Code: ECE 102

Engineering Electromagnetics
Dr. S. Ayyappan
Department of Physics, SEEE.

9445483531
ayyappan@phy.sastra.ac.in
 Syllabus
• Unit – 1
• Electrostatics and Magnetostatics
• Coulomb's and Biot-Savart Law (basically Force)
• Electric Field
• Electric Potential
• Maxwell’s Equations
• Gauss’s Law (Static and dynamic)
• Ampere’s Law
• Free space and Medium
• Boundary Conditions
• Static and Dynamic of charge (I)
• Problems (as Assignments and Quiz)
 Syllabus
• Unit – 2
• Part – 1: Time varying fields
• EM Induction
• Faraday’s Law
• Type of EMF
• Displacement Current
• Time harmonics
• Maxwell’s equation
• Poynting’s theorem
• Part – 2: Wave Propagation
• Free Space
• Dielectric
• Lossy
• Lossless
• Conductor
• Reflection of Plane wave
• Normal
• Oblique
 Syllabus
• Unit – III
• Course Outcomes
• Transmission line
• Line Equation • Static and dynamic fields
• Lossless • Application of wave propagation
• Distortion less
• Input Impedance and SWR • unbounded
• Smith Chart • bounded medium
• Unit – IV • Characteristics of
• Waveguides • TL
• TE, TM Modes
• Losses in wave guide • WG
Books:
1. W.H. Hayt Jr and John A. Buck “Eng. Electromagnetics”
2. David K. Cheng “Field and wave electromagnetics”
3. M.N.O. Sadiku “Principles of Electromagnetics”
 Basic Requirement
• Vectors
• Co-ordinates
• Types: Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical
• Length
• Area
• Volume
• Dot and Cross product (Physical meaning)
• Divergence
• Curl
• Identities
• Integral
• Gauss-Divergence Theorem
• Stokes Theorem
 Physical Qty.
• Scalar Scalar Vector
• Only Magnitude Distance Displacement
Speed Velocity
Mass Weight
• Vector Energy Acceleration
• Both Magnitude and direction Density Force
Time Momentum
Length, Area, Volume Pressure
Charge Current
Energy Acceleration
 Cartesian Co-ordinate
= + + ̂
= + + Z

Differential Length = + + ̂

Y
Differential Surface = X
̂ z
Differential volume =
x y
Cylindrical co-ordinates
̅= + + ̂

dj
r
dφ is not independent
qty. & that depends on
the ρ
= + + ̂
Spherical Polar co-ordinates

dj

rsinq

At q = p/2

Radius alone independent qty

 Dot product

A.B = AB cos q

• Projection of a vector over the other

• Scalar
• Norm
A A

q
q q
B A B
B
 Cross Product
A.B = AB sin q

• Vector Qty
• Screw direction
• Results Area
A

B
• A.(BXC) AXB = X Y Z
• AX(BXC) Ax Ay Az
Bx By Bz

• Properties:

A.B = B.A
AXB = - BXA
A.(B+C) = A.B + A.C
A.A = |A|2 AX(BXC) not equal to AX(BXC)

AXA =0
 Divergence
• Slope in 3D
• Example: smoke movement in a room Y = f(x)

• ∇= + + ̂
Slope = dy/dx
x
• ∇. = + +
• Definition:

Positive Negative Zero

Divergence

Cartesian Coordinate

Cylindrical Coordinate

Spherical Coordinate

∇. = 0 means?
 Curl of a Vector

∇ = 0, then say about A vector?

 Gauss-Divergence theorem

∇⋅ ̅ = ̅⋅
A
• Relates volume to surface integral
• LHS: divergence of A over a volume
• RHS: Flux through the closed surface

• Demonstration.
• If ∇ ⋅ ̅ = 0,

• ∫ ∇⋅ ̅ =∮ ̅⋅ =0

• A is said to be Solenoidal or divergenceless

• ∇⋅∇ =0

• A can be written in terms of another vector F

• Eg. Magnetic field and Steady currents

 Stoke’s theorem

̅⋅ = ∇ ̅ ⋅

LHS: Circulation of a vector over a closed path

RHS: curl of a vector A over the open space S bounded by L

• If a vector is irrotational , ∇ =0

• From Stoke’s theorem ∮ ̅ ⋅ = ∇ ̅ ⋅ =0

• Implies Conservative field as the line integral is independent of path

• Eg. Electrostatics and gravitational fields

• ∇×∇ =0 ℎ = −∇ , where v is a scalar qty.