Hazard and Risk Assessment Control Activity

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction (S.Y. 2019 – 2020)

Submitted By: Apolinario, Marjorie Section: Amber

Catulin, Erica Amor
Pelagio, John Whesley
Portillo, Felmar

Chosen area in Cagayan National High School:

Construction Site Beside the Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS)

Building

Identified Hazards: (List down 3 to 4 hazards in bullet)

 Debris
 Scaffold
 Construction Materials and Equipment

1. What information do you have in each hazard?

a) Debris
This is a common hazard in construction buildings that results to
injuries. Pedestrians and site visitors may be at risk of experiencing serious
injuries like head trauma and other life-threatening injuries caused by falling
objects. Heavy objects such as sheet metal, rebar, cinder blocks and power
tools are just some examples of objects that causes physical trauma to more
than one worker when they fall while small objects like nail or bolt can claim
the life of a worker/ pedestrian should it fall from several stories.

Figure 1. Debris

b) Scaffold
Integral part of a construction site, elevating workers and materials
during construction, maintenance or repair projects. This is a temporary
structure that is used to support a work crew and materials to aid construction.
Scaffolds are used on construction site to get access to heights and areas
that would be otherwise hard to get to. Having unsafe scaffolding has a
potential to result death or serious injury.
 Figure 2. Scaffolds
c) Construction Materials and Equipment
In construction sites, it is common to have a hazard coming from the
materials and equipment used. From the heaviest to lightest materials that are
used in the construction sites, they can cause injuries or even death. Slips,
trips and falls can be experience by the worker or people who come to the
construction site because of the unused materials on site. Materials and
equipment that are constantly being lifted and moved around construction
sites in wrong handling carries a degree of risk.

Figure 3. Cement Mixer

2. Explain the words Exposure and Vulnerability
Exposure and vulnerability are interchangeably defined. We need to
understand that these two terminologies are distinct.

a) Exposure
It refers to the group of individuals, wealth, properties and other
elements that are subjected to hazards. It is also the contact between the
people and other elements to different stressors in all aspects. It is being
measured by the number of people and types of assets in a certain area.
b) Vulnerability
On the other hand, vulnerability are the circumstances and elements of
a community that make t susceptible to the negative aftermaths of a hazard. It
is significantly distinct within a community and over time. These are also
elements determined by different factors and processes, such as biological,
physical, economic, socio- cultural, psychological and environmental.
3. Who will be exposed to the hazard and for how long?
a) Debris
The students, teachers, personnel, workers and other individuals who
are passing by can be exposed to falling debris on the on-going construction
building. This hazard can last long if the operation of the construction site is
still on going. This can be prevented if the construction is already done.

b) Scaffold
The workers who used unsafe scaffold is more likely to experience
hazard since they are the one who uses this for making the building.
Students, teachers and other personnel might also get injured if scaffold
collapse happens in the place. It can last longer if the scaffolds are still in
there and they have unsecured scaffolds. This hazard can be prevented if the
unsecured scaffolds are fixed.

c) Construction Materials and Equipment

The workers and other people who are currently there in the building
are the one who are near to accidents like they might trip in the materials that
are scattered in the working place. Students, teachers, personnel and other
individual passing by the construction site can be prone to danger. Injuries are
most of it and this might treat immediately on site. This may last longer if there
are a lot of scattered and already used materials and equipment around the
construction area. But it can be prevented by fixing their materials after using
for it not being scattered around.

4. Why are some sectors of the society more vulnerable to disaster than
others?

It’s because the vulnerability of an area to a certain hazard depends to

the location where that area is found. There are places that can be seen as a
hazardous place due to hazards that can be easily observed. Some sectors of
the society are more vulnerable from disaster, because they are at high risk
from natural occurrences. They can be also not equipped with early warnings
and precautions. Simply put, society has more of value that is susceptible to
disasters.

5. What will be the consequences if the hazard actually causes an injury or

harm to health?

a) Debris
Falling debris is definitely unpredictable and uncontrollable. It is
precarious for it can cause injury or danger to human’s health. It can also lead
to head damage and eventually, death if medical treatment was not persisted.
Individual can also encounter bone fractures and muscle strains.

b) Scaffolds
People near the construction site can be covered over and strike by the
scaffolding, most especially if it’s not durable and rigid. If overwhelmed, an
individual can experience various head illnesses and damages. Also, death is
inevitable to the injured individual.

c) Construction Materials and Equipment

In a construction site, different materials and equipment are to be
found. If harmed by the certain hazard, it can have an adverse effect to an
 individual’s human health. The person can experience different fractures,
wounds, body difficulties and other minor or serious negative consequences.
Intensified danger can lead to the death of life.

6. Why are some structures more vulnerable to specific hazards than others?

Vulnerability of some structures to specific hazards varies. It is

dependent to the how the structure exposed to a certain hazard. Materials
and equipment used can be possibly the factor for its underlying incapability.

7. How do you rate the risk of each hazard identified?

Hazard Likelihood of Injury or Consequences of any

Harm To Death injuries or harm to
health
Debris Likely Significant
Scaffolds Likely Significant
Construction Materials Likely Significant
and Equipment

RISK CONTROL PLN FOR CONSTRUCTION SITE BESIDE THE HUMANITIES

AND SOCIAL SCIENCES (HUMSS) BUILDING

Hazard Observation Risk Corrective Time People Materials/ Remarks

Assessment Action Frame Involved Resources
Debris During the Significant Investigate July 11 Workers, Hollow
construction, how the until in students, blocks,
there are workers the teachers and plywood
hollow blocks, operate the future other
excess construction personnel
cements and building. Post
other debris warnings
that are around the
uncontrollably construction
falling. site for the
people’s
awareness.
Scaffold As long as the Significant Check the July 11 Workers, Steel bars
construction of number of until the students,
building is scaffolds constru teachers and
going on, around the ction other
scaffolds are building. ends personnel
still on the site. Instill the
 This can be a scaffolding
hazard it is properly and
improperly create a
installed and strong
the foundation foundation
is weak.
Constructi Many Insignificant/ Know the July 11 Workers, Cement
on materials and minor construction until the students, mixer,
materials equipment are materials and constru teachers and hollow
and being used equipment ction personnel blocks
during that are ends
equipment
construction. being used.
Sometimes, Know how
they are just the
scattered equipment
within the works and
workplace. the materials’
These tools usage
and machines
can be a
hazard to
people who
passes by or
go inside the
construction
site