MKA 1013: Environmental Assessment

and Management System

Chapter 3: Standard Effluents and

Legal Standards

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 Emission and Effluent Standards
https://www.doe.gov.my/portalv1/en/tentang-jas/perundangan/akta-kaedah-peraturan-
arahan-2/peraturan

● With regard to the quality of effluents discharged, two standards: A &

B, apply for sewage effluents stipulated under Environmental Quality
Act 1974, Environmental Quality (Sewage Effluents) Regulations,
2009 Facilities with effluent outfalls outside these defined areas and
downstream of water intake/abstraction points need comply to the
less stringent Standard B, and
● Environmental Quality Act 1974, Environmental Quality (Industrial
Effluents) Regulations, 2009
● Guidelines for the Siting and Zoning of Industries (1995) may apply
to these Prescribed Activities owing to their potential pollution
problems. Minimum buffer distance to residential areas are
recommended for each category, but the onus is on the EIA to
demonstrate the adequacy of buffer distances.

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 Third Schedules, Environmental Quality
(Sewage and Industrial Effluents) Regulations
1979. Parameter Limits of Effluents of Standards
A and B
Standard
Parameter Unit
A B
O
(i) Temperature C 40 40
(ii) PH value - 6.0 – 9.0 5.5 – 9.0
(iii) BOD at 20oC mg/L 20 50
(iv) COD mg/L 50 100
(v) Suspended Solids mg/L 50 100
(vi) Mercury mg/L 0.005 0.05
(vii) Cadmium mg/L 0.01 0.02
(viii) Chromium, Hexavalent mg/L 0.05 0.05
ix) Arsenic mg/L 0.05 0.10
(x) Cyanide mg/L 0.05 0.10
(xi) Lead mg/L 0.10 0.5
(xii) Chromium, Trivalent mg/L 0.20 1.0
(xiii) Copper mg/L 0.20 1.0
(xiv) Manganese mg/L 0.20 1.0
(xv) Nickel mg/L 0.20 1.0
(xvi) Tin mg/L 0.20 1.0
(xvii) Zinc mg/L 1.0 1.0
(xviii) Boron mg/L 1.0 4.0
(xix) Iron (Fe) mg/L 1.0 5.0
(xx) Phenol mg/L 0.001 1.0
(xxi) Free Chlorine mg/L 1.0 2.0
(xxii) Sulphide mg/L 0.50 0.50
(xxiii) Oil and Grease mg/L ND 10.0
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Proposed Interim National Water Quality
Standards for Malaysia

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Air Quality Standards: Recommended Malaysian
Guidelines (at 25oC and 101.13kPa)
Pollutant and Averagi ng Malaysia Guidelines Target Year for
Method Time Compliance
ppm mg/m3

Ozone 1 hour 0.10 200 1995

AS2524 8 hour 0.06 120

Carbon Monoxide 1 hour 30 35 1995

AS2695 8 hour 9 10

Nitrogen Dioxide 1 hour 0.17 320 1990

AS2447

Sulfur Dioxide 10 minute 0.19 500 1990

AS2523 1 hour 0.13 350
24 hour 0.04 105

Particles TSP 24 hour 260 1995

AS2724.3 1 year 90

PM 10 24 hour 150 1995

AS2724.6 1 year 50

Lead 3 mont h 1.5 1991

AS2800

Pollutant and Averaging Time Malaysia Guidelines Target Year for Compliance
Method (mg/m2/day)

Dustfall 1 year 133 1995

AS2724.1
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 Recommended Noise Exposure Limits

Environment Recommended Effects

Maximum Leq Level

Industrial/Occupational 75 dB(A)Leq (8-hr) Predictable risk of hearing impairment at higher

levels
Community/Urban:
Daytime 55 dB(A)Leq Annoyance increases at higher levels
Nighttime 45 dB(A)Leq Difficulties in falling asleep at higher levels

Indoor/Domestic:
Daytime 45 dB(A)Leq Speech communication deteriorates at higher
Nighttime 35 dB(A)Leq levels
Increased awakenings at higher
levels

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Guidelines For The Siting And Zoning of
Industries with the Recommended Noise Level at
the Factory Boundary and the Buffer Zone to the
Nearest Residential Areas

Category Type of Industries Noise Level at Boundary Buffer Zone to

of Factory Residential Area
(m)

Light Industries Clean and light – no fuel
burning equipment
General Industries:
Category A Cannot produce toxic or
dangerous materials
£ 60 dB(A) daytime 200 – 500
³ 50 dB(A) nighttime
£ 60 dB(A) daytime 500 – 1000
³ 50 dB(A) nighttime

Category B Can produce some odour, £ 65 dB(A) daytime 1000 – 1500

fumes and noise ³ 55 dB(A) nighttime
Special Industries Can give rise to air, water Not recommended 1500 - 3000
and noise pollution

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Atmospheric Stability According to Pasquill

ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY

The stability of the atmosphere is its tendency to resist or enhance vertical motion. Stability is related to both wind
shear and vertical temperature profile, but it is generally the latter, which is used as an indicator of stability. The six
Pasquill stability classes usually defined are:
A extremely unstable
B moderately unstable
C slightly unstable
D neutral
E slightly stable
F moderately stable

The meteorological conditions under which each of these stability classes normally exist are shown in the
following table:

Surface Day Night

Wind Speed Incoming Solar Radiation Thinly Overcast or £3/8
(at 10m) m/s Strong Moderate Slight ³4/8 Low Cloud Cloud
<2 A A–B B - -
2–3 A–B B C E F
3–5 B B–C C D E
5–6 C C –D D D D
>6 C D D D D

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Ecological Assessment Considerations

5. Habitat and ecosystem priority rating;

6. Habitat integrity, a degree of disturbance or disruption to ecosystem
function;
7. Vulnerability and likely significance of off-site, consequential impacts
especially, but by no means confined to ecologically or environmentally
sensitive areas;
8. Habitat fragmentation on local and regional perspectives;
9. Likely efficacy of any trade-off or surrogate conservation measures;
10. Presence of project locality, regionally and nationally endemic species;
11. Presence of other species of conservation significance listed by IUCN,
CITES based on economic or socio-economic significance;
12. Presence of environmentally sensitive areas.

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