Design Of Slab

Two -Way Slab Computation

Design of Two Way Slab: 2nd/3rd Floor

Slab S1:

Design Material Properties:

fy = 275 Mpa
f'c = 24 Mpa

Dimension of beams supporting the slab:

B1 b= 350 mm h= 500 mm L=
B2 b= 350 mm h= 500 mm L=

Slab Dimensions:

Short span S = 5000 m Short span La= 4550 mm

Long span, L = 6000 m Long span . Lb= 5550 mm

I. Computation of Slab Thickness

Minimum Thickness of slab

ℎ ≥(𝑆+𝐿)/90=
(4600+5600)/90= 113.333333

Trial h = 115 m

Span Ratio, β

𝛽=𝑙𝑏/𝑙𝑎=5600/ 1.21978
4600=

∝𝑓1= ((350) (450)^3)/

Stiffness ratio of B1 at top left, ((2075) (115)^3 )= 13.863
∝𝑓2= ((350)
(450)^3)/((2075+4250)
(115)^3 )=
 ∝𝑓2= ((350)
Stiffness ratio of B1 at top right, (450)^3)/((2075+4250)
(115)^3 )= 4.548
∝𝑓3= ((350)
Stiffness ratio of B2 at left, (450)^3)/((2825) (115)^3 )=
10.183
∝𝑓4= ((350)
Stiffness ratio of B2 at right, (450)^3)/((2825+3900) 4.278
(115)^3 )=
∝𝑓𝑚=(10.106+3.32+7.23+3.118)/4=
Averge stiffness ratio,

For Slabs with αfm > 2, Minimum Thickness of slab is

a. h ≥ 90 mm
b. h= ln(0.8+(0.fy/1400))/(36+9*β) 0.117939
Use h = 120 mm
0.12 m
II. Load Determination

Dead Load:

Ceiling:
Gypsum Board(10mm) 0.08 kpa
Mechanical Duct Allowance 0.2 kpa
Electrical and Plumbing Allowance 0.18 kpa

Slab: 23.6 KN/m^3 x 0.120m= 2.832 kpa

Slab Finishes:
Ceramic Tile 1.1 kpa
4.392 kpa
Partitions:

CHB (100mm) 2.61 kpa

Glass(1 25.1 KN/m^3 x 0.012 m= 0.3012 kpa

Frame walls 0.38 kpa
0.3012 kpa + 0.38 kpa = 0.6812 kpa
Partition load: 1 kpa
Railings: 0.5 kpa
Total: 9.1832

Live Load: 4.8 Kpa

Ultimate uniform loading, wu

 wu = 1.2 DL +1.6LL = 1.2(9.655) +1.6(4.8)= 18.69984 Kpa
III. Shear Design

Using bar diameter, db = 12mm ф

Eff. Depth for short span = h-20-0.5db= 94 mm
Eff. Depth for long span = h-20-1.5db= 82 mm

Ultimate Shear, Vum =1/3 *wu *S*(3-m/2) = 34.28304 KN

фVc =ф 0.17 √fc' b d1 = 0.75*0.17*√(24)*1000*102 = 51.21883 KN

Vum ≤фVc = 35.321 ≤ 63.711 O.K!

IV. Flexural Design

Span ratio = m = s/L = 5000/6000 0.833333

For slab with 2 edge continuous, Case 4.

1.) Middle strip of short span

a. At midspan, Ca,posdlwdla2
= (0.038*1.2*9.655*(4.6^2))+(0.021*1.6*4.8*(4.6^2))= 15.983032
a.) At discontinuous edges, 1/3*Ca,posdlwdla3 5.3276774
b.) At continuous edges, Ca,negwula2 = 0.069*19.266*(4.6^2) 26.712207

1.) Middle strip of long span

a. At midspan, Ca,posdlwdla2 =
= (0.038*1.2*9.655*(5.6^2))+(0.021*1.6*4.8*(5.6^2))= 10.738284
a.) At discontinuous edges, 1/3*Ca,posdlwdla3 3.5794279
b.) At continuous edges, Ca,negwula2 = 0.031*19.266*(4.6^2) 17.856056

Limiting Ratio:

Maximum ρ: ρmax

𝐹𝑜𝑟 𝑓^′ 𝑐 ≤28 𝑀𝑃𝑎, 𝛽=0.85

𝜌𝑏=0.85 𝛽 (𝑓^′ 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦(600/

(600+𝑓𝑦)) =
=0.85 (0.85) 0.024699
24/415(600/(600+415)) =

ρmax = 0.75 ρb = 0.018525

 Minimum ρ: ρmin

ρ = 1.4 / 1.4/ 415 0.003373

Along Short span:

Midspan:
Moment,15.98303 KN.m

Ru = 𝑀𝑢/(∅𝑏𝑑^2 )= 2.009838
(16.792(1000)(1000))/(0.90
(350)(114)^2) = (1- √(1−(2
𝜌=0.85 (𝑓^′ 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦
𝑅𝑢)/(0.85 𝑓^′ 𝑐)))
=0.85
24/415(1−√(1−(2∗𝑅𝑢)/0.85(24 0.005108 > ρmin
) )))=

Therefore use ρ = 0.005108

As = ρ b d 480.191

Nb = As/Ab= 4.24584 5

s = 1000Ab/As 235.525

Maximum spacing, smax

a.) smax = 3h = 3(120)= 360 mm (Governs)
b.) smax = 450 450 mm
Minimum spacing, smin
a.) smin = db = 12 mm
b.) smin = 50 mm= 50 mm

Adopted s = 230 mm

Therefore, 5 - 12mm φ bottom rebars spaced at 230 mm @ midspan

Discontinuous edge:
Moment, Mu= 5.32768 KN.m

Ru = 𝑀𝑢/(∅𝑏𝑑^2 )= 0.669946
(5.597(1000)(1000))/(0.90 (350)
(114)^2) =
 Ru = 𝑀𝑢/(∅𝑏𝑑^2 )=
(5.597(1000)(1000))/(0.90 (350)
(114)^2) = 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 (1- √(1−(2
𝜌=0.85 (𝑓^′
𝑅𝑢)/(0.85 𝑓^′ 𝑐)))
=0.85
24/415(1−√(1−(2∗𝑅𝑢)/0.85(24 0.001642 < ρmin
) )))=

Therefore use ρmin = 0.003373

As = ρ b d 317.108

Nb = As/Ab= 2.80386 3

s = 1000Ab/As 356.651

Maximum spacing, smax

a.) smax = 3h = 3(120)= 360 mm (Governs)
b.) smax = 450 450 mm
Minimum spacing, smin
a.) smin = db = 12 mm
b.) smin = 50 mm= 50 mm

Adopted s = 350 mm

Therefore, 3 - 12mm φ bottom rebars spaced at 350 mm @ discontinuous edges

Continuous edge:
Moment, Mu= 26.7122 KN.m

Ru = 𝑀𝑢/(∅𝑏𝑑^2 )= 3.359012
(28.129(1000)(1000))/(0.90
(350)(144)^2) = (1- √(1−(2
𝜌=0.85 (𝑓^′ 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦
𝑅𝑢)/(0.85 𝑓^′ 𝑐)))
=0.85
24/415(1−√(1−(2∗𝑅𝑢)/0.85(24 0.0089 >ρmin
) )))=

Therefore use ρ = 0.0089

As = ρ b d 836.565

Nb = As/Ab= 7.39688 8

s = 1000Ab/As 135.192

Maximum spacing, smax

a.) smax = 3h = 3(140)= 420 mm (Governs)
b.) smax = 450 450 mm
Minimum spacing, smin
a.) smin = db = 12 mm
b.) smin = 50 mm= 50 mm

Adopted s = 150 mm

Therefore, 8 - 12mm φ bottom rebars spaced at 130 mm @ midspan

Along Longer span:

Midspan:
Moment, Mu= 10.7383 KN.m

Ru = 𝑀𝑢/(∅𝑏𝑑^2 )= 1.774454
(11.235(1000)(1000))/(0.90
(350)(102)^2) = (1- √(1−(2
𝜌=0.85 (𝑓^′ 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦
𝑅𝑢)/(0.85 𝑓^′ 𝑐)))
=0.85
24/415(1−√(1−(2∗𝑅𝑢)/0.85(24 0.00448 < ρmin
) )))=

Therefore use ρ = 0.003373

As = ρ b d 276.627

Nb = As/Ab= 2.44592 3

s = 1000Ab/As 408.844

Maximum spacing, smax

a.) smax = 3h = 3(120)= 360 mm (Governs)
b.) smax = 450 450 mm
Minimum spacing, smin
a.) smin = db = 12 mm
b.) smin = 50 mm= 50 mm

Adopted s = 360 mm

Therefore, 3 - 12mm φ bottom rebars spaced at 360 mm @ midspan

Discontinuous edge:
Moment, Mu= 3.57943 KN.m

Ru = 𝑀𝑢/(∅𝑏𝑑^2 )= 0.591485
(3.744(1000)(1000))/(0.90 (350)
(102)^2) = 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦 (1- √(1−(2
𝜌=0.85 (𝑓^′
𝑅𝑢)/(0.85 𝑓^′ 𝑐)))
=0.85
24/415(1−√(1−(2∗𝑅𝑢)/0.85(24 0.001447 < ρmin
) )))=

Therefore use ρmin = 0.00337349

As = ρ b d 276.627

Nb = As/Ab= 2.44592 3

s = 1000Ab/As 408.844

Maximum spacing, smax

a.) smax = 3h = 3(120)= 360 mm (Governs)
b.) smax = 450 450 mm
Minimum spacing, smin
a.) smin = db = 12 mm
b.) smin = 50 mm= 50 mm

Adopted s = 360 mm

Therefore, 3 - 12mm φ bottom rebars spaced at 360 mm @ midspan

Continuous edge:
Moment, Mu= 17.8561 KN.m

Ru = 𝑀𝑢/(∅𝑏𝑑^2 )= 2.950634
(18.730(1000)(1000))/(0.90
(350)(102)^2) = (1- √(1−(2
𝜌=0.85 (𝑓^′ 𝑐)/𝑓𝑦
𝑅𝑢)/(0.85 𝑓^′ 𝑐)))
=0.85
24/415(1−√(1−(2∗𝑅𝑢)/0.85(24 0.007715 < ρmin
) )))=

Therefore use ρ = 0.00772

As = ρ b d 632.668
Nb = As/Ab= 5.59403 6

s = 1000Ab/As 178.762

Maximum spacing, smax

a.) smax = 3h = 3(140)= 420 mm (Governs)
b.) smax = 450 450 mm
Minimum spacing, smin
a.) smin = db = 12 mm
b.) smin = 50 mm= 50 mm

Adopted s = 170 mm

Therefore, 6 - 12mm φ bottom rebars spaced at 170 mm @ midspan

V. Development Length

Actual development length of flexure bars, Ld

At short span

ld = 0.22 S= 0.22*4600 1001 mm

950 mm

At long span

ld = 0.22 S= 0.22*4600 1232 mm

1032 mm

Minimum permissible development length of 12mm steel bars with straight end anchorage:
1. Modification factors 1
a. Coating factor, ψe = 0.8
b Size factor ψs = 1
c. Top bar factor ψt = 1
d. Normal concrete factor 1
e. Excess rebars factor, 1 < maximum 2.5
f. Concrete cover factor 1
Use σ =

2. Minimum Permissible development lengths

a. ld = 300 mm < actual Ld 300 <actual [OK]
b.𝑙𝑑=(𝑓𝑦∗𝜑𝑡∗𝜑𝑒)/ 403.388192 <actual [OK]
(2.1λ√𝑓^′ 𝑐)
c. 𝑙𝑑=1/1.1
(𝑓𝑦∗𝜑𝑡∗𝜑𝑒)/(λ√𝑓^′ 308.041892 <actual [OK]
𝑐(𝑐𝑏+𝑘𝑡𝑟/𝑑𝑏))
c. 𝑙𝑑=1/1.1
(𝑓𝑦∗𝜑𝑡∗𝜑𝑒)/(λ√𝑓^′ 308.041892 <actual [OK]
𝑐(𝑐𝑏+𝑘𝑡𝑟/𝑑𝑏))

Since actual development lengths is greater than minimum length for straight-end anchorage, rebars
need not to be hooked.
5000
6000

4.55 m
5.55 m
8.218
KN.m
KN.m
KN.m

KN.m
KN.m
KN.m
ht end anchorage:
ht-end anchorage, rebars