1.

1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Education lays the foundation stone for our future. It expands our vision,
creates awareness and it helps us develop a disciplined life to provide us with
better learning opportunities. It enables the students to know the world beyond
their own surroundings. It brings knowledge, skills, and attitudes, all these
things can be gained only with education. Only rare person in the world with
education is neglected. In addition, if students do not want to be neglected
then they have to study. Studying helps the students gain knowledge that is
needed to acquire the wisdom and capacity for students to live their life.
Above all, studying is important because it helps the students tell the value of
education in their life. Furthermore, because of the pandemic (COVID-19)
traditional classes were switched to online classes. Online learning is
education that takes place over the internet.

A. ESSENTIAL VARIABLES
A.1 INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: LACK OF INTERNET ACCESS
Internet access is the ability of people and organizations to use computer
terminals, laptops, and other devices to connect to the Internet and to access
resources such as email and the World Wide Web. Internet access is sold by
Internet service providers or ISP’s that provide connectivity through different
networking technologies at a broad range of data transfer rates. Internet access is
essential for every student nowadays, especially they are now learning online.
While it may seem like almost everyone has internet access, Mathew Lynch, 2017
cited that “there are huge numbers of families lack fast or reliable internet
connections. There are roughly 5 million households with school-age children who
do not have broadband internet access at home, that means millions of students are
being left behind.” There are many ways that a lack of internet access can affect
students’ academic performance. Students without internet access cannot connect
with teachers or classmates, do independent research, or get online homework
help. For families not having internet access can mean missing out on information
or losing out on a direct line of communication with school and teachers.
A.2 ONLINE LEARNING
 Education is the key to success, and in today's world, learning can take place
both in a traditional classroom environment and online. While these are both
methods of teaching students, there are differences that benefit the learner. A
typical classroom environment is where learning takes place, and the teacher offers
face to face educational learning to students. Students can also communicate in the
classroom face-to-face with the teacher as well as other students. On the other
hand, online learning is any form of learning conducted partly or wholly over the
internet, or it is an education that takes place over the internet. This hit different for
you are not in the same location as your teachers and other students. “Online
learning proves to be a great alternative. Students have the chance to study in their
own time and especially for free. It represents a great way to study many fields and
to boost the level of self-motivation. Online learning is so effective because
students can finish their homework quickly, and there is more time left for hobbies
or for finding a job.” (Armstrong, 2013). In contrast, Ion, 2017 cited that “Before
any online program can hope to succeed, it must have students who are able to
access the online learning environment. Lack of access, whether it be for economic
or logistic reasons, will exclude otherwise eligible students from the course and
still will not be effective for students.”
B. INTERNATIONAL SITUATIONS
As a developing region, in Southeast Asia, many students are from
economically vulnerable families. Their access to computer is limited to school,
provided computer labs and many do not have access to unlimited internet on their
mobile devices. Some from East Malaysia were worried that their internet
connection would not suffice to support online learning. (Jalli, 2020)
C. NATIONAL SITUATION
The Southern Philippine province of Siargao, for example lies within areas
that have the slowest internet connection. Provincial government data indicates that
less than 30 percent of the student population have internet access and there are
some 600 students in the “off the-grid schools” which includes in island villages
that do not have electricity and are so remote that they can only be accessed by
boat. Many students, too, still need the internet to do supplemental research on
more complex assignments. That is a problem, given by DepEd survey showing
that, of the 6.5 million who have access to the internet, approximately 20 percent
use computer shops or other public places to go online. Worse, 2.8 million students
have no way of going online at all. This is especially common in rural areas.
(Santos, 2020)
Researchers embarked with this study for it is timely and relevant to the
current situation of the students, they mean to understand this certain issue and
increase public awareness and valuable information. Lastly, they wanted to know
what the effects are of having lack of internet access to the students.
Hence, the meat of the study is to determine the stand of G12- HUMSS E on
the lack of internet access hindering online learning in Zamboanga City High
School.
This study is delaminated to the hypothesis that lack of internet access
hinders online learning.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to determine the perceptions of G12- HUMSS E on the lack
of internet access hindering online learning.
Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:
1. What are the perception of the students on having online class?
2. What would be its effect on the students' studies?
3. What would be the help of the government to those students who lacks internet
access?
4. How would the student learn if they lack internet access?

1.2 SIGNIFANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be beneficial to the following:

DepEd. This study will help them to let them know if what are the current students of
the students while studying and learning during pandemic. They may take some
actions to help the student regarding the situation.
School administrators. This study will let them know if who among the students are
lack on Internet access. It will be a big help to them and to the student as well.
Through this, both parties will do some adjustments to make the school year a
productive learning amidst the pandemic.

Future researchers. This study may serve as their guide or reference in conducting a
new research and will serve as an overview.