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TITLE: RO REJECT WATER STORAGE TANK

EQUIPMENT : ZINCALUME TANK

SPECIFICATION: AWWA 103-09,ASCE 7-05

TANK PROPERTIES

TANK DIAMETER, D : = 84.788 ft

TANK HEIGHT: = 32.013 ft (Taken)
FREE BOARD: = 1.994 ft (Taken)
OVERFLOW HEIGHT, H: = 30.019 ft

DESIGN CRITERIA

WIND LOADS

WIND VELOCITY: = 55 m/sec

EXPOSURE CATEGORY: = D
GUST FACTOR: = 1 (Taken)

SEISMIC DESIGN PARAMETERS

SEISMIC USE GROUP: = III (Taken)

IE: = 1.5 (Taken)
SITE CLASS(SOIL): = D (Taken)
Ss : = 1.75 (Taken)
S1: = 2 (Taken)
Fa : = 2 (Taken)
Fv: = 1.5 (Taken)

ROOF LOADING

ROOF LIVE LOAD : = 20 psf (Taken)

ROOF SNOW LOAD: = 25 psf (Taken)
ROOF SHEET DEAD LOAD: = 4.375 psf (Taken)
ROOF SUPPORTING STRUCTURE DEAD LOAD: = 0 psf (Taken)
INSULATION DEAD LOAD: = 0 psf (Taken)

LIQUID PROPERTIES:

LIQUID WT: = 62.4 lb/ft3

SPEC.GRAVITY: = 1

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:

WALL SHEET MATERIAL = ZINCALUME

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Fu = 370-420 Mpa
Fy = 310-340 Mpa

ROOF SHEET MATERIAL = ZINCALUME

Fy = 550 Mpa

STRUCTURAL MATERIAL = GI
Fy = psi

BOLTS = Hot Dipped Galvanized

GRADE = M-10 Grade 8.8
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Tank Diameter, D: = 84.788 ft

Tank Height = 32.013 ft
Free Board = 1.994 ft
Overflow Height, H: = 30.019 ft
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SHELL THICKNESS (AWWA D 103)

t req = 2.6HDSG /ft(S-dh) [ AWWA D 103 5.4]

ft = 0.6Fy(1.0-0.9r + 3rdb/s) ≤ 0.6Fy [ AWWA D 103 5.5.3]

t req= required shell plate thickness (in)

H= height of liquid from the top capacity line 9149.791 mm 30.019 ft

at the point of overflow to the bottom of
the shell course being designed (ft)

D= tank diameter (ft) 25843.38 mm 84.788 ft

S= bolt spacing perpendicular to the line of 181.3 mm 7.13779913 in

stress (in)

G= specific gravity of liquid (1.0 for water)

ft = allowable tensile stress (psi) 310 Mpa 44961.78 psi

dh= bolt hole diameter (in) 12 mm 0.4724412 in

r= Force transmitted by bolt(s) divided by Tensile force [ AWWA D 103 5.5.3]

Fy= Published minimum yield strength of the sheet,psi 44961.8 psi

Fu= Published minimum ultimate strength of the sheet,psi 53664.1 psi

db = diameter of bolt in inches 10 mm 0.393701 in

w= Density of liquid 62.5 lb/ft3

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Bolt
t req shell ht Fy(psi) Ft(psi)
Ring tactual(in) Material Fu(psi) r
(in) (ft)
thick Rows
R1 6 3+2 0.15762 30.019 0.2362205 ZincAlume 44961.8 53664 0 3779.5
R2 6 3+2 0.14039 26.73877 0.2362205 ZincAlume 44961.8 53664 0 3779.5
R3 4.8 3+2 0.12317 23.45854 0.1889764 ZincAlume 44961.8 53664 0 3779.5
R4 4.8 3+2 0.10595 20.17831 0.1889764 ZincAlume 44961.8 53664 0 3779.5
R5 4 3+2 0.08872 16.89808 0.1574803 ZincAlume 44961.8 53664 0 3779.5
R6 4 3+2 0.0715 13.61785 0.1574803 ZincAlume 44961.8 53664 0 3779.5
R7 3.2 3+2 0.05428 10.33762 0.1259843 ZincAlume 44961.8 53664 0 3779.5
R8 3.2 3+2 0.03706 7.05739 0.1259843 ZincAlume 44961.8 53664 0 3779.5
R9 2.4 3+2 0.01983 3.77716 0.0944882 ZincAlume 44961.8 53664 0 3779.5
R10 2.4 3+2 0.00261 0.49693 0.0944882 ZincAlume 44961.8 53664 0 3779.5

BOLT DESIGN (AWWA D 103)

Hoop Force = HWD/2

Bolt Root Diameter , dk = 0.4 in

Allowable Bearing ,Pallow,b = 1.35FYdboltt

Allowable shear ,Pallow,s = 0.25FuAts

Ultimate Tensile Stress Bolt, Fu, bolt

n = Number of Bolt Threads per Inch = 17 threads /in

Ats = 0.78584(d - 0.9743 / n)2 = 0.089 in2

Minimum Edge Distance, smin = P / 0.6 Fyt [D 103 Eq 5-3]

Edge Distance, S = 2 in

Bolt Hoop Bearing Shear Min

shell ht
Ring Force Pallow,b (lb) Pallow,s (lb) EdgeDist.
(ft)
thick Rows (lb/ft) (in)
R1 6 3+2 30.019 79539.1 5644.97 1194.026 0.89 OK
R2 6 3+2 26.7388 79539.1 5644.97 1194.026 0.89 OK
R3 4.8 3+2 23.4585 79539.1 4515.97 1194.026 0.89 OK
R4 4.8 3+2 20.1783 79539.1 4515.97 1194.026 0.89 OK

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R5 4 3+2 16.8981 79539.1 3763.31 1194.026 0.89 OK
R6 4 3+2 13.6179 79539.1 3763.31 1194.026 0.89 OK
R7 3.2 3+2 10.3376 79539.1 3010.65 1194.026 0.89 OK
R8 3.2 3+2 7.05739 79539.1 3010.65 1194.026 0.89 OK
R9 2.4 3+2 3.77716 79539.1 2257.99 1194.026 0.89 OK
R10 2.4 3+2 0.49693 79539.1 2257.99 1194.026 0.89 OK

DESIGN WIND PRESSURE (AWWA SEC 15.1)

PW = qZGCF > 30Cf [ AWWA D 103 SEC 15.1]

P W= Wind Pressure applied to projected area on vertical plane in psf

G= Gust effect factor ,shall be taken as 1 = 1

Cf = Force coefficent(see table 9) = 0.6

qz= Velocity pressure at height z of the centroid (psf) =

where qz = 0.00256KzIV2

KZ = Velocity pressure exposure coefficient at height Z = 1.43

of the centroid (Table 10)

Exposure = D

Z= Height above finished grade (ft) = 42

I= Wind importance factor = 1.15

V= Basic wind speed in miles / hr = 123.031

qz = in psf 63.723988576

PW = in psf 38.234393145

WIND OVERTURNING (AWWA D 103 SEC 5.9)

Pw = 4(Mw / Nd) - (W / N)

PW = Design tension force per anchor bolt for wind,lb

d= Diameter of anchor bolt circle, ft 85.3017

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N= number of anchor bolts 112

Mw = wind overturning moment, in ft-lb.

w= Total weight of tank shell, roof dead load reaction on shell &
permanent accessories available to resist uplift,lb.

w= Ws + 2/3 Wroof + 1/2 Wrftr + Wc

ws = Weight of shell in lb = 20700 kg 45643.5 lb

Wroof = Weight of roof in lb = 10000 kg 22050 lb

Wrftr = Weight of rafter in lb = 15000 kg 33075 lb

Wc = Weight of content in lb = 165209 lb

w= Total Wt. of Tank = 242090 lb

Mw = (PwDHshell2/2) = 1460666.398 ft-lb

PW = -8035 <0, NO UPLIFT

DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRA - GENERAL PROCEDURE

Site class: = D

Seismic important Factor IE: = 1.5

SS = 1.75 g(Mapped MCE Spectral response acceleration,

5% damped, at 0.2 period)

S1 = 2 g(Mapped MCE Spectral response acceleration,

5% damped, at 0.2 period)

Fa = Short Period Site Coefficient = 2

Fv = Long Period Site Coefficient = 1.5

SMS = FaSs (Eq 14-5) = 3.5 g(Site Specific MCE Spectral response acceleration
,5% damped, at 0.2 sec period)

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SM1 = FvS1 (Eq 14-6) = 3 g(Site Specific MCE Spectral response acceleration
,5% damped, at 0.2 sec period)

SDS= USMS (Eq 14-7) = 2.333 g(Design Aceleration,

5% damped, at 0.2 sec period)

SD1= USM1 (Eq 14-8) = 2 g(Design Acceleration,

5% damped, at 0.1 sec period)

U= 2/3

IMPULSIVE ACCELERATION

Sai = Design Spectral response acceleration for impulsive components,5 percent damped,
at the natural period of the structure T i

Ts = SD1/SDS (AWWA D103 SEC 14.2.7.3.1) = 0.86

TL = Region Dependent transition period for longer period = 8s

ground motion (Fig 19)

Ti = Natural Period of the Structure (0 as per SEC 14..3.1) = 0

Ri = Response Mod.Factor (Table 6 ) = 3

Rc = Response Mod.Factor (Table 6 ) = 1.5

For 0 < = Ti < = Ts (Eq. 14. 9)

Sai = SDS = 2.333 g

For Ts < Ti < TL (Eq. 14. 10)

Sai = SDS / Ti < = SDS = N/A

For Ti > TL (Eq. 14. 11)

Sai = TLSD1 / Ti2 = N/A

Ai = SaiIE / 1.0 Ri > = 0.36 S1IE / Ri (Eq.14-16.) = 1.1665 g

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CONVECTIVE ACCELERATION

Sac = Design Spectral response acceleration for Convective components,0.5 percent damped,
at the first mode sloshing wave period T c

Tc = First mode sloshing wave period

Tc = 2π x (D / 3.689 g x tanh (3.68 H / D)) 1/2 Eq.14-18. = 5.71

2*3.14*(i17/3.68*32.185*)

K= Damping scaling factor to convert from 5 percent = 1.5

to 0.5 percent damping

For Tc < = TL (Eq.14.12)

Sac = KSD1 / TC < = SDS = 0.53 g

Ac = SacIE / 1.4 Rc (Eq.14.17) = 0.38 g

SHELL WEIGHT

Shell Top Ring Wt. = 1338.664 = 2951.25 lb

Shell Ninth Ring Wt. = 1338.664 = 2951.25 lb
Shell Eight Ring Wt. = 1070.931 = 2361 lb
Shell seventh Ring Wt. = 1070.931 = 2361 lb
Shell sixth Ring Wt. = 892.4429 = 1967.5 lb
Shell Fifth Ring Wt. = 892.4429 = 1967.5 lb
Shell Fourth Ring Wt. = 892.4429 = 1967.5 lb
Shell Third Ring Wt. = 892.4429 = 1967.5 lb
Shell Second Ring Wt. = 892.4429 = 1967.5 lb
Shell Bottom Ring Wt. = 892.4429 = 1967.5 lb

Ws = Total Shell Wt. = 10173.85 = 22429.5 lb

ROOF STRUCTURE WEIGHT

Roof Structure Wt. = 10000 = 22046.2 lb

Total Rafter Wt. = 15000 = 33069.3 lb
Accessories Wt. = 2300 = 5070.63 lb

Wr = Total Roof & Rafter Wt. = 25000 = 55115.5 lb

SUMMARY OF DESIGN SEISMIC LOADS AWWA D103 sec14.3

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D/H = 2.82

Ai = Impulsive design acceleration = 1.1665 g

Ac = Convective design acceleration = 0.38 g

Ws = Total Weight of Tank Shell = 45643.5 lb

Wr = Weight of Roof & Rafter = 55115.5 lb

Wi = Weight of effective mass of tank contents that moves in

unison with the tank shellEffective impulse weight)in pounds

WT = Total weight of tank contents in pounds

Wi = (tanh(0.866 D/H) / (0.866 D/H))WT = 4258776.982 lb

WT = 49GHD2 = 10574530.231 lb

Wc = (0.230 D / H tanh(3.67 H/ D))WT = 5969958.2375 lb

Xi = 0.375H

Xi = Height from the bottom of the shell to the centroid of lateral seismic force
applied to the effective impulsive weight in feet.

Xi = = 11.26 ft

Xc = (1.0-(cosh(3.67H/D)-1)/((3.67H/D)sinh(3.67H/D))H) = 16.816725354 ft

XS = Height from the bottom of the shell to the centre of gravity = 14.432 ft
of the shell in feet

Ms = (Ai(WsXS + WrHt + WiXi))2 + (AcWcXc)2)1/2 = 63411246.787 ft-lb

Vf = Design Shear at the top of the Foundation due to horizontal

acceleration in pounds.

Vf = (Ai(Ws+Wr+Wf+Wi))2 + (AcWc)2)1/2

Wf = Total weight of tank bottom in pounds = 2680 lb

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Vf = = 5571315.8277 lb

J= Ms/D2(wt(1-0.4 Av) + wL)

J= Overturning ratio

wt = Weight of the tank shell and portion of the roof reaction on the
shell in pounds per foot of shell circumference. (Eq 14-37)

wL = Maximum resisting weight of tank contents in pounds per foot

of shell circumference,that may used to resist the shell
overturning moment (Eq 14.33).

Av = Vertical design acceleration(Sec.14.3.4.3), stated

as multiple of g.

wt = (Ws / 3.14D)+Wrs = 25896.5 p/f

Wrs = 2/3 Wr + 1/3 Wrftr = 25725 lb

Av = 0.14 SDS = 0.4 g

wL = 7.9tb(FyHG)1/2 ≤ 1.28 HDG = 2019.2 p/f

wL(max) = 1.28 HDG = 3258

tb = Design thickness of bottom annulus in inches = 0.22 in

Fy = Minimum specified yield strength of bottom annulus in psi = 44961.7

J= Ms/D2(wt(1-0.4 Av) + wL) = 0.372

For J < 0.785 , there is no shell uplift due to the overturning moment and the tank is self-anchored.

Tank is stable.Therefore no Mechanical Anchorage Required.

SHELL COMPRESSION AWWA D103 sec14.3.4.2

For J < 0.785

σc = (wt(1 + 0.4Av) + ( 1.273Ms / D2))1/12ts (Eq 14.35)

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σc = Maximum longitudinal shell compression stress,in psi

ts = Actual thickness of the bottom shell course less the specified = 0.3
corrosion allowance ,if any,in inches.

wt = Weight of the tank shell and portion of the roof reaction on th = 25896.5
shell in pounds per foot of shell circumference. (Eq 14-37)

σc = = 11463.485508 psi

ALLOWABLE COMPRESSIVE STRESS

fs = 15000(2/3)(100t/R)(2-(2/3)(100t/R)) ≤ 15000 (Eq 5.2)

fs = Allowable Compressive stress in psi

t= Shell thickness in inches = 0.1

R= Shell radius in inches = 508.8

fs = = 390.6 psi

HYDRODYNAMIC SEISMIC HOOP TENSILE STRESS

σs = (Ni2 + Nc2 + (NhAv)2) 0.5 / ts

Ni = Impulsive hoop tensile force, in psi

Nc = Convective hoop tensile force, in psi

Nh = Hydrostatic hoop tensile force, in psi

σT = Total combined hoop stress in shell, in psi

σs = Hydrodynamic hoop tensile stress, in psi

σh = Product hydrostatic hoop stress in stress, in psi

Ni = 4.5 AiGDH(Y/H - 0.5(Y/H)2)tanh(0.866 D/H) FOR D/ H ≥ 1.333

Y= Distance from MOL to the point under consideration in feet = 42 ft

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Ni = 5532.9 psi

Nc = (0.98AcGD2 cosh(3.68(H-Y) / D)) / cosh(3.68H/D) (Eq 14-42) = 2677.2 psi

Nh = 2.6 GYD = 9258.9 psi

σs = Hydrodynamic hoop tensile stress = 23920.5 psi

σh = Nh / ts = 30863 psi

σT = σs + σ h = 54783.5 psi

ALLOWABLE SHELL STRESS ( D103 Sec 14.3.4.2.4)

FOR SELF ANCHORED TANK

σe = 1.333(σa + ∆σcr/2)

σe = Seismic allowable longitudinal shell compression stress in psi

σa = Allowable compression stresss fs from Sec.5.4.2 in psi = 520.7

∆σcr = Critical buckling stress increases due to pressure in psi

∆Cc = Pressure stabilizing buckling coefficient

For P/E(R/t)2 ≤ 0.064

∆Cc = 0.045 ln(P/E(R/t)2 + 0.0018) + 0.194 ≤ 0.22

E= modulus of elasticity, 29,000,000 in psi

t= Actual thickness of the bottom shell course less the specified = 0.23622
corrosion allowance ,if any,in inches.

P= hydrostatic pressure at the point of consideration in psi = 13.48

R= radius of tank in inches = 508.857

ln = the natural logarithm function

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∆Cc = = 0.2

∆σcr = (∆CcEt / R) = 2692.5 psi

σe = 1.333(σa + ∆σcr/2) = 2488.7 psi

ANCHORAGE REQUIREMENT

Liquid Wt = 62.5 lb/ft3

Specified Concrete Strength,f'c : = 2500 psi

Rebar : ASTM A-615, Grade 60

Ft : = 24 psi

Seismic Uplift :

N= No.of Anchor Bolts = 112

Ms = 63411246.787 ft-lb

w= Ws + 2/3 Wroof + 1/2 Wrftr + Wc = 242090 lb

Dac = Diameter of Anchor Circle = 85.346 ft

Ps = 4Ms / NDac - W / N (D103 Eq.5.11) = 24373.85 lb

Wind Uplift :

Mw = 1460666.398 ft-lb

Pw = 4(Mw / Nd) - (W / N) = -8034.52 lb

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Anchor Design : ( ACI 318 Appendix D )

Anchor Properties

do = Anchor Bolt Diameter = 0.787402 in

hef = Ie = Embedment Depth = 10 in

h= Member Thickness = 47.24409 in

Ca1 = Ca,min = Distance from centre to Anchor to = 13.25 in < 1.5 hef
Edge of Concrete
= 13.25 in
Ca2 =

Check minimum edge distance and concrete thickness

Cmin = (ACI 316 d8.2) = 3.00 in < 8 in OK

hmin = hef + 2do = 11.58 in < 48 in

OK

Calculate Steel Strength

nt = thread per inch = 7

Ase = π/4(do-0.9743 / nt )2 (ACI 318 RD 5.1.2 ) = 0.33 in2

futa = Specified tensile Strenght of Anchor Steel in psi = 75400

Nsa = Asefuta ( ACI 318 RD 5.1.2 Eq. D.3 ) = 24882 lb

Determine Concrete Breakout Strength

S1 = 4.3296 < 3 hef = 4.3296 < 30 in

Anc = (Ca1 + S1 + 1.5hef ) ( 2 x 1.5hef )ACI 318 Fig .R.D.5.2.1 = 978 in2

Anco = ( 9*hef2) (ACI 318 Eq . D.6 ) = 900 in2

Ψec , N = (ACI 318 Sec. D.5.2.4, No eccentricity = 1.0 ) = 1

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Ψed , N = 1 if Ca,min > 1.5 hef (ACI 318 D.10 )
= 0.7 + 0.3 Ca,min / (1.5 hef )
if Ca,min < 1.5hef (ACI 318 D.11) = 0.667

Ψc , N = (Uncracked Concrete Assumed)(ACI 318 D.5.2 = 1.25

Ψcp , N = 1 for cast- in anchors ( ACI 318 D.5.2.7 ) = 1

Kc = ACI 318 D.5.2.2 = 24

Nb = Kc*λ( f'c)2*hef1.5 ( ACI 318 D.7 ) = 28460.5 lb

Ncb = Anc / Anco * Ψec,NΨc,NΨcp,NNb (ACI 318 Eq D.4 ) = 38658.9 lb

Pullout Strength Of Anchor in Tension

Npn = ω"c, pNp (ACI 318 Eq.D.14 )

Npn = ω"cp,N = (ACI 318 D.5.3.6 ) = 1.4

Abrg = Net Bearing Area of head = 5.843 in2

Np = 8Abrg f'c (ACI 318 Eq.D .15 ) = 116860 lb

Side Face Blowout Strength (When C min < 0.4hef )

0.4hef = 4

Cmin < 0.4hef, Side - Face Blowout Check Not Required 3.00 in < 4 in OK

Detremine Controlling Strength

Nu = 1.4P = 2141 lb

Nn = Min [ Nsa ; Ncb ; Np ] = 24882 lb

Governing Anchor Strength

φ = [ ACI 318 Appendix D Section D.4.4 ] = 0.75

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0.750φNn = (ACI 318 Section D.3.3.3 For Seismic Design = 13997 lb
Category D, E and F ]

0.750φNn > Nu OK.

Thus, Use 0.787 in Diameter Anchor Fasteners, Embeded 10", 2" in above Foundation.

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9149.791 mm 30.019 ft

25850 mm 84.80971 ft

Tank Diameter, D: = 84.788 ft

Tank Height = 32.013 ft
Free Board = 1.994 ft
Overflow Height, H: = 30.019 ft

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86.45013 1.104131

25933.4 85.08333606

85.346 26013.45997

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Nb = Kc*λ( f'c)2*hef1.5 ( ACI 318 D.7 ) = 0 lb

28460.49894
38658.85

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