President of the republic of the
Philippines ● Compose of executive
● President-head of the executive
branch
- Highest official of the country
- May remove by impeachment
Scope and limits of Presidential
authority
● Head of state - representative of
the country in International functions
● Head of the government - takes on
the main responsibilities of
governance and has several
functions
● President - is mandated to obtain
consent from congress before
approving an international treaty
● 1987 Philippine Constitution -
ensures that the president is
prevented from exercising
authoritarian leadership.
Qualifications for The Presidency and
Successors to The Position
1. Must be a natural-born
Filipino citizen
2. Must be a registered voter
3. Must be liberate
4. Must be at least 4 years old
by the day of the elections
5. Must have lived in the
Philippines for no less than
10 years before the day of
the election
● Impeachment:
- Originates from the house of
representatives
- filed by members of the lower house
- if the
- 2/3 votes in the senate is required
for the president to be convicted
Cabinet of the Philippines
departments, that deals with
various aspects of governance
● Provides And closely coordinates
with the president
● Executive branch: DILG etc.
Local Governments
● Local Government Units (LGU’s):
Provinces, cities, municipalities and
barangays
● decentralization -Government are
given powers and adequate support
by the national government
● has its own local council as
legislative body for creation of laws
● Article X of the 1987 Philippine
Constitution & The Local
Government Code of 1991
- For the organization and
administration of LGU’S
● The Local Government Code of
1991
- The means by which a LGU’s
identified and organized
Barangay Government
● Barangay - serves as the executive
legislative and arbitration body of the
barangay
● Punong Barangay or Barangay
Captain - Such as the enforcement
of laws and ordinance to a certain
barangay
- Budget and financial concerns
- Leading the meetings with other
members
Other appointment officials
● Barangay Secretary - Keep and
update the records of the meetings
● Barangay Treasurer - keep tracks
of the barangay government’s funds
 municipal engineer or
building official, among
● Sangguniang Barangay others
- formulation and passage of
ordinance and budget plans City Government
- Composed of 7 members ● City - higher economic growth and
● Lupong Tagapamayapa or Lupon populations than municipality
- Disputes settlement & - Php 20,000,000
conciliation body of the - At least 150,000 population
barangay Categories of a city
- Composed of 10 to 20 ● Component City
members & lead by the - part of
Punong Barangay province
● Sangguniang Kabataan - Elects officials
- Youth council of the ● Independent
barangay, promoting welfare Component City
of the youth - Highly
- Composed of chairman, developed
treasurer, and 7 council - Does not elect
members officials
● Highly Urbanized
Municipal Government/ Bayan - Independent
● Municipality - collections of city but has a
barangays larger
- Income should be Php population (at
2,500,000 least 200,000)
- Population about 25,000 and income
● Municipal Mayor - chief executive 50,000,000
of municipality ● City Mayor - Head of the City
- Implement policies Government
- Planning the budget - Does not prepare budget
● Municipal Vice-Mayor - second ● Vice Mayor - second highest official
highest official - Presides over the legislative
- Serves as presiding officer of body of Sangguniang
the legislative of Panlungsod
Sangguniang Bayan ● Sangguniang Panlungsod - Place
● Sangguniang Bayan - formulations were the meeting is held or like
of ordinance proposed budget meeting
- Approval proposed budgets - Composed of councilors and
- Creation and evaluates of the includes representatives from
ordinance the youth and other sectors
Other municipal officials: of society
Municipal treasurer, Provincial Governance
municipal budget officer,
 ● Province - local government unit
that is comprised of municipalities
and cities
- Php 20,000,000
- Population at least 250,000
● Governor - chief executive of the
province
- Monitors the administrations
- Ensures the implementation
of law etc.
● Vice Governor - Presiding officer of
the provincial legislative body
Sangguniang Panlalawigan
Regionalization
● Regions - division of the
administrative units of the
Philippines
- Does not have separate LGU
bit have development
councils
● Regionalization - to promote
greater growth and development
throughout the country
- Related to decentralization
since regions are given
administrative freedom
Regional Autonomy
● Autonomous Regions - Entitled to
a certain degree of political integrity
- Develop policies and
projects which address their
needs
● Regions are entitled to exercise
government powers
- Organized their own bodies
- Managing their funds
- Develop their tourism
NOTE THAT: They are prohibited from
creating policies and programs concerning
national security, citizenship, currencies,
and the electoral process
- Article X, Section 15, 1997
Constitution
-
Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)
Authonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao (ARMM)
- ARMM achieved autonomy in 1989
Composed of 4 provinces
- Lanao Del Sur
- Maguindanao
- Sulu
- Tawi-Tawi
- Marawi City and Basilan were later
added in 2001
● It has his own regional government
with executive and legislative
branches
● Executive Branch - Regional
Governor and Vice-Governor
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1. Must be a natural-born Filipino
citizen 2. Must be a registered voter
3. Must be liberate 4. Must be at
least 4 years old by the day of the
elections 5. Must have lived in the
Philippines for no less than 10 years
before