass. Draw at least
three (3) pictures.
Name of Farm Tools Classification Use

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 Congratulations for a job well
done! You may now proceed to the
next activity.

What I Have Learned

Open Ended Question. Complete the statement below.

Before, I thought that using farm tools

___________________________________________________________________.
Now, I have learned that using tools are
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.

What I Can Do
DEMONSTRATING THE USE OF FARM TOOLS

Farm Tools:
• Land preparation tools
• Watering tools

Instructions:

As a learner, you are expected to perform the given tasks:

A. Make a list of farm tools used in

• Land preparation
• Watering

A.1. Write the function of each tool.

A.2. Compile the listings in one folder for submission.
B.1. Identify the tools in land preparation and select one tool and demonstrate its
use.
B.2. Identify the tools in watering plant and select one tool and demonstrate its use.

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 While performing the activity, you are required to document your performance
(take pictures or video). Your performance will be graded/ assessed based on this rubric.

Score
Criteria 20 15 10 5
List of tools are completed
Function of tools are correctly stated
Appropriate farm tools are identified and
selected according to use
Farm tool checked for faults and defective
are reported in accordance with farm
procedures
Appropriate tools are safely used
according to job requirements and
manufacturers’ conditions
Use of tools was properly demonstrated

Interpretation of Scores:
16 – 20 - Excellent output
11 – 15 - Very good
6 – 10 - Fair output
5 and below - Poor output

Assessment
A. Multiple Choice.

Directions: Read the questions carefully and select the best answer. Write your answer
in your activity notebook.
1. Which of the following is an example of tools in cleaning the land?
a. Axe c. Light hoe
b. Crowbar d. Trowel
2. Which tool does not belong to the group?
a. Bolo c. Spade
b. Shovel d. Spading Fork
3. Which of the following tools is used to transplant seedling to seed boxes?
a. Transplanting trowel c. Shovel
b. Trowel d. Spade
4. What tool is used to bring water to the row of garden plots.
a. Sprinkler c. Water pail
b. Water hose d. Watering can
5. Which among the miscellaneous tools and equipment is used to repair other tools?
a. Balance c. Pliers
b. Hammer d. Sieve

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 B. Matching Type. Directions: Match the pictures in Column A with the description in
Column B. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

____1. a. a machine with rotating blades for

breaking up or tilling the soil

___ 2. b. a large piece of equipment that is pull

behind a tractor (a farm vehicle)
break the earth into small pieces ready
planting

____3. c. a large farming with blades that digs

the soil in fields so that seeds can be planted

Additional Activities
Directions: Make a list of different farm tools, implements & equipment that may be
found in your home. Identify the function of each and determine whether or not this
can be used in health environment.

Can it be used in health

Name of Tools / Function environment?
Implement / Equipment (Yes / No)

Congratulations! You did a great

job! Good luck as you move on to
the next lesson.

9
 Take this test and find out how much you know about the lesson.

What I Know

Directions: Read and analyze the statement. Write T if the statement is correct and write
F if it is incorrect.
1. Tools that are used frequently for cutting like bolo, axe, and sickle must be
sharpened regularly.
2. In case some parts are broken or destroyed, they should not be repaired
immediately.
3. Tools that have iron parts should be oiled or painted with rust proof paint.
4. After using the tools, they should not be cleaned before returning to the tool rack.
5. The tools when not in use must be kept in a tool rack.

Lesson Conduct Pre-operation

Check-up in line with the
1.2 Manufacturer’s Manual
Are you conducting the pre-operation check-up in any available tools, implements
and equipment in your house? It is required to conduct a pre-operation check-up before
using tools, implements & equipment to ensure our safety.
In this lesson, we will focus on the use of appropriate tools and equipment in crop
production including the pre-operation check-up in line with the manufacturer’s manual.

What’s In
Answer the following questions:

1. What are the tools used in clearing the land? Give the specific uses of
the tools.

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 What’s New

Activity 1. Read and Study.

Durable – able to last and be used for a long time without becoming
damaged.
Preventive – preventing or slowing the course of an illness or disease.
Lubricate – to use a substance such as oil to make a machine operate more
easily, or to prevent something sticking or rubbing.
Manual – is a book which tells you how to do something or how a piece of
machinery work.
Machineries – a machine or (mechanical device) is a mechanical structure
that uses the power to apply forces and control movements to
perform an intended action.

What is It
PRE-OPERATIVE CHECK-UP OF FARM TOOLS, IMPLEMENTS AND EQUIPMENT

Farm tools and equipment helps to make farm work easier and effective. They are
designed to perform a specific function. The design and shape of the tools and equipment
should be given proper attention if they are to do their function for which they are made.

CARE OF GARDEN TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

1. Sharpen tools before and after use.
When you sharpen tools, it reduces the amount of force you need to apply
to accomplish the task. Blunt tools may break when being used.
2. Oil or grease metal parts
This will prevent rust of metal parts of tools and equipment.
Lubricating/oiling the movable parts makes the tools easy to work with. It also
increases the efficiency of the tool and equipment.
3. Wooden handles should be strong
Make sure tools with wooden handles are strong and durable. If there is any
defect, replace them.
4. Hang your garden tools
Keep your tools hanged, leaving them on the floor can cause rust as they
may in contact with moisture. Living the tools in the floor may cause also injury to
person or persons stepping on them or it may be broken or deformed once stepped
on causing them to be unsuitable for work.
5. Store tools in their original cases
Some tools and equipment come in their special cases to keep them
protected for damage. Make sure to clean and keep them in their original cases.

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 6. Dry tools after use
After using tools or equipment, make sure they are cleaned and dried before
packing or hanging them to prevent rusting.

CARE OF FARM IMPLEMENTS

Farm implements, like ordinary plow and wooden harrow, should be checked
thoroughly before use.
The following are pointers in checking farm implements:
1. Loosened bolts and nuts should be tightened firmly.
2. Disc plow and harrow should be lubricated on their moving parts like bearings.

FARM MACHINERIES PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE TIPS

Regular upkeep of farms machineries and equipment can make a big difference. A
quick check in before you start work can save you money not to mention the time and
energy needed for a big repair. Here are some few ideas that can help you to spot small
problems or big ones.
1. Read the owner’s manual
Know about your equipment.
2. Reduce wear and tear
Lubricating chairs and cables according to the manufacturer’s
direction is another way to extend your equipment’s life span.
3. Pressure wash after use
Mud caking up on the inside of wheel is more than a mess. It can
increase rust and erode enamel coating on your rims. So take a few minutes
to rinse off your equipment particularly tractor.
4. Order spare parts now
If you know that certain parts will need to be replaced, order those
parts now. Having these items on hand when you need them can mean
you’ve cut out the time spent waiting for delivery.

PRE-OPERATIVE CHECK UP FOR TRACTORS

New and experience growers alike may often overtook the importance of regular
equipment check up during the heat of the season.

Before starting the tractor, go through the following checklist items:

1. Fuel level
Make sure you have sufficient fuel in the tank.
2. Check your battery
Make sure that the battery terminals are not corroded.
3. Check your tires air pressure and make sure that the nuts are tight. If you
notice you have low tire pressure, look for air leakage from around the valve
stem.
4. Loose on defective parts
Take time to really examine the tractor to look for loose or defective parts
such as frayed or worn fan belt. Replace, tighten or make necessary repairs
before heading out to the field.

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 5. SMU emblem
If your SMU emblem is faded or distorted in color or shape, it is time to
replace it with a new SMU to increase your visibility to others.
6. Fluid leak
Look for any fluid leaks on the ground beneath the tractor. Also check
fluid levels for coolant, engine oil and hydraulic oil levels as well. You can do
some very serious damage to your tractor if you run out of these fluid.
7. Operators platform area
You may spend much of your day on the operator plat form, so check the
steps to make sure you can get safely on and off the tractor. Examine the area
around the seat to make sure it is clear of debris or tools that could cause you
to tip. You should have a ROPS on your tractor, so always make sure your
seatbelt is operable & that you buckle it.
8. Fire extinguisher
Check your fire extinguisher to make sure it is charged.
9. Lightning / flashers
Check headlights and warning lights / flashes to make sure all of the lights
are working and replace bulbs if necessary.
10. Visibility from operative seat
Clean any dirty cab windows to provide the best visibility for you from the
operation seat.

What’s More
Directions: Walk around your house and list down Ten (10) agricultural farm tools that you
may find. Identify if the tools are in good condition or defective. If tools are defective what
would you recommend. Follow the sample format.

Good Action Taken

Name of condition Defective Parts
Tools
spade √
Spading fork √ handle Replacement of
handle
bolo √ blade Sharpening

Name of
Tools Good Defective Parts Action Taken
condition

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 Congratulations for a job well
done! You may now proceed to the
next activity.

What I Have Learned

Fill in the blanks with the correct word or group of words to complete the statement.

Pre-operative Check-up for Tractor

1. Before starting the tractor, make sure you have ________________ in tank.
2. Make sure that they __________________ are not corroded.
3. ___________ your tires air pressure and make sure that the nuts are tight.
4. __________, tighten or make necessary repairs before heading out to the field.
5. If your ___________ is faded or distorted in color or shape.

What I Can Do
In your home, Demonstrate Pre-Operative Check-up of Farm Tools

1. Greasing and sharpening of pruning shear

Instructions:
Procedure:
1. Before sharpening, check the pivot nut. If loose, tighten the pivot nut. With the nut
tightened, check the tool if it cuts cleanly. If it cuts cleanly, it doesn’t need
sharpening. If it cuts poorly, check its blade to make sure it is not bent. If the blade
is slightly bent, loosen the pivot nut and separate the blade.
2. File the edge to expose clean metal.
3. Sand the back side of the blade.
4. Perform housekeeping.

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 While performing the activity, you are required to document your performance
(take pictures or video). Your performance will be assessed based on this rubric.

SCORE
CRITERIA 20 15 10 5
Completeness/Accuracy
The safety precautions are properly
observed
Housekeeping is performed accordingly

Interpretation of Scores:
16-20 – Excellent output
11-15 – Very good
6-10 – Fair output
5 and below – Poor output

Assessment

Directions: Read and analyze the statements. Write T if the statement is correct and
write F if it is incorrect.
1. When you sharpen tools, it reduces the amount of force you need to apply to
accomplish the task.
2. Oiling or greasing metal parts will not prevent rusts.
3. Make sure tools with wooden handles are strong and durable.
4. Leave your tools on the floor after use.
5. Store tools in their original cases.
6. Dry tools after use.
7. A quick check in before you start work can save time and money.
8. Do not read the owner’s manual.
9. Make sure that the battery terminals are not corroded.
10. Check your tires before and after use.

Additional Activities
MONITORING THE PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Materials needed:

• Ballpen
• Bond paper
• Farm Tools

15
Instructions

In your home, you will be making an inventory of available farm tools reflecting the
conditions of all the tools.

1. Make a list of all tools available in your home.

2. Create a checklist of all the tools reflecting its regular or periodic check-up.
3. Make a checklist reflecting its condition.
4. Compile it in one folder for submission.

Schedule of Check-up
List of Tools Regular Periodic Condition

Congratulations! You did a great

job! Good luck as you move on to
the next lesson.

16
 Take this test and find out how much you know about the lesson.

What I Know
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING:
1. Give at least two farm equipment that is used in land preparation.
(2 points)
2. Give at least four farm equipment used in harvesting, threshing, milling and drying.
(4 points)
3. Give the specific uses and functions of the following:
a. Hand Tractor (2 points)
b. Harvester (2 points)

Lesson Use Appropriate Tools and

Equipment for the Job Requirement
1.3 According to Manufacturer’s
Specifications and Instructions

Now that you have successfully identified different farm tools used in Agricultural
Crop Production, it is a must to master the proper utilization of each and learn the
procedures in operating them.

What’s In

Answer the questions below.

1. What are the ways to consider in performing pre-operative check-up for farm
tools?
2. Does it really need to conduct a pre-operative check-up before using the farm
tools?

17
 What’s New

Activity 1. Read and Study.

Utilization – the action of making practical and effective use of something

Sow – to put seeds in or on the ground so that plants will grow
Ambient – (especially of environmental conditions) existing in the
surrounding area.
Maize – a tall plant grown in many parts of the world for its yellow seeds, which
are eaten as food, made into flour, or fed to animals.

What is It
OPERATING FARM EQUIPMENT ACCORDING TO MANUFACTURER’S
SPECIFICATIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS

FARM EQUIPMENT

Common Equipment in Land Preparation

Step by Step Procedure in Using Hand
Tractor
1.Check engine tank if fuel is in
proper level.
2.Check engine oil if it is on proper level.
3.Adjust accelerator control higher than
neutral.
4.Adjust air control of engine.
5.Switch on the ignition system.
6. Set the transmission lever in neutral to
make sure that the engine is disengaged
with the mounted implement.
7. Start the hand tractor engine by pulling
the starting.
8.In case the engine is mounted with
engine starter system, switch on the
starter button.
9.Allow the engine to warm up before
using the hand tractor for operation.
10.Shift to the desired transmission level
to first gear to start the operation.

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 11.Proceed with the farm operational and
adjust transmission gears to the
desired speed and direction.

Step by Step Procedure in Using Four Wheel

Tractor

1. Start the tractor only from the operator’s

platform.
2. Check the power take off controls to make sure
that they are disengaged and that the
transmission is in neutral and the clutch
depressed.
3. Start the engine following recommended
starting procedures in your operator’s manual.
4. Allow the engine to warm up before starting to
work with it.
5. Check all the instruments. Make sure that the
battery is charging.

Shutting down the engine

1.Always allow an engine to cool down at a fast

idle before shutting it off.
2.After shutting off, refill the fuel tank when the
tractor has cooled a bit.

Common Equipment in Irrigating the Farm

Step by Step Procedure in Using Water Pump

1. Add oil and fuel first.
2. Turn on the switch.
3. Turn on the fuel switch and the choke lever.
4. Make pump body full of water.
5. Start the pump off the choke lever.

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Common Equipment in Harvesting, Threshing,
Drying and Milling

Step by step Procedure in using Harvester

1. Start the engine.
2. Increase the engine speed by the accelerator
lever.
3. Raise the header.
4. Put the range shift lever to the appropriate position.
5. Push forward the main shift lever from “N” slowly
to move the machine.

Step by step Procedure in using Thresher

1. Start the engine.
2. Load the feed tray with harvested crop with the panicle
away from the operator.
3. Feed the crop at a uniform rate. Adjust the
feed rate to match the condition of the
material. Maintain maximum feeding rate
without overloading the engine.

Step by step Procedure in using Mechanical

Dryer
1. Load the dryer with wet paddy considering
the minimum load. Do not overload.
2. When wet paddy moisture contents are
mixed, aerate or circulate the grain for 15 to
30 minutes before turning the heater on to
reduce broken grains.
3. In a batch dryer with more than 30 cm. grain
depth, mix the grain at least once for more
even drying.
4. Monitor grain temperature and moisture
content to prevent excess temperature and
over drying.
5. Dry paddy after harvest to 18% moisture
content for storage up to two weeks.
6. Dry paddy for milling to 14% moisture
content. Drying below 14% reduces weight
and milling yield.

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Step by step Procedure in using RICE MILLER
1. Fix the machine frame on the plain ground and
install on the frame the rice mill machine,
grinding machine and power supply (electric
motor or diesel engine).
2. Installation of belt pulley system. Before putting
on the safety, cover it to make sure that all the
belt pulleys are in a same level and belt position
is just proper (not to tight, not too loose).
Normally, when pressing the belt, the movement
distance could be 2-25mm. When turning the
belt pulleys, all of them should be flexible and
without abnormal noise.
3. Open the rice mill cover to check if the milling
roller and milling knives are all in well position.
Normally on entrance side the gap between
milling roller and knife is 3mm while on the exit
side the gap is 2.5mm.
4. Before exact processing work, please put the
machine in empty running for 3-5 minutes to
make sure the electric motor or diesel engine
are working in good condition and in correct
direction.
5. After starting, please slowly take off the block
board on milling entrance to allow the
processing quantity increased step by step and
to test the milled rice quality by adjusting the
entrance pressure.
6. In case you need a terminal of the machine
during the processing, close the milling entrance
first and wait till the milling is finished before the
actual turning off of the machine.

LAND PREPARATION USING PLOW AND HARROW

Plowing – is the process of breaking up the soil usually 15 cm deep to incorporate and cover
inorganic matter. It can be accomplished with a power tiller or mold board plow hitch to a
carabao. To prepare the land for plowing follow these steps:
1. Remove from the field anything that may cause injury to the plow men and farm animals
or damaged to the implement.
2. Cut tall grasses and remove stubbles that make interfere with plowing.
3. In irrigated fields, flood the field 2 to 7 days before plowing to soften the soil. Keep the
surface of the soil covered with water to prevent the soil from sticking.

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Harrowing – leveling can best be accomplished by leaving just enough water in the field, about
2 to 5 cm to expose the high and low areas. Harrowing is done 2 to 3 times depending on the
soil condition.
Leveling the field can be done by scraping the mud from high spots moving it to the low
areas. A bamboo pole maybe attached to the base of the harrow teeth help in leveling.

What’s More

A. ARRANGE THE STEPS CHRONOLOGICALLY

Directions. Below are the steps on how to operate a harvester (1-7) and a thresher (8-
10). Arrange in sequence the steps by writing the letter A-G) for Harvester and (H-J) for
Thresher on the space provided before each number.

How to Operate a Harvester

_____1. Start the harvester before harvesting.
_____2. Choose proper harvesting time.
_____3. Adjust the header of the rice harvester.
_____4. Control the working speed.
_____5. The machine should run straightly.
_____6. Made the throttle valve at medium or opening position when
harvesting.
_____7. Clean and maintain the harvester after harvesting.
How to Operate a Thresher
_____8. Start the engine.
_____9. Load the feed tray with harvested crop with the panicle away from
the operator, so it is fed panicle first into the thresher.
_____10. Feed the crop at a uniform rate. adjust the feed rate to match the
condition of the material, maintain maximum feeding rate without
overloading the engine.

Congratulations for a job well done!

You may now proceed to the next
activity.

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 What I Have Learned

Completion Type: Fill in the blanks with the correct word or group of words to complete the
sentence.
Steps in Using Four Wheel Tractor
1. Start the tractor only from the ____________.
2. __________ the power takes off controls to make sure that they are disengaged and
that the transmission is in __________ and the clutch ___________.
3. Start the ___________ following recommended starting procedures in your
operator’s manual.
4. Allow the engine to ____________ before starting to work with it. Working a
_______________ is a major source of contamination of engine oil. Check all the
instruments. Make sure that the battery is _____________.

Shutting down the engine

1. Always allow an engine to ____________ at a fast idle before shutting it off.
2. After _______________ refill the fuel tank when the tractor has cooled a bit. Make sure
that the park brakes are locked. Check that there is no combustible debris near the
exhaust system.

What I Can Do

OPERATING THE FARM EQUIPMENT

Directions. Demonstrate Proper Use of Hand Tractor or Plow

Instructions:
Hand Tractor
1. Check engine tank if fuel is on in proper level.
2. Check engine oil if it is on proper level.
3. Adjust accelerator control higher than neutral.
4. Adjust air control of engine.
5. Switch on the ignition system.
6. Set the transmission lever in neutral to make sure that the engine is disengaged with
the mounted implement.
7. Start the hand tractor engine by pulling the starting.
8. In case the engine is mounted with engine starter system, switch on the starter button.

Plow
1. Place shoulder strap and breast band on a draft animal.
2. Attach harness to breast band of an animal.

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 3. Connect the plow to the harness.
4. Hold the guide handles and prepare to start plowing.
While performing the activity, it is required to document (take pictures or record your
performance) and it is also important that you assess your performance following the criteria
below:
Score
Criteria 20 15 10 5
Appropriate tools are safely used according
to job requirements and manufacturers’
conditions
Demonstrate the step by step procedures by
following manufacturer’s manual
The step by step procedures are correctly
followed
The safety precautions are properly
observed
Interpretation of Scores:
16 – 20 - Excellent output
11 – 15 - Very good
6 – 10 - Fair output
5 and below - Poor output

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 Assessment

MATCHING TYPE
Directions. Match Column A with their functions in Column B. Write your answer in your
activity notebook.
1. Mechanical dryer a. Used to pull a plow and harrow in
preparing a large area of land
2. Water pump b. Is a farm equipment that threshes
grain that is, it removes the seed
from the stalks and husks.
3. Hand tractor c. Used to pull disc plow and disc
harrow in preparing much bigger
area of land.
4. Harvester d. Used to dry rice mechanically
e. Machine for harvesting crops
f. Used to draw irrigation water from a
source

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 Additional Activities

In a piece of paper, make a reflection regarding the farm equipment that is existing in your
community.

Congratulations! You did a great

job! Good luck as you move on to the
next lesson.

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 27
Pretest 1.2 Pretest 1.3 What I have
Learned 1.2
1. T 1. Hand Tractor
2. F 2. 4 wheel tractor 1. Sufficient fuel
3. T 3. Harvester 2. Battery
4. F 4. Thresher terminals
5. T 5. Mechanical 3. Check
Dryer 4. Replace
6. Rice miller 5. SME emblem
7. Use in
preparing the
land
8. Use in
preparing
bigger area
land
Assessment 1.1. Assessment 1.2 Pretest 1.1.
A. B. 1. T 1. bolo
1. A 1. C 2. T 2. knapsack
2. A 2. B 3. T sprayer
3. A 3. A 4. F 3. shovel
4. C 5. T 4. sprinkler
5. C 6. T 5. harrow
7. T 6. wheel barrow
8. F 7. plow
9. T 8. pick mattock
10. T 9. sickle
10.axe
Answer Key
References
Learning and Living in the 21st Century

Learners Material Agricultural Crop Production Grade 10

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum TLE Agricultural Crop Production Exploratory Course

Grade 7 & 8

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum TLE Horticulture Exploratory Course Grade 7 & 8

Cambridge Dictionary

Wikipedia Dictionary

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