Buildsafe Consultants, Ahmedabad

Prepared by JIGNESH
Job : MGL KARJAT CNG STATION Note No: 38-RW-0
Checked by G.B. MISTRY

Title : Design of RCC Retaining Wall - 5.50 mt Ht. Date 25-Aug-21 Revision: R0

1.1 Introduction

This report pertains to design of RCC Retaining Wall . The Retaining wall foundation is proposed at 1.50 m below the existing
Ground Level considering the SBC of 20 t/m². The same shall be confirmed during execution. This portion pertains to design
of wing wall at maximum height.

2.0 Material

Grade of Concrete : 25 Mpa

Reinforcement 500 Mpa

Density of water 1.0 t/m3

Properties for Backfill Soil : Density (Dry) 2.0 t/m3 (assumed)

(Saturated) 2.1 t/m3 (assumed)
(Submerged) 1.1 t/m3
Angle of internal friction f 30

3.0 Load Calculation

3.1 Dead Loads

The dead loads are estimated using the section area and the appropriate density. For the same the following are adopted.

RCC = 2.5 t/m3

Soil = 2.0 t/m3

3.2 Super Imposed Dead Loads

For the retaining walls Imposed loads are due to the soil

3.3 Live loads

Effect of live load surcharge on retaining structures is considered as a surcharge loading of 0.6m height of soil.

3.4 Lateral Pressure due to Soil

The active earth pressure is estimated by using the soil parameters. The coefficient for active earth pressure calculated for a
soil of angle of internal friction as 30 degree,

f = 30 o

b = 88.3 o

a = 0 o

Ka = 0.310 d = 20.00 o
 Buildsafe Consultants, Ahmedabad
Prepared by JIGNESH
Job : MGL KARJAT CNG STATION Note No: 38-RW-0
Checked by G.B. MISTRY

Title : Design of RCC Retaining Wall - 5.50 mt Ht. Date 25-Aug-21 Revision: R0

4.0 Analysis

0.45 Stem bottom thickness = 0.60 m

0.0
Stem top thickness = 0.45 m

Toe end thickness = 0.45 m

3.50
Filling Toe length = 0.10 m
5.00 f = 30
Heel end thickness = 0.45 m

Heel length = 3.20 m

0.45 0.0 1.50 Thichness of = 0.60 m

D' D E E' base below stem
0.15
-0.176
0.576

0.6

0.45 0.45
2.683 -0.417 A

3.20 0.60 0.10

3.90

D' D E E'
160.46

-4.10
192.17

228.97

260.68

235.10 kN/m2

BASE PRESSURE DIAGRAM - SLS CONDITION

4.1 Load Calculations :

(All loads are for 1 meter length)

1 Self weight of wall = Rectangle part + Triangle part

(a) Wall rectangle = 0.45 x ( 3.5 + 1.5 ) x 25 = 56.25 kN

(b) Wall tri angle Right side = 1/2 x 0.000 x ( 3.5 + 1.5 ) x 25 = 0.00 kN
Left side = 1/2 x 0.15 x ( 3.5 + 1.5 ) x 25 = 9.38 kN

2 Self weight of foundation slab

(a) Toe weight = 0.1 x ( 0.6 + 0.45 )/2 x 25 = 1.31 kN

(b) Portion below stem = 0.6 x 0.6 x 25 = 9.00 kN

(c) Heel weight = 3.2 x ( 0.6 + 0.45 )/2 x 25 = 42.00 kN

3 Wt. of soil on Heel = 3.2 x 5 x 20 = 320.00 kN

= 0.5 x 0.15 x 5 x 20 = 7.50 kN
 Buildsafe Consultants, Ahmedabad
Prepared by JIGNESH
Job : MGL KARJAT CNG STATION Note No: 38-RW-0
Checked by G.B. MISTRY

Title : Design of RCC Retaining Wall - 5.50 mt Ht. Date 25-Aug-21 Revision: R0
= 0.5 x 3.2 x 0.15 x 20 = 4.80 kN
= 0.5 x 10.24 x 20 x 0 = 0.00 kN

4 Wt. of soil on Toe = 0.1 x 1.5 x 20 = 0.00 kN

= 0.5 x 0.1 x 0.15 x 20 = 0.15 kN
= 0.5 x 1.5 x 0 x 20 = 0.00 kN

5 Surcharge Load = 0.6 x 3.35 x 20 = 0.00 kN

6 Earth Pressure Active Pressure = 1/2 x 0.310 x 20 x 5.6^2 = 97.25 kN

Live Load Surcharge +(0.310 x 20 x 5.6 + 0.6) = 38.45 kN
= 115.86 kN

5.0 PART : I : STABILITY CALCULATIONS

(All moments are @ A shown in Fig.)

Clockwise moments : (-)ve Anticlockwise moment : (+)ve

Factored Distance of Factored BM @

Safety Weight BM @ "A "
Part Description Weight c.g. from "A" "A "
Factor
(kN) (kN) (m) (kNm) (kNm)
1 a Wall : Rectangle 0.90 56.25 50.63 0.325 18.28 16.45
b : Left Triangle 0.90 9.38 8.44 0.600 5.63 5.06
c : Right Triangle 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.100 0.00 0.00
2 Self weight of foundation slab
a Toe Weight 0.90 1.31 1.18 0.052 0.07 0.06
b Portion below stem 0.90 9.00 8.10 0.400 3.60 3.24
c Heel Weight 0.90 42.00 37.80 2.224 93.40 84.06
3 Wt. of Soil on heel
a Rectangular portion 0.90 320.00 288.00 2.300 736.00 662.40
b Tri. Portion at stem 0.90 7.50 6.75 0.650 4.88 4.39
c Tri. Portion at heel 0.90 4.80 4.32 2.833 13.60 12.24
d Tri. Portion for filling 0.90 0.00 0.00 2.833 0.00 0.00
4 Wt. of Soil on Toe
a Rectangular portion 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00
b Tri. Portion at stem 0.90 0.15 0.14 0.000 0.00 0.00
c Tri. Portion at toe 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00
5 Earth Pressure 1.50 97.25 145.88 2.100 -204.23 -306.34
1.20 38.45 46.14 2.500 -96.13 -115.35
Total Vertical Load (1 to 5) 450.39 405.35
Factored Restoring Moment = 787.91 kN.m Restoring Moment = 875.45 kN.m
( 1 to 5) ( 1 to 5)
Factored Overturning Moment = -421.69 kN.m Overturning Moment = -300.35 kN.m

5.1 Safety Against Overturning

F.S. = Restoring Moment / Overturning Moment = 787.91 / 421.69 = 1.87 > 1.0 Safe

5.2 Check for min.m eccentricity and max.m stress at base

875.45 - 300.36
Re sul tant Moment@toe
Lever arm for resultant force = x=å = = 1.28 m
VerticalLoad 450.39

Bw
e = −x
2
 Buildsafe Consultants, Ahmedabad
Prepared by JIGNESH
Job : MGL KARJAT CNG STATION Note No: 38-RW-0
Checked by G.B. MISTRY

Title : Design of RCC Retaining Wall - 5.50 mt Ht. Date 25-Aug-21 Revision: R0
3.9
Bw
Eccentricity of Resultant Load = e = −x = - 1.28 = 0.67 m
2 2

Pressure under the base = P=

åW æç 1 ± 6e ö
÷
ç Bw ÷ø
Bw è
5.3 Check for Base Pressure

Gross SBC = 2.1 x 20 + 200 = 242 kN/m2

Max. Stress = 235.1 kN/m2 Min. Stress = -4.1 kN/m2

< 242 kN/m2 Hence O.K. < 0 kN/m2 Un Adequate

5.4 Safety Against Sliding

Total Hori. Earth pressure per metre of wall = 192.02 kN

Max. possible friction = m x Total Vertical Load

= 0.50 x 405.35 = 202.67 kN

F.O.S. = Total Ver. Load x m / Hori. Load = 405.35 x 0.50 / 192.02

= 1.06 > 1.00 Safe

6.0 PART : II : DESIGN OF VARIOUS COMPONENTS

(All moments are @ A shown in Fig.)

Clockwise moments : (-)ve Anticlockwise moment : (+)ve
Factored Distance of Factored BM @
Safety Weight BM @ "A "
Part Description Weight c.g. from "A" "A "
Factor
(kN) (kN) (m) (kNm) (kNm)
1 a Wall : Rectangle 1.35 56.25 75.94 0.325 18.28 24.68
b : Left Triangle 1.35 9.38 12.66 0.600 5.63 7.59
c : Right Triangle 1.35 0.00 0.00 0.100 0.00 0.00
2 Self weight of foundation slab
a Toe Weight 1.35 1.31 1.77 0.052 0.07 0.09
b Portion below stem 1.35 9.00 12.15 0.400 3.60 4.86
c Heel Weight 1.35 42.00 56.70 2.224 93.40 126.09
3 Wt. of Soil on heel 1.50 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00
a Rectangular portion 1.50 320.00 480.00 2.300 736.00 1104.00
b Tri. Portion at stem 1.50 7.50 11.25 0.650 4.88 7.31
c Tri. Portion at heel 1.50 4.80 7.20 2.833 13.60 20.40
d Tri. Portion for filling 1.50 0.00 0.00 2.833 0.00 0.00
4 Wt. of Soil on Toe 1.50 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00
a Rectangular portion 1.50 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00
b Tri. Portion at stem 1.50 0.15 0.23 0.000 0.00 0.00
c Tri. Portion at toe 1.50 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00
5 Surcharge Load 1.20 0.00 0.00 2.375 0.00 0.00
5 Earth Pressure 1.50 97.25 145.88 2.100 -204.23 -306.34
1.20 38.45 46.14 2.500 -96.13 -115.35
Total Vertical Load (1 to 5) 450.39 657.89
Factored Restoring Moment = 1295.03 kN.m Factored Overturning Moment = -421.69 kN.m
( 1 to 4)
 Buildsafe Consultants, Ahmedabad
Prepared by JIGNESH
Job : MGL KARJAT CNG STATION Note No: 38-RW-0
Checked by G.B. MISTRY

Title : Design of RCC Retaining Wall - 5.50 mt Ht. Date 25-Aug-21 Revision: R0

6.1 Check for min.m eccentricity and max.m stress at base

1,295.03 - 421.7
Re sul tant Moment@toe
Lever arm for resultant force = x=å = = 1.33 m
VerticalLoad 657.89

3.9
Bw
Eccentricity of Resultant Load = e = −x = - 1.33 = 0.62 m
2 2

Pressure under the base = P=

åW æç 1 ± 6e ö
÷
ç Bw ÷ø
Bw è
D' E'
Max. Stress = 330.25 kN/m2

229.42
7.13

330.25
364.8
Min. Stress = 7.13 kN/m2

6.2 1 ANALYSIS OF STEM

BASE PRESSURE DIAGRAM - ULS CONDITION
A) AT BASE OF STEM :

Moment due to active earth pressure Hori. Earth pressure due to live load surcharge

M1 @ 'h' = 0.5 x 0.42 x 0.310 x 20 x 5^3 Live Load Surcharge

= 162.81 kN.m = 0.310 x 20 x 0.6 x 5 = 18.61 kN/m2
= 0.310 x 20 x 0.6 x 2.5 = 9.3 kN/m2
M1 @ 'h/2' = 0.5 x 0.42 x 0.310 x 20 x 2.5^3 Moment
= 20.35 kN.m M2 @ 'h' = 18.61 x 5 /2
= 46.52 kN.m
M2 @ 'h/2' = 9.30 x 2.5 /2
= 11.63 kN.m
Total moment = 162.81 + 46.52 = 209.33 kN.m At Ht 'h'
Total moment = 20.35 + 11.63 = 31.98 kN.m At Ht 'h/2'

Ultimate Factored Bending Moment @ 'h' = 1.5 x 162.811 + 1.2 x 46.517

300.04 kN.m
Ultimate Factored Bending Moment @ 'h1' = 1.5 x 20.351 + 1.2 x 11.629
44.48 kN.m
Check for Shear

Shear due to active earth pressure Shear due to live load surcharge

P1 = 0.5 x 0.310 x 20 x 4.483 ^2 P2 = 0.310 x 20 x 0.6 x 4.483

= 62.32 kN = 18.09 kN
Total shear = 62.32 + 18.09 = 80.41 kN

Ultimate Factored Shear Force = 115.20 kN

6.3 2 ANALYSIS OF TOE SLAB

Upward Pressure at "E" = -4.10 + [ ( 235.10 - -4.10 )/ 3.9 x ( 3.8 ) ] = 228.97 kN/m2

B.M. about "E" = (0.5 x (235.1-228.97) x 0.1 x 2 /3 x 0.1) + (228.97 x 0.1 x 0.1 / 2)
(due to Pressure)
= 1.17 kN.m
 Buildsafe Consultants, Ahmedabad
Prepared by JIGNESH
Job : MGL KARJAT CNG STATION Note No: 38-RW-0
Checked by G.B. MISTRY

Title : Design of RCC Retaining Wall - 5.50 mt Ht. Date 25-Aug-21 Revision: R0

Down ward B.M. at "E" = ( 1.3125 x 0.05 ) = 0.06 kN.m

(due to Self wt))

SLS Bending Moment = 1.1 kN.m

Upward Pressure at "E" = 7.13 + [ ( 330.25 - 7.13 )/ 3.9 x ( 3.8 ) ] = 321.96 kN/m2

B.M. about "E" = (0.5 x (330.25-321.96) x 0.1 x 2 /3 x 0.1) + (321.96 x 0.1 x 0.1 / 2)
(due to Pressure)
= 1.6 kN.m

Down ward B.M. at "E" = 1.35 x 1.3125 x 0.05 = 0.08 kN.m

(due to Self wt))

ULS Bending Moment = 1.5 kN.m

Check for Shear

Shear due to base pressure Shear due to self wt. & soil

P1 = 0.5 x ( 260.68 + 235.10 ) x -0.417 P2 = (0.45+-0.176)/2 x -0.417 x 25 = -1.43

= -103.37 kN 0.5 x 0.15 x -0.417 x 20 = -0.63
-2.06 kN
Total SLS shear = -103.37 - -2.06 = -101.31 kN

shear due to base pressure shear due to self wt.

P1 = 0.5 x ( 364.80 + 330.25 ) x -0.417 P2 = -1.43 x 1.35 = -1.93
= -144.92 kN -0.63 x 1.50 = -0.95
-2.88 kN
Total ULS shear = -144.92 - -2.88 = -142.04 kN

6.4 3 ANALYSIS OF HEEL SLAB

Upward Pressure at "D" = -4.10 + [ ( 235.10 - -4.10 )/ 3.9 x ( 3.2 ) ] = 192.17 kN/m2

B.M. at "D" = (0.5 x(192.17--4.1) x 3.2 x 3.2 / 3)+(-4.1 x 3.2 x 3.2/2) = 313.97547 kN.m
(due to Pressure)

Down ward B.M. at "D" = ( 42 x 1.52 ) = 64.00 kN.m

(due to Self wt))

Down ward B.M. at "D" = ( 320 x 1.60 ) = 512.00 kN.m

(due to Soil))
= ( 4.8 x 2.13 ) = 10.24 kN.m

( 0 x 2.13 ) = 0.00 kN.m

SLS B.M. at "D" = 272.26

313.975466666667 - 64.00 - 512.00 -=10.24 kN.m

Upward Pressure at "D" = 7.13 + [ ( 330.25 - 7.13 )/ 3.9 x ( 3.2 ) ] = 272.25 kN/m2
"D'" = 7.13 + [ ( 330.25 - 7.13 )/ 3.9 x ( 2.683 ) ] = 229.42 kN/m2

B.M. at "D" = (0.5 x(272.25-7.13) x 3.2 x 3.2 / 3)+(7.13 x 3.2 x 3.2/2) = 488.97707 kN.m
(due to Pressure)
 Buildsafe Consultants, Ahmedabad
Prepared by JIGNESH
Job : MGL KARJAT CNG STATION Note No: 38-RW-0
Checked by G.B. MISTRY

Title : Design of RCC Retaining Wall - 5.50 mt Ht. Date 25-Aug-21 Revision: R0

Down ward B.M. at "D" = 1.35x( 42 x 1.52 ) = 86.40 kN.m

(due to Self wt))

Down ward B.M. at "D" = 1.5 x ( 320 x 1.60 ) = 768.00 kN.m

(due to Soil))
= 1.5 x ( 4.8 x 2.13 ) = 15.36 kN.m

= 1.5 x ( 0 x 2.13 ) = 0.00 kN.m

ULS B.M. at "D" = 488.977066666667 - 86.4 - 768 - 15.36 = 380.78 kN.m

Check for Shear

Shear due to base pressure Shear due to self wt., soil, LL surcharge etc.

P1 = 0.5 x ( 160.46 + -4.10 ) x 2.683 P2 = (0.45+0.576) / 2 x 2.683 x 25 = 34.41

= 209.76 kN (5.15+5.024)/2 x 2.683 x 20 = 272.97
307.38 kN
Total SLS shear = 209.76 - 307.38 = 97.62 kN

Shear due to base pressure Shear due to self wt., soil

P1 = 0.5 x ( 229.42 + 7.13 ) x 2.683 P2 = 34.41 x 1.35 = 46.45

= 317.33 kN = 272.97 x 1.50 = 409.45
455.90 kN
Total ULS shear = 317.33 - 455.90 = 138.57 kN

Basic ULS Combinations SLS Rare Combinations

Moment (MY) Shear (VED) Moment (MY) Shear (VED)

kNm kN kNm kN

Stem Wall 300.04 115.20 209.33 80.41

Toe Slab 1.52 -142.04 1.11 -101.31

Heel Slab 380.78 138.57 272.26 97.62

7.0 Sample Calculation for Heel Slab Design

Check for Depth

M u 3.81E+08
= = 303.1 mm < 517.0 mm
0 . 1658 f ck b 0.1658x25x1000 Hence O.K.

Main Reinforcement Calculation

0.5 fck bd æç 4.6M u ö÷

Ast,req = 1− 1− mm2
fy ç fck bd 2 ÷ø
= 1822.5
è
 Buildsafe Consultants, Ahmedabad
Prepared by JIGNESH
Job : MGL KARJAT CNG STATION Note No: 38-RW-0
Checked by G.B. MISTRY

Title : Design of RCC Retaining Wall - 5.50 mt Ht. Date 25-Aug-21 Revision: R0

fctm = 2.5 for M 25

Min. area of steel required = 0.0013 bt d & 0.26 fctm bt d/fy for max. thickness
= 672.10 mm2

Min. area of steel required = 0.0013 bt d & 0.26 fctm bt d/fy for avg. thickness
= 574.60 mm2

Distribution Reinforcement Calculation

Min. area of steel required = 0.25 Ast or 0.001Ac

600.00 2
= mm

Provide 16 dia. at 100 mm c/c

+ 0 dia. at 100 mm c/c Ast Provided = 2010.62 mm2 at earth face

Provide 16 dia. at 230 mm c/c

+ 0 dia. at 230 mm c/c Ast Provided = 874.18 mm2 at other face

Distribution steel on each face = 600.00 x 0.5 = 300.00 mm2

2
Provide 10 dia. at 150 mm c/c Ast Provided = 523.33 mm

= 197.96 kN = 1.62

> 138.57 kN Hence OK r1 = 0.39 %

8.0 Summery of Design

Main Reinforcement Dist. Reinforcement
Ult. Moment
dreq dpro Req. R/F Provided Main R/F Provided Distribution
(MY) Ast,req Check
(Ast,req) (Ast,pro) R/F (Ast,pro)

kNm mm mm mm2 Dia. Spacing mm2 mm2 Dia. Spacing mm2

at 16 f@ 135 10 f@ 150
Stem Wall

Ht 300 269 517 1412 1489 300 524 SAFE

'h' 0 f@ 300 0 f@ 150

at
'h/2'
44 104 442 575 10 f@ 150 524

Toe Slab 2 19 517 672

16 f@ 150
1340 300
10 f@ 150
524 SAFE
0 f@ 150 0 f@ 150
Heel
381 303 517 1822
16 f@ 100
2011 300
10 f@ 150
524 SAFE
Slab 0 f@ 100 0 f@ 150

Subj. Shear dpro Allow. Shear

(VED) r K
(VRD,c)
At d Depth Check

kNm % mm kN
Stem
115.20 0.29 584.00 1.62 202.59 SAFE
Wall

Toe Slab -142.04 0.26 -259.00 1.62 -82.93 SAFE

Heel
138.57 0.39 493.00 1.62 188.82 SAFE
Slab