PASSIVE VOICE

To be + V3
Passive Predicate
Pay attention to the following example
MARRY HELPS THE BOY
ACTIVE VERB
SUBJECT OBJECT
(PRESENT )

SUBJECT BE + v3 BY AGENT
PASSIVE
THE BOY IS HELPED BY MARRY
NOTES
The subject of an active sentence becomes the object of passive
sentence.
Only transitive verbs are used in passive
( Active: an accident happened. Passive: None)
Passive voice is used when we focus more on “what is done” to
“who done it”
( the bridge was built in 1925)
A. The research was conducted in May 2020 by the FDA team.
B. The researcher conducted the study in May 2020. not ok
We use the passive when we do not know “the doer”
(His car was stolen)
 PATTERN
TENSES ACTIVE PASSIVE
Simple Present S + V1 S+ is/am/are+ V3
Present Progressive S+ is/am/are + Ving S+ is/am/are+BEING+V3
Present Perfect S + Have/Has + V3 S + Have/has + BEEN + V3
Simple Past S + V2 S + Was/were + V3
Past Progressive S + was/were + V ing S + was/were + BEING +V3
Past Perfect S + Had + V3 S + Had + BEEN + V3
Simple Future S + Will + V0 S + will + BE + V3
Modal S + Modal + V0 S + Modal + BE + V3

Rina eats an apple for breakfast.  pasif gimana?

An apple be + V3 (by Rina) for breakfast

 An apple is eaten
 Example
Tenses Active Passive

Simple Present Marry helps the boy The boy is helped by Marry

Present Progressive Marry is helping the boy 1.

Present Perfect 5 The boy has been helped by Marry

Simple Past Marry helped the boy 2

Past Progressive 6 The boy was being helped by
Marry
Past Perfect Marry had helped the boy 3

Simple Future 7 The boy will be helped by Marry

Modal Marry should help the boy 4

Change the Active into Passive
1. Someone wrote the book in 1987.
2. She did not cancel the meeting.
3. Sinta will not receive the result today.
4. He had delivered the mail.
5. They have changed the places of the meetings.
6. Nana can do the test.
7. The boy bought the pencils last month
8. Those teenagers read one book in a month.
9. The vet has given an injection to those cats.
10. The students are writting 5 sentences.
1. Most mammals ­_____________with hair or fur.
A. Cover C. are covered Quiz 1
B. Covering D. covered
 
2. Unlike young marsupials, young placental mammals __________ a relatively long time developing
inside their mother’s body before birth.
a. Spend c. spending
b. are spent d. has spent
 
3. The water and ice in clouds __________from Earth’s surface, especially from lakes, rivers, and oceans.
a. are come c. coming
b. come d. comes
 
4. Meteorologists _________________________about 100 types of clouds into these four families.
a. have grouped c. grouping
b. have been grouped d. are grouped
 
5. Chromium ________ in the manufacture of stainless steel.
a. using c. uses
b. is used d. is using
Active or passive?
The boy has eaten the cake.
The respondent were asked to fill the form.
The award ceremony has been held for 31 years.
Those students have written the letters.
The baby was put in a crib.
REDUCED Adverb CLAUSE
He needs a cup of coffee before he starts his day.
 He needs a cup of coffee before he starts the day.
Starting

 He needs a cup of coffee before starting the day.

Before it is used, the water needs to be boiled.

 Before it is used, the water needs to be boiled.
 Before used, the water needs to be boiled.
review
1. The kids always drink a glass of milk before they go to bed.
2. When Bono reads a book, he doesn’t care anything around him.
3. The baby won’t be able to sleep if she gets tired.
4. Because Indonesia is located in S.E.A, it doesn’t experience snow.
5. Those teenagers are always very hungry after they play football.
6. The song makes my baby sleep if it is played repeteadly.
7. When I miss you, I stare at the moon.
8. The teacher will get mad if he knows the news.
9. After he swims, Tono usually drinks a glass of carrot juice.
Another exercise on ellipsis
10. The chef says hello to the guests before he cooks.
11. Before I meet with the lecturers, I make an
appointment with them.
12. My sister cries when she is left alone at home.
After validating, the research will be sent to
an International journal.