Lesson Introduction to Industrial

Lesso
Electronics Application
1

Introduction
In studying Industrial Electronics Applications, it is necessary to begin with its
foundation as well as its historical timeline. Industrial Electronics Application requires prior
knowledge regarding basic electronics and it implies knowledge which could be applied in
electrical and electronics industries- real world.

Industrial Electronics

 ELECTRONICS

- The branch of physics and technology concerned with the design of circuits using
transistors and microchips, and with the behavior and movement of electrons in a
semiconductor, conductor, vacuum, or gas

 INDUSTRY ˈɪndəstri/, noun

Economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of
goods in factories.

 INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS

- is the application of solid-state electronics to industrial manufacture and power

control.

 INDUSTRY could be:

- AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

- SOFT GOODS INDUSTRY (i.e., clothes)

- DURABLE GOODS INDUSTRY (i.e., large appliances, consumer electronics, etc.) Production
machines and systems are used in these industry groups to produce the products.
 History of Industrial Electronics

 INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (Mid-1700’s – Mid-1800’s, England) The power for

spinning and weaving machines switched from water power to steam engines

Figure 1. Giant water wheel (The Laxey Wheel also known as Lady Isabella)
Photo Source : Water & Steam Power Industrial Revolution 1700-1850

 INVENTION OF THE ALTERNATING CURRENT (1888) By Nikola Tesla

Figure 2. Alternating Current Machine Invented by Nikola Tesla

Photo Source : alternating-current.jpg (640×439) (toptenz.net)
 INVENTON OF THE VACUUM TUBES

- By John Ambrose Fleming (Diode – 1905),

Figure 3. John Fleming with his Vacuum Tube

- Lee de Forest (Transistor – 1907), etc

Figure 4. Lee De Foreest, an American inventor of the Audion vacuum tube, transistor.

 SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS By Bardain, Brattain, Shockley (Transistor – 1947)

 Figure 5. Bardain, Brattain, Shockley (Transistor – 1947)

 INVENTION OF THE IC By Jack Kilby, 1958 ROBOTICS

Figure 6. Jack Kilby, Inventor of Integrated Circuit

 COMPUTERS, AUTOMATION and ROBOTICS

Figure 7. Structure of an atom of helium

Manufacturing System Classification

 PROJECT
- Complex, contains many parts and often one-of-akind. Production is mostly manual
with machines to make some components. Examples: Planes, ships, large buildings, etc.

 JOB SHOP
 - Non-complex products with few parts and small production volumes. Uses combination
of manual and automated machines. Example: Machining a non-standard component in a
specific device.

 REPETITIVE

- Characteristics: (1) There is a repeat business (2) Multiple year contracts on product and
(3) Production quantity is high. Automated production is greater than manual.
Example: Components for the automotive industry.

 LINE

- Characteristics: (1) Short delivery time (2) The product has many options or models (3)
An inventory of sub-assemblies is normally present. Production uses automated systems and
special-purpose automation because product order is predictable.

 CONTINUOUS

- Describes the flow of product from a manufacturing system that is never interrupted.
Product under this manufacturing type has steady and predictable demand; has good finished
inventory; has high product volume; has few options.
Example: Toothpaste, Shampoo, etc

Manufacturing Systems and Industrial Electronics/ Automation

Classification of Industrial Control Electronics

 MANUAL MACHINES

- Large group of machines operated in the manual mode to support every operation in the
production of goods.
  PROGRAMMABLE MACHINES

- A large group of CNC (Computer Numerically Controlled) machines that performs a

variety of materials processing tasks. (Automatic mode under program control)

 ROBOTS

- Industrial machines capable of being programmed and tooled to perform many different
manufacturing tasks (welding, painting, material handling, assembly).

 MATERIAL MOVING SYSTEMS

- A broad range of systems that moves raw materials and finished products through
manufacturing using a variety of manufacturing technologies like belts and chains, etc.

 MATERIAL TRACKING SYSTEMS

- Identification technology (from raw materials to finished goods) through bar codes,
RFID, etc.

 MATERIAL STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS

- ASRS – Automatic storage and Retrieval System.

- Stores and retrieves raw materials, finished parts and completed products.

 FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING CELLS (FMC)

- In a large manufacturing process, this is a system consisting of interrelated machines

that perform a particular process or step. Typically includes a CNC, material transport and a
robot.

 FIXED AUTOMATION MACHINES

- A large class of dedicated automation machines designed to manufacture and assemble

parts into finished products with minimum human intervention.

 FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS (FMS)

- One or more computer-controlled manufacturing machines integrated by an automatic

material handling system. Combination of FMCs linked by a material handling system.

 CONTINUOUS PROCESS SYSTEMS

- Computer-controlled production systems used in the preparation of food and in the

production of chemicals, pharmaceuticals and paper products. Uses a variety of process
control technology

Technology Pyramid Tree

 TECHNOLOGY PYRAMID
 - Illustrates the set of competencies for the engineers and technicians who design, build,
test, program and maintain automated production systems.

 TECHNOLOGY TREE
- This provides a hierarchical list of the software and devices that are used in automation
systems in industries.

Technology Tree
 TROUBLESHOOTING

 TROUBLESHOOTER

- A skilled person employed to locate trouble or make repairs on machinery or technical

equipment.

 TROUBLESHOOTING

- The intricate process used to solve problems.

- The process is predominantly mental, but the use of equipment and manipulation of
mechanical objects is often necessary.

 TROUBLESHOOTING PROBLEM

- A situation in which an answer, solution or decision is not immediately apparent, but

may be found with a logical methodology that often has an intuitive component.

MISCONCEPTION IN TROUBLESHOOTING
 Troubleshooting is just a simple multi-step process that can be memorized.

 Copying the methods by other troubleshooters is a good way of troubleshooting.

 Good troubleshooters should be able to spot the problem or trouble immediately.

  Good troubleshooters are always busy measuring something while they search for the
fault.

 Good troubleshooting skills are inherited and cannot be learned.

 Multiple system failures are common.

BRACKETING
 Used with the block diagram.
 A technique that uses external markers to identify the portion of the system block
diagram in which the fault exists

SIGNAL FLOW AND ANALYSIS

 Two groups:

1. POWER – describes how power is delivered to all the components of the system.
2. INFORMATION – describes how data flows from the source to destination.
INFORMATION FUNNELING
 The wide part describes that the fault tends to be more general.

TROUBLESHOOTING SEQUENCE
1. Define the problem.
2. Decide what needs to be tested.
3. Decide what type of test to perform.
4. Correct the problems.
5. Verify correct operations.
6. Determine the cause of the failure.

SELF-CHECK ASSESSMENT

Direction: Make a personal impression through reflection paper regarding the

technological development of electronics and its usefulness in Industrial Control and
Production. Write your answer on the piece of paper, take a photo of it and send it our
google classroom (BSELT EY 42- Industrial Electronics Applications).