Physical Education 3

History and Development of Dance from the Different Periods

Dance during the Prehistoric Period
Quarter 1 – module 1(Week 1 and 2)  It had been a major form of religious ritual and social expression within
primitive culture.
 It was used as a way of expression and reinforcing tribal unity and
Dance: an introduction strength.
 It is based on superstition and infused with magic. Shamans as lead
dancers acted as physicians and religious leaders and kept tribes healthy,
prosperous and safe.

Dance during the Ancient Civilization

Ancient Egypt.
 3,300 BCE (First Dancing). It is believed that the first people to dance
were the Egyptians. Archaeologists discovered paintings of dancing
figures in rock shelters and caves.
 As a way of expressing religious service and teaching ancient myth, three
(3) major dancers were evolved:
Name
(1) the king;
(2) the priests who performed magical dances;
(3) virgin dancers who were trained to perform during ceremonies led by the
Grade/Section priests.
Ancient Crete.
Prepared by:
 The Cretan civilization (3000-1400 BC) was a cultural link in the ancient
Mr. Jhon Robert S. Clavo world between Egyptians and Greeks.
Subject Teacher  Cretans used dance to perfect their military training which made excellent.
Lesson 1: Dances from the Past
What is Dance? Ancient Greece.
Dance comes from the German word damson, which means “to stretch or “to  Dance was not just for religious and military training but also a form of
drag”. It developed as a natural expression of united feeling and action. Dance is entertainment and display.
considered the mirror of the society because it responds to historical and religious  Plato immensely gave importance to dance in education as stated in the
events as well as social and political statements. education on the Laws. He highlighted the two kinds of dance and music: the
Although there have been immense comparative differences in period and noble (fin and honorable) and the ignoble (imitating what is mean or ugly).
culture, people still dance mainly for four reasons: (a) to please gods; (b) to please 
others; (c) to please themselves; and (d) to build community within an ethnic Ancient Rome.
group or social interaction.
  Gave less importance to dancing which eventually became an integral part of
the corruption in the latter days of the Roman Empire resulting in the
condemnation of dance by early Christians.
 Dance was primarily performed for religious, social and entertainment.
However, theatrical entertainment was prohibited but still existed and was
performed within church during religious ceremonies.
Dance During the Middle Ages and The Renaissance
 1400 (Ballet Comes into Play). Ballet started in this year in Italy, but didn’t
really become popular until around the year 1500. Ballet gained its popularity
when a lady of the arts, Catherine de Medici, married King Henry 11 and
threw festivals where they would perform ballet dances. Ballet is believed to
be the main core of every single dance style.
 A vast dance movement occurred throughout the courts of Europe in the 15th
and 16th centuries. During these times, new court dances performed by the
nobility came about as well as the rise of the art of ballet in Italy and France.
 Several other dance forms continued to sprout and spread across several
countries.
Lesson 2: Dancing toward the 21st Century
Modern History
Dance During the Late 16th and 17th Centuries (1501-1700)
 1600 (Masque Dancing). Masque dancing started from elaborate pageants
and shows in the 16th century. Masque dancing involved intricate costuming
and stage designing that also incorporated singing and acting as well as
dancing. It was often used as a court entertainment.
 A period in the history of dance in Italy, France, and England which was
considered to be pleasantly deep and rich. France became the forerunner in
dance during this period.
 Dance increased as a court amusement and later transformed into
professional entertainment.
21st Century Dance (2001- Present)
Dance During the 18th Century (1701-1800)
 1795 (Classical Persian Dancing). This style of dance evolved from
courtroom dancing. An era influencing Persian dance was the Qajar Dynasty
which lasted from 1795 to 1925. Dancers would perform artistic and lively
dances for the Shah. The music is usually played by a small band.
 1800 (Tippity Tappity, Time for Tap). Tap dancing originated from African
tribe dancing. Tap dancing makes percussion sounds because of dancers most
commonly wearing leather shoes with two pieces of metal and clip and clap
against hard floors. Tap is still very popular to this day.
Dance During the 19th Century (1801-1900)
 1890 (Merengue Dancing). It is a Caribbean dance style that involves
partners holding each other in a tango-like position and moving their hips
side to side.
 1900 (Jazz and Acro). It involves doing smooth and flexible movements, and
lots of back bending and tricks. Both styles are widely popular to this day.
 Ballroom dances also emerged during this period like Cotillion, Polonaise,
Quadrille, Waltz and Polka.
20th Century Dances (1901-2000)
 Described as a period of “dance fever” wherein the young and old alike
were not limited to express emotions through dance.
 1950 (Contemporary Dance). Contemporary dance is a style that combines
jazz, ballet, and modern dance. It can be many different styles, but most of
the time it is melancholy and or intense.
 1970 (Hip Hop Dance). There are many styles of hip hop that include
breaking, popping, locking, and more. Street dance was performed both in
night clubs and on the streets. It is associated with funk, breakdancing, and
hip-hop.
 Several social dance movements also evolved such as castle walk, tango,
foxtrot, Charleston, Lindy Hop, Rumba, Mambo, Cha-Cha-Cha, Samba,
Bossa Nova, Boogaloo and Twist.
 Popular fad dances also emerged like YMCA and Macarena.
 2018 (Dance Nowadays). Today's dance style has taken a turn towards more
hip hop dances. Small and popular dances that involve hip hop and that most
 everyone can achieve include the whip and nae nae, Gangnam Style (it’s a recommended times of exercise for an individual. Rest or easy days are in between to
little old), shooting, and more. allow your body to recover from physical exertion.
Example:
Lesson 3: Health-Related Fitness (HRF) and FITT Principles Goal Sun Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri Sat
Work- Work- Work- Work- Work-
The Health-Related Fitness Components Cardio-vascular out out out out out
Rest Rest
Before engaging any physical activities, you need to self- assess your health-related (3Minute Step test session session session session session
fitness status and determine barriers to physical activity participation. Health-related 1 2 3 4 5
fitness involves exercise activities that you do in order to try to improve your
physical health and stay healthy. Intensity (How Hard) - an individual’s level of effort (light, moderate, vigorous).
Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of the heart and lungs to work together to Example:
provide the needed oxygen and fuel to the body during sustained workloads. The 3- Sample Activities Light Moderate Vigorous
minute Step Test is used to test cardiovascular endurance. Cardiovascular
Slow walking Fast walking Jogging
Endurance
Muscular strength is the amount of force a muscle can produce. The Push-Up Test is
most often used to test muscular strength. This Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale below is used to measure the intensity
of your exercise/ physical activity. This value gives a reference point for an
Muscular endurance is the ability of the muscles to perform continuous without individual’s internal load which can be compared with others during a similar
fatiguing. The Basic Plank is most often used to test muscular endurance. session.
RPE CHART (Rate of Perceived Exertion)
Flexibility is the ability of each joint to move through the available range of motion Rate Level Effort Description
for a specific joint. The Zipper Test and Sit and Reach Test is frequently used to test Feels almost impossible to keep going
10 Maximum Effort Activity
body flexibility. Completely out of breath, unable to talk
Very difficult to maintain exercise intensity
9 Very Hard Activity
Can barely breathe and speak a single word
Body composition is the amount of fat mass compared to lean muscle mass, bones
On the verge of becoming uncomfortable
and organs. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body 7-8 Vigorous Activity
Short of breathe, can speak a sentence
height, and is universally expressed in units of kg/m², resulting from mass in
Feels like you can exercise for hours
kilograms and height in meters. 4-6 Moderate Activity
Breathing
Feels like you can maintain for hours
Getting FITT with Dance 2-3 Light Activity
Easy to breathe and carry on a conversation
Anything other than sleeping, watching TV,
When engaging in any form of dance, always consider the FITT (Frequency, 1 Very Light Activity
riding a car, etc.
Intensity, Time, Type) principle of training to be able to perform efficiently and
minimize unnecessary body stress and injury. Time (How Long) - duration of a workout (including warm-up and cool-down) or the
Frequency (How Often) - number of training sessions that are performed during a length of time spent in training. To improve health-related fitness, trainers
given period (usually one week). About 3 to 4 times per week or more are the
recommend 20 to 30 minutes of nonstop exercise. Time should be decreasing as the
intensity of the activity is increasing. Activity 1.2. My Fitness Map!
Example: Complete the graphics below by answering the questions found inside the box.
Goal Sun Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri Sat Choose the letter only.
Slow
Slow Fast
Walkin Jogging Jogging 1. It is the ability of the heart and lungs to work together to provide the
walking walking
Cardio-vascular Rest g Rest needed oxygen and fuel to the body during sustained workloads.
30 30 25 20 20 2. Push up is most used to test ___________
minutes minutes minutes minutes minutes 3. It is the ability of the muscles to perform continuous without fatigue.
4. The Zipper and Sit and Reach Test is most often used to test
Activity 1.1. Arrow It Out! __________
Follow the arrows and supply the blank portion of the Mind Map. Possible answers 5. It is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height.
are inside the box. Write the letter of your choice.

(a.) Whip, Nae Nae and Gangnam style

(b.) Contemporary & Hip Hop dance
(c.) Merengue, Jazz and Acro dancing
(d.) Classical Persian & Tap dancing
(e.) Masque dancing
(f.) Ballet comes into play
(g.) Theatrical performance in churches
(h.) Noble and Ignoble dancing
(i.) Dance for military training
(j.) Dancing figures on caves