Basic Passive sentence 1

What is Passive sentence?

• Pasive sentence is a sentence in which the subject
doesn’t carry out the action, but it recived it. Or
another word.
• Passive sentence means a subject is a recipient of a
verb’s action.
• Example: the cake is eaten by John.
(the cake is not doing the verb)
(the action of the verb is done to the subject)
 Active vs Passive 2

 Active: Mary helped the boy.

Mary= subject helped= verb the boy= object

• Passive: The boy was helped by Mary.

The boy= subject was helped = verb

by Mary = object Mary is called the agent.

Note: The object of an active sentence becomes the subject of passive

sentence.

Only transitive verb that can be followed by an object.  in other word

A sentence doesn’t have an object can ‘t be changed in passive sentence.

Example: intransitive verb: happen, sleep, come, seem, die, etc.

 Rule of passive sentence: 3

 Subject + be + past participle verb (verb 3)

• TENSE FORMS OF THE PASSIVE:

1. Simple present:

Active: Mary helps the boy. (+)

Mary doesn’t help the boy. (-)

Does mary help the boy (?)

Passive: The boy is helped by Mary.(+)

The boy isn’t helped by Mary.(-)

Is the boy help by Mary (?)

2. Present Progressive:

Active: Mary is helping the boy.

Passive: The boy is being helped by the Mary.(+)

The boy is not being helped by Mary.(-)

Is the boy being helped by Mary (?)

3. Present perfect tense: 4
Active: Mary has helped the boy.
Passive: The boy has been helped byMary.(+)
The boy has not been helped by Mary. (-)
Has the boy been helped by Mary (?)
4. Simple past tense:
Active: Mary helped the boy.
Passive: The boy was helped by Mary. (+)
The boy was not helped by Mary. (-)
Was the boy helped by Mary (?)
5. Past Progressive tense:
•Active: Mary was helping the boy when his sister came.
•Passive: The boy was being helped when his sister came.(+)
The boy was not being helped when his sister came. (-)
Was the boy being helped when his sister came (?)
6. Past perfect tense:
Active: Mary had helped the boy by the time his father came home.
Passive: The boy had been helped by Mary.By the time his father
came home(+)
The boy had not been helped by Mary by the time his father
came home (-)
Had the boy been helped by Mary by the time his father
came home (?)
7. Simple future: 5

Active: a. Mary will help the boy.

b. Mary is going to help the boy.

Passive: The boy will be helped by Mary. (+)
The boy is going to be helped by Mary. (+)
The boy will not be helped by mary. (-)
The boy is not going to be helped by mary.(-)
Will the boy be helped by Mary (?)
Is the boy going to be helped by Mary (?)
8. Future ferfect tense:
Active: Mary will have helped the boy.
Passive: The boy will have been helped by Mart.(+)
The boy will not have been helped by Mary.(-)
Will the boy have been helped (?)
 Using the passive without by phrase. 6
 Passive without by phrase is used when it is not
known or not important to know exactly who
perform an action.
 Example: Rice is grown in India. (by people, by farmer,
by someone), They are not important to know
Exactly who grows rice in India.
 Example: My aunt made this rug. ( this is active
sentence, we know who perform this rug, My aunt).
 Life on Mississippi was written by mark twain.
 This sentence is focus on the book, It is used by
phrase because it contains important information.
Thank you