Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Propeller Cavitation
Alexandria University
EGL
V12
HGL 2g
HGL
p4 p1
z4 0
z1 0
V4 V2 V1
2/13/2012 4 3 2 1
2
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
V4
V1
V2 z2 0 z1 0
4 3 2 1
2/13/2012 3
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
P2/γ above the system centerline (above atmosphere +ve gage pressure)
P2/ γ drops to system centerline (atmosphere zero gage pressure)
P2/ γ falls below the system centerline (sub atmosphere -ve gage pressure)
2/13/2012 4
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
EGL
V12
V22
2g
2g
HGL
p2 p1
V4
V1
V2 z2 0 z1 0
4 3 2 1
2/13/2012 5
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
2/13/2012 6
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
Types of cavitation
Sheet
Bubble
Cloud
Tip vortex
Hub vortex
2/13/2012 7
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
Conclusion:
Cavitation should be avoided by proper design of propeller and proper operation
2/13/2012 8
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
Effect on thrust
coefficient
KT
Cavitating Propeller
2/13/2012 9
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
Effect on propeller
efficiency
h0
Non Cavitating Propeller
Cavitating Propeller
2/13/2012 10
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
PA ( h r ) Pv
define s as cavitation number VA
M arg in against cavitation
(r )
Dynamic pressure r
h
R RPM
P (h r ) Pv
(r ) A
0.5V R2
Thrust
At 0.7R blade section r
PA (h r ) Pv
(0.7 R )
0.5V R2
0. 7 R
2/13/2012 11
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
Alexandria University
EAR
(1.3 0.3Z )T k
( p A h pv )D 2
where
T thrust
Z number of propeller blades
PA atmosheric pressure
PV vapour pressure
h propeller centerline immersion
k constant varying from 0 (for transom stern naval vessels) to 0.2
(for high powered single screw vessels)
2/13/2012 13
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
Example: The propeller in the previous example was designed using B4.40 propeller
series chart. It is required to Check whether this propeller will or will not cavitate. Use :
1- Keller criterion.
2- Burril cavitation chart
Vs=21 knots
7.5 m
RT=888.64 kN
2/13/2012 14
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
2/13/2012 15
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
Solution
V A V (1 w) 10.8(1 0.2) 8.64m / s
EAR
(1.3 0.3 * 4)1044.9 *1000 0.2 0.633
(98 *1000 1025* 9.81* 7.5 1.72 *1000)5.962
Hence, the used blade area is not enough to avoid cavitation
2/13/2012 16
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
0.5V0.7 R
2
Patm (h 0.7 R ) Pv
0 .7 R
0.5V02.7 R
V02.7 R V A (0.7R )
2 2
V02.7 R V A (0.7R )
2 2
2 * * 102
2
V02.7 R 8.642 0.7 * * 2.96 564.47m 2 / s 2
60
2/13/2012 17
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
Patm (h 0.7 R ) Pv
0.7 R
0.5V02.7 R
98 * 1000 1025* 9.81(7.5 0.7 * 2.98) 1.72 * 1000
0.7 R
0.5 * 1025* 564.47
0.7 R 0.1446
0.32 ِCavitati
(TAb )
on
0.2533 0.03892ln( 0.7 R )
2 ِ
0.5V0.7 R
2 T AP
Limit
1
(TAb ) VR2
0.2533 0.03892ln(0.1446) 0.0317 2
2
(TAb )
(T Ab )
0.5V02.7 R 0.5V02.7 R PA (h 0.7 R ) Pv
actual lim it
0.144 0.7 R
Hence Cavitation will take place 1
VR2
2 0.7 R
2/13/2012 18
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
Bubble cavitation
2/13/2012 19
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
Alexandria University
2/13/2012 21
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
2/13/2012 22
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
2/13/2012 23
Ship Hydrodynamics-1
Alexandria University
2/13/2012 24