Professional Documents
Culture Documents
On
SUBMITTED BY
Rushikesh Mugutkar (ROLL NO –77)
Abhishek Patil (ROLL NO –78)
Sanket Patil (ROLL NO – 79)
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the dissertation work entitled “Intelligent
Transportation System for Smart City” submitted by “Rushikesh
Mugutkar” (TE Civil Roll NO:77) in fulfilment of the requirement for
the Third Year Part II (Civil-Engineering)is a record of his own work
carried out under my supervision during the year 2019-20.
Date:
Project Guide Prof.. B. P. PATIL
The candidate has completed all the required phases of evaluation and
performed satisfactorily. Hence, recommended for the fulfilment of the
requirement for the said year.
1. INTRODUCTION…………………………………..06
2. BACKGROUND…………………………………….07
3. INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION
TECHNOLOGY…………………………………….09
4. BUS RAPID TRANSIT
SYSTEM……………………………………………. 10
5. INCIDENT MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM……………………………………………. 12
6. POWER GENERATION USING SPEED BREAKER
WITH HELP OF SPRING
MECHANISM……………………………………… 15
7. ADVANCED TRAFFIC LIGHT
SYSTEM……………………………………………. 21
8. AUTOMATIC FARE COLLECTION
SYSTEM……………………………………………. 25
9. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM……………………………………………. 30
10.ELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION (ETC)
………………………………………………………. 38
11.ROAD SAFETY
SOLUTIONS……………………………………….. 39
12.BENEFITS OF ITS………………………………… 44
13.CLASSIFICATION OF
ITS…………………………………………………... 45
14.CONCLUSION……………………………………..48
1.INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS ITS?
The term Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) refers to the efforts to
add information and communication technology to the TRANSPORT
INFRASTRUCTURE and VEHICLES, in order to improve safety and
reduce vehicle wear, transportation times and fuel consumption.
In the developing world, the migration from rural to urban area urbanized
habitats has progressed differently. Many areas of the developing world
have urbanized without significant motorization and the formation of
suburbs. A small portion of the population can afford automobiles, but
the automobiles greatly increase congestion in these multimodal
transportation systems. They also produce considerable air pollution, pose
a significant safety risk, and exacerbate feelings of inequities in the
society. High population density could be supported by a multimodal
transport |multimodal system of walking, bicycle transportation,
motorcycles, buses, and trains.
Incident Management.
3. Easy to use
4. Easy to use
Main features
Dedicated lanes and alignment
Platform-level boarding
Quality stations
In smart City we can use BRTS system connection all over the city.
And it will be more beneficial from Shivaji Chowk to Saiful by
introducing new lane for BRTS.
Bus Rapid Transit System
Ordinary Railing
Ordinary Railing
Ordinary Railing
Proposed Sensor Railing
Automatic Sensor Railing will sense the vehicle speed within its range
of 30 to 80 cm and start rotating in order to give direction to vehicle
and generates a force which gets transferred to the vehicle when the
vehicle strikes the railing. Thus the person driving will be safe. Using
this type of railing will reduce the accident probabilities.
Various sensors are used to detect cars, motorcycles, and pedestrians that
are not in the driver's sight. Based on this information, the DSSS alert
drivers via message display boards or in-vehicle units.
Main Benefits
PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
Stepper Motor:
A step motor is an electromagnetic rotor that mechanically
converts digital pulse inputs to incremental shaft rotation. The
rotation is not related to the number of input pulses, but its speed is
related to the frequency of the pulses. In each steps, the motor
holds its' position (and its' load) without the aid of clutches or
brakes. Thus a step motor can be controlled so that it rotates a
certain number of steps, producing mechanical motion and then
holds its load when it stops.
Buzzer:
The buzzer circuit consist of a relay in series with a small audio
speaker. When the switch is pressed, the relay will operate by the
transformer primary and close the relay contact. The relay operates
and normally the closed contact will open, removing power from
the relay and the sequence repeats
ARM-7 Microcontroller:
ARM-7 microcontroller board based on a l6-bitl32-bit CPU with
real-time emulation and embedded trace support, that relates micro
controllers with high-speed flash memory ranging from 32 kB to
512 kB. A l28-bit wide memory interface and unique accelerator
enable 32-bit code execution at the maximum clock rate.
GSM module:
GSM (Global System for Mobile) is SIM900 Quad-band GSM /
GPRS device, works on frequencies 850 MHZ, 900 MHZ. It is
very compact and easy to use as plug in GSM Modem. The Modem
is designed with 3V and 5V interfacing circuitry, which allows
User to directly interface with Microcontrollers (PIC, AVR
Arduino, 8051, etc.) as well as 3V Microcontrollers.
SIMULATION ANALYSIS
The PIC microcontroller is compiled by using the C compiler. IR
sensors have been replaced by switches, also it is impossible to
interface sensor in a simulation circuit. LED lights have been
interfaced across each road to represent the signal system. The
Switch is closed to represent the density of the traffic system.
When the switch is closed it indicates that the traffic is high and
gives preference to that particular side. Likewise, all the other
side's functions based on the position of switch. In a normal
condition the traffic light works in a loop. The coding will be
running the loop of each LED. when switch is closed, some
interrupt is given to the microcontroller which takes that as the
input and changes the regular action and the particular LED will
glow green. And after a fixed time the loop continues back to the
normal traffic light system. The hardware consists of a PIC
microcontroller through which all the IR sensor are connected
internally. PIC consists of a voltage regulator, bridge rectifier,
transformer which converts l2v dc supply to 5v supply suitable for
PIC. When the IR sensor is blocked the input signal is given to PIC
and red led glows on particular lane. After that the barrier
connected with a stepper motor activates with a buzzer sound
Service operators need efficient yet flexible tools to run their business. By
centralizing all processing and data in the core services layer rather than
rolling out pieces of information across dispersed systems, the operators
can better control and operate the system on a day to day basis and data
will become available 24/7 and in real time.
ITS
o Agencies have ITS well-integrated into their response and
recovery plans.
o Agencies have measures in place to protect their intelligent
infrastructure.
o Partner agencies understand transportation's ITS capabilities.
o ITS information is shared with emergency management
partner agencies.
o Agency ITS is effectively integrated with other emergency
management systems, such as plume and dispersal models.
Communications Interoperability
o Agencies are able to communicate internally and with
response/recovery partners through workarounds in the short
term.
o Agencies have a long term plan for more permanent
interoperability.
Tools
o The agency has tools to assist it in conducting evacuations
and other response activities in real time, such as flow
modelling and redistribution.
o These tools are effectively integrated with the agency's
traffic management systems and information.
Incident Command System (ICS)/Unified Command System
(UCS)
o Transportation agencies understand ICS and UCS, and know
how to operate in this environment.
Support
o The agency has modified its support contracts to specifically
address how contractors will assist in dealing with response
to and recovery from acts of terror.
o The agency has addressed how to work effectively with
those agencies upon whom it will call for mutual aid.
Communication
o The agency knows how to share information with the public
during and following emergencies, and what information to
share.
o The agency knows what information it needs to provide to
emergency management agencies to include with the other
information being provided to the public
A.COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF EVACUATION
DATA
After an emergency occurs, the flow of personnel should be grasped in a
timely manner, mainly including the number of people evacuated,
evacuation methods, evacuation routes and other information. Timely and
accurate collection of the above information is conducive to the orderly
evacuation of personnel and the further development of reasonable
resettlement [37]–[39]. The number of evacuees is counted through the
number counting system installed at the exits of major buildings in
Zhongshan Road Business District. Statistics can be made by distributing
radio frequency identification bracelets to the personnel evacuated by
public transportation. Through large-scale commercial facilities and
existing public safety monitoring systems on main roads, the status of
personnel in public areas and evacuation paths for personnel can be
grasped in a timely manner. The information collected by the sense layer
of the Internet of Things is submitted to the back-end cloud processing
system for analysis and processing, and the processing results are
supplied to the organizers of emergency disposal. The process of
collecting and analysing evacuation data is shown in Fig. 4.
B. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE
OPERATION
Based on the Internet of Things technologies, such as RFID technology,
sensor technology, ubiquitous communication and network, the vehicle
operation data is connected to the Internet to realize the interconnection
and intercommunication among various elements of the traffic emergency
response system, such as personnel, vehicles, materials and the like.
Collect real-time vehicle operation state data, carry out real-time
simulation and decision-making through the central processing system,
provide decision support for emergency response organizers, realize the
intelligent and optimal operation of the entire emergency traffic
management system, thus effectively improving the road congestion
problem in the evacuation process and improving the rescue efficiency.
Vehicle operation data collection mainly includes data collection of
evacuated vehicles and data collection of vehicles participating in rescue.
ON-SITE RESCUE
Before the medical staff arrive at the site, the emergency rescue force
who arrive in advance shall, in accordance with the first aid procedures,
carry out on-site classification and examination of the injured in the
incident, and carry out onsite first aid for the critically ill; Organizers
equip evacuated personnel and vehicles with Internet of Things signs and
guide them to evacuate according to the emergency response plan; After
the traffic police rush to the site, they should immediately take effective
measures to divert vehicles, divert traffic, protect the site trace evidence
and fix the relevant evidence; The fire department is responsible for
dismantling vehicles and rescuing people trapped in the vehicles due to
overturning and deformation of the vehicles; Other police personnel are
responsible for the maintenance of public order in the site; In case of
special incidents, the organizer of emergency response shall be
responsible for mobilizing professionals and tools for rescue.
INCIDENT RECOVERY
After an emergency occurs, the organizer of the emergency response
shall, according to the needs of the response, issue prevention and
response tips to the public through radio, television, newspapers,
websites, outdoor display screens, short messages, etc., and mobilize all
social forces to assist in the rescue and response work. After the rescue on
site is completed, the site shall be cleaned up in time to repair the
damaged traffic facilities and restore normal traffic order. After the
emergency respond is completed and the elimination of hazardous factors
is confirmed, the graded response initiating unit shall decide and
announce the end of the emergency disposal. Relevant departments carry
out post-disaster recovery and reconstruction, such as allocating rescue
funds and materials, investigating the causes of the incident, and
resuming production and living plans.
Electronic Toll Collection (ETC):
ETC supports the collection of payment at toll plazas using automated
systems that increase the operational efficiency and convenience of toll
collection. Systems typically consist of vehicle-mounted transponders
identified by electronic readers located in dedicated or mixed-use lanes at
toll plazas. ETC has the potential to significantly increase mobility on the
nation’s transportation system.
Classification of ITS
Traffic control has been an issue since humans put the first wheels on the
first cart. The modern world demands mobility. Cars represent the main
method of mobility, but today’s congested highways and city streets don’t
move fast, and sometimes they don’t move at all. Intelligent traffic
systems (ITS), sometimes called intelligent transportation systems, apply
communications and information technology to provide solutions to this
congestion as well as other traffic control issues.
Traffic control has been an issue since humans put the first wheels on the
first cart. The modern world demands mobility. Cars represent the main
method of mobility, but today’s congested highways and city streets don’t
move fast, and sometimes they don’t move at all. Intelligent traffic
systems (ITS), sometimes called intelligent transportation systems, apply
communications and information technology to provide solutions to this
congestion as well as other traffic control issues.