ENERGY RESOURCES

EARTH SCIENCE
ENERGY RESOURCES
RENEWABLE ENERGY
- These energy sources are
renewed for a short period
of time. The period of the
consumption of these
energies are proportionate
or even less than the
period of the replenishment
of the energy source.
NON RENEWABLE ENERGY
- These energy sources can
be renewed but over a
long period of time (millions
of years). The period
needed to replenish the
energy resource is very
long compared to the
period of its consumption.
ENERGY RESOURCES

RENEWABLE ENERGY NON RENEWABLE ENERGY

• Solar Energy • Coal
• Wind Energy • Oil
• Biomass Energy • Natural Gas
• Geothermal Energy • Nuclear
• Hydroelectric Energy
SOLAR ENERGY

ENERGY RESOURCES
SOLAR ENERGY

is the energy that is harnessed from the sun.

This energy resource can be converted into
thermal energy and electrical energy. Solar
technologies can harness this energy for a
variety of uses, including generating
electricity, providing light or a comfortable
interior environment, and heating water for
domestic, commercial, or industrial use.
ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR ENERGY

Renewable and environment-friendly

Wide availability
Low Noise
Low Maintenance
Remote and portable power option
DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR ENERGY

Expensive
Daylight-only solution
Vulnerable to atmospheric conditions
Manufacturing pollution
Varies with geologic locations
ENERGY RESOURCES

RENEWABLE ENERGY NON RENEWABLE ENERGY

• Solar Energy • Coal
• Wind Energy • Oil
• Biomass Energy • Natural Gas
• Geothermal Energy • Nuclear
• Hydroelectric Energy
WIND ENERGY

ENERGY RESOURCES
WIND ENERGY

is the use of air flow through wind turbines to

provide the mechanical power to turn turbines
thus producing electrical energy. Wind turbines
convert the kinetic energy in the wind into
mechanical power. This mechanical power can
be used for specific tasks (such as grinding grain or
pumping water) or a generator can convert this
mechanical power into electricity to power
homes, businesses, schools, and the like.
ADVANTAGES OF WIND ENERGY

Renewable & Sustainable

Free
Small Footprint
Remote Power Solution
 Low Maintenance
DISADVANTAGES OF WIND ENERGY

The wind fluctuates

Installation is expensive
Threats to wildlife
Noise pollution
Visual pollution
ENERGY RESOURCES

RENEWABLE ENERGY NON RENEWABLE ENERGY

• Solar Energy • Coal
• Wind Energy • Oil
• Biomass Energy • Natural Gas
• Geothermal Energy • Nuclear
• Hydroelectric Energy
BIOMASS ENERGY

ENERGY RESOURCES
BIOMASS ENERGY

Biomass is organic material that comes from

plants and animals, and it is a renewable
source of energy. Biomass contains stored
energy from the sun. Plants absorb the sun's
energy in a process called photosynthesis.
When biomass is burned, the chemical energy
in biomass is released as heat.
ADVANTAGES OF BIOMASS ENERGY

Renewable
Carbon neutral
Widely available
Cheaper
Waste reduction
DISADVANTAGES OF BIOMASS ENERGY

Not entirely clean

Risk of deforestation
Large water consumption
Inefficiency
Foul odor
ENERGY RESOURCES

RENEWABLE ENERGY NON RENEWABLE ENERGY

• Solar Energy • Coal
• Wind Energy • Oil
• Biomass Energy • Natural Gas
• Geothermal Energy • Nuclear
• Hydroelectric Energy
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

ENERGY RESOURCES
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

is the use heat from the Earth to generate

electricity. It's clean and sustainable.
Resources of geothermal energy range from
the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock
found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface,
and down even deeper to the extremely high
temperatures of molten rock called magma.
ADVANTAGES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Renewable and sustainable

Constant supply
Low maintenance
Low noise
Cost effective
DISADVANTAGES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Geographical limitations
Large investment
Environment Impacts
Sustainability
Seismic instability
ENERGY RESOURCES

RENEWABLE ENERGY NON RENEWABLE ENERGY

• Solar Energy • Coal
• Wind Energy • Oil
• Biomass Energy • Natural Gas
• Geothermal Energy • Nuclear
• Hydroelectric Energy
HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY

ENERGY RESOURCES
HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY

is the use of the energy from flowing water to

power turbines and create electrical energy.
The most common type of hydroelectric
power plant uses a dam on a river to store
water in a reservoir.
ADVANTAGES OF HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY

Reliable and efficient

Clean and renewable
Flexible
Economical
Provides water supply
Recreation and tourism
DISADVANTAGES OF HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY

Environmental impact
Displacement of people
Expensive
Limited place
Safety concerns
ENERGY RESOURCES

RENEWABLE ENERGY NON RENEWABLE ENERGY

• Solar Energy • Coal
• Wind Energy • Oil
• Biomass Energy • Natural Gas
• Geothermal Energy • Nuclear
• Hydroelectric Energy
FOSSIL FUELS

ENERGY RESOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS

Fossil fuels are fuels formed from the organic

remains of prehistoric plants and animals.
These fuels include huge proportion of carbon
and hydrocarbons.
Coal – solid fossil fuel
Oil – liquid fossil fuel
Natural Gas - gas fuel
COAL

combustible black or
brownish black rock-like
material occurring in rock
strata in layers or veins (coal
beds or coals seams)
composed of: carbon with
small quantities of other
elements: H, S, O and N
Stages of Coal Formation: Peat

60% Carbon
accumulation of plant
organic materials that
only partially
decomposed due to
exposure to water and
carbon dioxide
evidence of plant
remains and water.
Stages of Coal Formation: Lignite

65 – 70% Carbon

formed when increased
pressure from sediments
transforms peat
still has traces of plant
remains
abundant but used only
when more efficient
fuels are unavailable
Stages of Coal Formation:
Bituminous

70 – 86% Carbon

forms when even more
pressure is applied to
lignite
No trace of plant materials
most abundant form of
coal and a major source
of heat energy.
Stages of Coal Formation:
Anthracite

 86 – 98% Carbon
 last stage of coal formation
 has the hardest consistency
 resulted from extreme
pressure and high
temperature on the layers of
sediments
 burns with a short flame and
only produces a little smoke
Uses of Coal

93% of the coal is used for producing electricity.

Oil

Formed from organic matter

from dead plants and animals
Refers to any viscous liquid
that is not soluble in either
water or alcohol
Oil Formation
Uses of Oil
Natural Gas

Formed from organic matter

from dead plants and animals
A lightweight, colorless,
odorless substance that is
made up of primarily methane
Formation of Natural Gas

Formed from the remains

of marine microorganisms
Remains were covered by
silt and sand
Heat and pressure
increases as the remains of
these organisms are buried
deeper by sediments.
Formation of Natural Gas

The natural gas migrates

through the pores in the
rocks.
Some escape to the Earth’s
surface while others are
caught in impermeable
rocks and clays and
become trapped deposits
of natural gas.
Uses of Natural Gas

1. Direct gas

utilization in homes or
commercial buildings
2. Electric Power
generation
3. Industrial uses (e.g.
vehicle fuel)