CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the writer presents in detail about the research method that

was used in this study. It was divived into some chapters, those are research

design, research object, technique of data collection and teqhnique of data

analysis.

3.1 Research Design

This research applies the qualitative research. Nurgiyantoro (2007) defines

that “a qualitative as the procedures of a study, which is studying the result of

literary works and must be synchronized with research found in the reality of the

novel text”. According to Sugiyono (2005), “The descriptive is a method that is

used to describe or analyze research results but is not used to make broader”.

While, Bungin (2008) stated that “qualitative study focuses on describing and

analyzing a phenomenom, social activity, perception, belief, individual and

thought”.

Based on the explanation above, the writer conclude that qualitative

research is research that describes and analyzes a work with the results found in

accordance with existing realities.

According on the writer was purpose, it can be understand that the writer

wiil use qualitative method of literature study technique to take the data and the

writer will take the data from “Totto-Chan, The Little Girl at The Window” novel.

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3.2 Research Object

The source of the data is primarily taken from Tetsuko Kuroyanagi’s

novel, “Totto-Chan, The Little Girl at The Window”. Which the novel it was

obtained by downloading one of a site that is on the internet, namely at

http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/Tottochan.pdf. Initially, the novel

published in Japan as a series of articles in the Young Woman Kodansha magazine

that appeared from February 1979 to December 1980. The article tells about the

author's childhood life experiences with those around her when she was in

elementary school, then the articles were collected into a book that made Japanese

publishing history by selling more than 5 million before the end of 1982. Which

was finally translated into English by Dorothy Britton was published in America

in 1984 with 63 chapters and 107 pages. This book has been translated into a

number of languages, including Indonesian.

After the novel was published, Tetsuko Kuroyanagi as a writer, was

visited by many directors to produce her novel through various media, but she

rejected it on the grounds that readers who had read the novel had made their own

shadows about the characters in the novel.

3.3 Technique of Data Collection

Before collecting the data, the writer had read the novel closely and

Cautiously . Then the writer will take note and quote any phrase or sentence that

supports data analysis. The data needed in this study are all expressions, phrases
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and statements in the novel. Data collected from sources are mainly the novel

Totto-chan.

Research data is collected by doing out the following steps:

1. Read the novel twice or more to understand the novel's content.

2. Conduct research focus, namely the teaching strategies applied by the

teacher in the Totto-chan novel.

3. Make Report the data selected through the novel based on the day and date

the results are found, page layout, data of teaching strategies and types of

teaching strategies.

3.4 Technique of Data Analysis

After completing data collection, the writer will analyze the data provided

using the mall and humberteri theory (2003), this step of analyzing the data are :

1. Exploring and categorizing teaching strategies from the novel

Categorizing data refers to the process of selecting data that appears in the

research object. In this case, the writer chooses data based on the topic, namely

the types of teaching strategies in novel Totto-Chan, The Little Girl At The

Window "Novel By Tetsuko Kuroyanagi.

2. Interpret the relationship between teaching strategies in the novel with

education

The strategies that have been obtained in the novel along with the types and

data, then the next step is to interpret the relationship of teaching strategies with

the world of education.

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3. Concluding data analysis

After categorizing and interpreting the data, the writer will give a

conclusion to complete the final project. In writing the results of the analysis, the

writer will use a descriptive method. That requires description and interpretation

of data. In this thesis, the author will use descriptive analysis to link the analysis

of the teaching strategies used in the novel along with its type and then what are

the effects of teaching strategies for children.

The technique of data collection as shown in the following table :

An Analysis of Teaching Strategies for Children in “Totto-Chan, The

Little Girl At The Window” Novel By Tetsuko Kuroyanagi

Day/date Pages Data of Teaching Types of Teaching

No
Strategies Strategies
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
....