Roll No.

: U18EC038
Name: Patel Timir

EXPERIMENT – 4
Date: 23/08/2021
AIM: Design and implement instrumentation amplifier with gain 6.
THEORY:
An instrumentation amplifier allows an engineer to adjust the gain of an amplifier circuit
without having to change more than one resistor value. Compare this to the differential
amplifier, which we covered previously, which requires the adjustment of multiple resistor
values.
The so-called instrumentation amplifier builds on the last version of the differential amplifier
to give us that capability:
The instrumentation amplifier using op-amp circuit is shown below. The op-amps 1 & 2 are
non-inverting amplifiers and op-amp 3 is a difference amplifier. These three op-amps together,
form an instrumentation amplifier. Instrumentation amplifier’s final output Vout is the
amplified difference of the input signals applied to the input terminals of op-amp 3.Let the
outputs of op-amp 1 and op-amp 2 be Vo1 and Vo2 respectively.

Vout = (R3/R2){(2R1+Rgain)/Rgain}(V1-V2)

The advantages of the instrumentation amplifier include the following.

• The gain of a three op-amp instrumentation amplifier circuit can be easily varied by adjusting
the value of only one resistor Rgain.
• The gain of the amplifier depends only on the external resistors used.
• The input impedance is very high due to the emitter follower configurations of amplifiers 1
and 2
• The output impedance of the instrumentation amplifier is very low due to the difference
amplifier3.
• The CMRR of the op-amp 3 is very high and almost all of the common mode signal will be
rejected.
 Roll No.: U18EC038
Name: Patel Timir

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
• Instrumentation Amplifier

SIMULATION RESULT:
• Instrumentation Amplifier
 Roll No.: U18EC038
Name: Patel Timir

CALCULATION:
ei1 = 0V , ei2 = 2V R4 =10K ohm R3 =5K ohm R1 = 20K ohm
For R2 = 100K ohm
Vout = (R4/R3)(1+(2R1/R2))(ei2 – ei1)V
Vout = (10K/5K)(1+(2*20K//100K))(2 – 0)V
Vout = 5.6V

ei2 = 2V R4 =10K ohm R3 =5K ohm R1 = 20K ohm R2 = 20K ohm

For ei1 = 2
Vout = (R4/R3)(1+(2R1/R2))(ei2 – ei1)V
Vout = (10K/5K)(1+(2*20K//20K))(2 – 2)V
Vout = 0V

OBSERVATION TABLE:
• Varying R2
R2(k ohm) Vout(v)Theoretical Vout(v) Practical
20 12 12.002
25 10.4 10.403
30 9.33 9.336
40 8 8.003
50 7.2 7.203
100 5.6 5.603

• Varying ei1 and R2 =20Kohm

ei1(V) Vout(v)Theoretical Vout(v)) Practical
0 12 12.002
1 6 6.003
2 0 3.112m
3 -6 -5.997
4 -12 -11.996
5 -18 -14.117
 Roll No.: U18EC038
Name: Patel Timir

GRAPH:

(i) Vout Vs R5

(ii) Vout Vs ei1

CONCLUSION:
In this experiment we have implemented the Instrumentation Amplifier and compared the output
voltage with theoretical values and plotted the graphs. We 1st varied Rg and took reading and then by
varying ei1 we took reading. As Rg increase Vout decrease and as ei1 increase Vout decrease and it
becomes saturated at some value.