PUBLIC SPEAKING

CONCEPTS, IMPORTANCE, AND FACTORS

 DID YOU KNOW THAT…

• The fear of public speaking is rated as the

most common fear, death as the second?
(Burges, 2013; Croston, 2012)
• Next to cancer, public speaking is most
feared by Americans?
• Actors, business executives, teachers,
celebrities experience communication
anxiety?
 SPECIFIC FEARS

• Trembling or shaking-80%
• Mind going blank-74%
• Doing or saying something embarrassing-
64%
• Unable to continue talking-63%
• Not making sense-59%
• Sounding foolish-59%
(Osborn & Osborn, 2006)
 CONVERSATION PUBLIC SPEAKING

• Loosely organized • Better organized

• Off the top of your head • Grounded in responsible
• Often no clear purpose knowledge
• Informal language • Has a clear purpose
• Speaker and listener • More formal language
exchange roles • Speaker and listener has
• Informal clearly defined roles
environment/small group
 1. THINK POSITIVE

DEALING WITH STAGE FRIGHT

 2. BE PREPARED

DEALING WITH STAGE FRIGHT

3. PRACTICE YOUR SPEECH

DEALING WITH STAGE FRIGHT

 4. HAVE A BACKUP

DEALING WITH STAGE FRIGHT

 NO ONE IS
IMMUNE FROM
STAGE
FRIGHT!
 WINTER
VERBALTemplate
COMMUNICATION
Communication using words
 01
PAUSE
WINTER
Template
• In between utterances in order to allow
listeners to process what the speaker
has spoken
• A speaker may also pause for longer
than usual after an importance utterance
 VOLUME 02
• Emphasis can be achieved by either
speaking loudly or softly
• Also used to express emotions
• Changing the volume can help keep
the audience’s attention
 RHYTHM 03
• Speed and flow of a speaker’s
utterances
• Must be appropriate to the content
of his or her message as well as the
context in which the speaker is in
 RHYTHM 03
• The ideal speed is slow enough to
be understood by listeners and fast
enough to hold their attention
• Too slow speech-projects an image
of dullness, apathy, laziness, and
sometimes, lack of intelligence
• Too fast speech-suggests
nervousness, tension, or anxiety
 REPETITION AND
REPHRASING
04
• A way to assist the listeners to
understand the message, especially if
it is quite hard to understand
• Rephrasing what has been said is
also a way to foster understanding
 TONE 05
• Shows the attitude of the speaker
toward the topic or the listener
• Determined by the culture to which
the speaker belongs
 APPROPRIATE FORM OF
LANGUAGE
06
• The form of language is technically known as
register, which depends on different factors of
communication
SPEAK IN
ENGLISH,
BUT NOT
TO THIS
EXTENT!
 PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE ORAL
COMMUNICATION
1. Well-planned (outline, audience,
occasion, time, venue)
2. Clear Pronunciation (clearly and
correctly)
3. Brevity (apply K.I.S.S.)
4. Precision (be specific and accurate)
 PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE ORAL
COMMUNICATION
5. Natural Voice (modulate your voice)
6. Logical Sequence (organization of ideas)
7. Suitable Words (simple and familiar
words)
8. Courtesy (be polite and considerate)
 PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE ORAL
COMMUNICATION
9. Attractive Presentation (pleasing
language)
10. Avoiding Emotions (control your
emotions)
11. Emphasis (mastery of the speech)
12. Controlling Gesticulation (gestures with
purpose)