NEW ERA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

Department of Mechanical Engineering

MATERIALS SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING (L)
A LABORATORY MANUAL

Compiled by
ERWIN T. STA. MARIA

Laboratory Exercise No. 8

Torsional Stress Test of A Galvanized Iron (GI) Pipe

NAME: Date Performed:

Program/Year: Date Submitted:
Day/Time/Group: Instructor:
 Laboratory Exercise No. 8

Torsional Stress Test of A Galvanized Iron (GI) Pipe

Objectives :

Upon completion of this laboratory exercise, the students must be able to:
1. familiarize themselves on the principles of torsional stress,
2. get acquainted on the use of a torque wrench as an alternative equipment
or tool for testing
3. realize the significance of loads exerted on metallic materials,
4. identify actual applications in the field of mechanical engineering

Introduction :

In many engineering applications, engineering components are subjected to

torsion. So it is necessary for an engineer to understand the basics of torsion theory and
learn how an engineering material in mechanical components will act under torsion
stresses.
When an engineering component is subjected to twisting moment or torque then
it is said that the component is under torsion.. Stress produced as a result of torsion are
called torsional shear stress. Torsional shear stresses are maximum at outer surface
and minimum at its central axis.
In the exercise, one end of the pipe is fixed and the other is subjected to external
torque. As aid earlier, stresses produced by the torque will be at zero at its central axis
and maximum at the outer surface. The maximum value of this torsional stress can be
find by the formula :

Torsional Stress , τ = Torque applied (T) x radius (r)

Second Polar of Inertia (J)

Reference : Materials Science and Engineering, RS Khurmi & JK Gupta (2005)

List of Instruments, Apparatus and Materials

Pull-Push Steel Tape

Vernier Caliper
Steel Cutting Saw
Torque wrench set
GI Pipe ½ inch diameter x 3 inches

Procedures

1. Get reminders about safety of machines to be used.

2. Cut the galvanized iron pipe to a length of 3 inches
3. Measure the diameter of the pipe and its length
4. Prepare the torque wrench set
5. Place the GI Pipe to a table vice, and have it clamped.
6. Upon securing clamps, twist the pipe until an angle of twist is measured. This is
the angular displacement as a result of applied torque.
7. Take note of the load and measure it.
8. Compute for the torsional stress.
9. Clear the area of the used materials.
10. Secure the torque wrench and other tools after its usage.

Sample Computations :

1. Second Polar of Inertia, J =Πx D⁴

of the pipe 32

2. Torsional Shear , τ = Torque applied (T) x radius (r)

Stress Second Polar of Inertia (J)

3. Modulus of Rigidity, G = . Torque applied (T) x Length of Pipe (ɭ) .

Angular Displacement (Ө) x Polar of Inertia (J)

4. Torsional Shear Strain, γ = radius (r) x Angular Displacement (Ө)

Length of Pipe (ɭ)
Final Tabulation of Data TABLE

I
Sample Outside Inside Length
TRIAL Material Diameter Diameter (mm)
(mm) (mm)
1 GI Pipe
2
3

TABLE II
TRIAL Load, Angle of Polar Torsional Modulus of Torsional
No. T Displacement Moment of Stress Rigidity, G Shear Strain
(N-m) Ө, (radians) Inertia (mm²) (MPa) (N/mm²) (mm/mm or %)

1
2
3

TABLE III

Sample
TRIAL Material
ID
1
2
3

Questions to Answer :

1. What are the applications of torsional shear stress in mechanical

engineering practice?

2. How do torsional stresses of steel pipes compare to PVC pipes?

 Name : Date Performed:
Day/Time:

Laboratory Exercise No. 8

Torsional Stress Test of A Galvanized Iron (GI) Pipe
PRELIMINARY DATA SHEET

TABLE I
TRIAL Sample Outside Inside Length Other Data Other Data
Material Diameter Diamete (mm) (mm)
(mm) r (mm)
1
2

TABLE
Reading Load, T Angle of Polar Torsional Modulus of Torsional
No. (N-m) Displacement Moment of Stress Rigidity, G Shear Strain
Ө, (radians) Inertia (mm²) (MPa) (N/mm²) (mm/mm or %)
1
2
3

TABLE III
TRIAL Sample
Material
ID
1
2

Group no. _
Approved for
Leader : _
finalization For
Members :
revision / correction
1. _
Remarks :
2. _
_
3. _
4. _
5. .

Instructor