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Current Affairs Section

1) The Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for the Ministry of Science
and Technology, Jitendra Singh launched a new Geospatial Planning Portal
under Bhuvan named “Yuktdhara” to enable the planning of
new MGNREGA assets using Remote Sensing and GIS-based information.

2) Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Government of India have

signed a $500 million loan to expand the metro rail network in Bengaluru

3) IIT Madras has developed India’s first indigenous motorized wheelchair

vehicle named ‘NeoBolt’

4) WEF’S Sustainable Development Impact Summit 2021 will take place

on September 20-23, 2021 in Geneva, Switzerland

5) A new book titled “Mission Domination: An Unfinished Quest” authored

by Boria Majumdar & Kushan Sarkar.

6) A book titled ‘Battlefield’ has been authored by Vishram

Bedekar, translated from the Marathi original Ranaangan by Jerry Pinto.

7) A book titled has ‘Address Book: A Publishing Memoir in the time of

COVID’ by Ritu Menon

8) The second edition of the joint naval exercise, Zair-Al-Bahr, between

the Indian Navy and Qatar Emiri Naval Force (QENF) was conducted
between August 9 and 14 in the Persian Gulf.

9) World’s First fossil-free steel manufactured in Sweden

Vocabulary Section

1)Ransom
English Meaning- Release the captive in return of property.
Synonyms- Free, Redeem, Deliver, Liberation, Payment
Antonyms- Compensation, Punish, Shackle, Captivate, Contain
Example Sentence- The goons have kidnapped a kid for the ransom.

2) Standpoint
English Meaning- Having a viewpoint on any issue
Synonyms- Viewpoint, Attitude, Stance, Aspect, Opinion
Antonyms- Dumb, Peer, Neutral
Example Sentence- We should have a clear standpoint for our future.

3) Impediment
English Meaning- An obstruction in any work
Synonyms- Barrier, Difficulty, Hurdle, Hamper, Hindrance, Obstacle
Antonyms- Privilege, Aid, Help, Assist, Support
Example Sentence- When we start doing something, impediments come,
but we should not stop.

4) Encompass
English Meaning- Surround something or hold within.
Synonyms- Cover, Surround, Embody, Encircle, Enclose
Antonyms- Exclude, Annul, Abolish
Example Sentence- We have encompassed all the places on our list,
where we want to visit.
Vocabulary Section

5) Notion
English Meaning- A conception about something
Synonyms- Thought, Idea, Conception, Belief, Sentiment
Antonyms- Truth, Fact, Actuality, Reality
Example Sentence- Due to his absurd notion, people always make the
joke on him.

IDIOMS

1) Hit the Ground Running

Meaning: To start a project with no training period needed
Use: Law graduates are always expected to hit the ground running.

2) Hit the Hay

Meaning: To go to bed in order to sleep
Use: I hit the hay at 9 PM everyday.

3) Hit the Jackpot

Meaning: Doing something that lead great success
Use: I will surely hit the jackpot.

4) Hit the Nail on the Head

Meaning: To describe the truth what is causing a situation
Use: You have to hit the nail on the head.

5) Hit the Road

Meaning: To leave
Use: Don't hit the road so early
Articles Section

It is Pakistan’s moment of triumph in

Afghanistan, but India must bet on patience
( Source – The Indian Express )

As the tragic chaos at the Hamid Karzai International Airport in Kabul continues, two
interconnected political negotiations unfolding are likely to determine Afghanistan’s
immediate future. One is focussed on building a new political order within Afghanistan
and the other is about gaining international recognition for the incipient Taliban-led
government. Notwithstanding the current triumphalism in Pakistan at “overthrowing” the
US-backed order in Kabul and “pushing” India out of Afghanistan, Delhi can afford to
step back and signal that it can wait. For one, Rawalpindi is some distance away from
establishing a new political order dominated by the Taliban. Then there is the challenge
of securing the international legitimacy of a Pakistan-backed order in Afghanistan and
sustaining its future. Neither of these tasks is easy. Pakistan’s own experience points to
the pitfalls.

Consider the last time Rawalpindi celebrated its victory in Afghanistan. After Soviet
troops withdrew from Afghanistan in 1989, the Kabul government led by Najibullah and
backed by Moscow, resisted the full-scale offensive by the Mujahideen and Pakistan for
three years before collapsing. But Pakistan took another half-decade before gaining
reasonable control over Afghanistan through the Taliban. But before Pakistan and the
Taliban could translate their victory into long-term geopolitical gains, the world came
down like a ton of bricks on Afghanistan after the 9/11 terror attacks.
Articles Section

The Taliban government melted away by the end of 2001, as quickly as the Ashraf
Ghani government did this month.

The Pakistan army can surely pat itself on the back for its patient support of the Taliban
over the last two decades and bringing it back into Kabul. But how is it faring on the two
unfinished tasks in Afghanistan—constructing a credible government and securing
international legitimacy for it? More than a week after President Ghani fled Kabul, there
is no government, let alone an inclusive and internationally acceptable one, in sight.
Before Rawalpindi can get the Taliban to share power with other groups, it has to
facilitate an acceptable accommodation between different factions of the Taliban.
Power-sharing and the distribution of the spoils of war are always difficult for any
victorious coalition. It is likely to be harder among the fractious Pashtun tribes.

Then there is the problem of including the non-Taliban formations in the new
government. There are some efforts in that direction by the Taliban but they remain
inconclusive. Meanwhile, the Taliban is yet to convince the broader population of its
good intentions. Thousands of Afghans are desperate to escape from a future with the
Taliban. Some opponents are regrouping to organise military resistance.
Articles Section

What Indian lawmaking needs: More scrutiny, less

speed
( source – The Indian Express )

The recent Monsoon Session of Parliament is proof that the speed of passing laws trumps
their rigorous scrutiny in our legislative process. These pages have been replete with
statistics about the two Houses passing laws in the din in a matter of minutes. Our
national legislature has similarly enacted laws even during previous administrations. The
repetition of such legislative functioning is appalling, especially as both government and
Parliament continue making the same mistake. In our parliamentary system, a majority of
laws originate from the government. Each ministry decides the path its legislative
proposals will take from ideation to enactment. For example, last year, the Shipping
Ministry requested public feedback on the two bills — Marine Aids and Inland Vessels— it
piloted during this session. This mechanism enables the strengthening of the legal
proposal through stakeholder inputs before being brought to Parliament. However,
ministries expedite their bills by not putting them through a similar pre-legislative scrutiny
process. Another way for the government to fast track legislation is through the ordinance
route. The Constitution empowers the government to make a law when Parliament is not
in session, and the situation requires immediate action. Over the years, successive
governments have exploited the spirit of this constitutional provision.
Articles Section

Governments have promulgated an ordinance a few days before a parliamentary session,

cut a session short to issue one, and pushed a law that is not urgent through the
ordinance route. But the executive sometimes fails to follow through on the legislative
urgency. For example, last October, it issued an ordinance to set up a commission for air
quality management of the national capital region. But during this year’s Budget Session,
it missed the deadline for getting parliamentary approval for the commission. The
government had to re-promulgate the ordinance after the Budget Session. Parliament
then passed the bill to replace the ordinance in the din during this monsoon session.

Bringing in law through the ordinance route also bypasses parliamentary scrutiny. Logic
would suggest that the legislature rigorously examine a hurriedly-enacted law to ensure
its intended purpose is not compromised. But parliamentary committees rarely scrutinise
bills to replace ordinances because this may take time and defeat the issuing of the
ordinance. But this does not always result in the desired outcomes. Over a year ago, the
government promulgated the three farm ordinances. There was pandemonium in Rajya
Sabha over the demand to get them examined by a parliamentary committee. Since then,
disruption in Parliament on the farm laws continues, and the statutes have been kept in
abeyance by the Supreme Court. Over the last few years, bills like GST, Consumer
Protection, Insolvency and Bankruptcy, Labour Codes, Surrogacy, and DNA Technology
have benefited from parliamentary committees’ scrutiny. Their closed-door technical
deliberations, inputs from ministry officials, subject-matter experts, and ordinary citizens
have strengthened government bills.
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