Project Management Modules Explained

MODULES IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT
MODULE 1
Definition of Terms
In the 20+ years of teaching of the author, it has been

a practice that at the start of the semester, terms of the
subject’s descriptive title are defined. This practice lays
down a glimpse of how the subject will evolve and hopefully
create enthusiasm from the learners.
The subject title is Project Management. What follows

is the definition of each term in the title:
 Project
 plan or scheme
 task or planned program
of work
 Management
 the process of dealing

with or controlling things
or people
 Importance of project management in the Bachelor

of Science in Information Technology degree
 graduates of the degree program must not be content

of just being job-seekers
 they must be the
 job providers
 creator of jobs
 entrepreneurs
 own boss
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In these hard times that the Philippines is facing a

serious economic crisis and the national government could
not provide well-paying jobs to its citizens, it would be an
ideal setting for the UDM IT graduates to help contribute in
providing for employment and not just be a mere statistic in
the list of unemployed – which was sarcastically called
available manpower by the Department of Labor.
Attributes of a project
A project is an endeavor to accomplish a specific objective

through a unique set of interrelated tasks and the effective
utilization of resources. The following attributes help define
a project: OUTCURT
 A project has a well-defined objective – an expected

result or product. The objective of a project is usually
defined in terms of scope, schedule, and cost. For
example, the objective of a project might be to introduce
to the market a new product in 10 months and within a
budget of P 50,000. Furthermore, it is expected that the
work scope will be accomplished in a quality manner and
to the customer’s satisfaction.
 A project is carried out through a series of interdependent

tasks – that is, a number of nonrepetitive tasks that need
to be accomplished in a certain sequence in order to
achieve the project objective.
 A project utilizes various resources to carry out the

tasks. Such resources can include different people,
organizations, equipment, materials and facilities.
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 A project has a specific time frame, or finite life span. It

has a start time and a date by which the objective must
be accomplished. For example, the refurbishing of an
elementary school might have to be completed between
June 20 and August 20.
 A project may be a unique or one-time endeavor. Some

projects – like designing and building a space station –
are unique because they have never been attempted.
Other projects, such as developing a new product,
building a house, or planning a wedding, are unique
because of the customization required. For example, a
wedding can be a simple and informal occasion, with a
few friends in a chapel, or a spectacular event staged for
a prince.
 A project has a customer. The customer is the entity

that provides the funds necessary to accomplish the
project – it can be a person, an organization, or a group
of two or more people or organizations. When a
contractor builds a customized home for a couple, the
couple is the customer funding the project. When a
company receives funds from the government to develop
a robotic device for handling radioactive material, the
customer is the government agency. When a company
provides funds for a team of its employees to upgrade the
firm’s management information system, the term
customer takes on a broader definition, including not only
the project funder (the company’s management) but also
other stakeholders, such as the people who will be the
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end users of the information system. The person

managing the project and the project team must
successfully accomplish the project objective to satisfy the
customer(s).
 Finally, a project involves a degree of uncertainty.

Before a project is started, a plan is prepared based on
certain assumptions and estimates. It is important to
document this assumption, since they will influence the
development of the project budget, schedule and work
scope. A project is based on a unique set of tasks, and
estimates of how long each task should take, various
resources and assumptions about the availability and
capability of those resources, and estimates of the costs
associated with the resources. This combination of
assumptions and estimates causes a degree of
uncertainty that the project objective will be completely
accomplished. For example, the project scope may be
accomplished by the target date, but the final cost may be
much higher than anticipated because of low initial
estimates for the cost of certain resources. As the project
proceeds, some of the assumptions will be refined or
replaced with factual information. For example, once the
conceptual design of a company of a company’s annual
report is finalized, the amount of time and effort needed
to complete the detailed design and printing can be better
estimated.
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Factors To Consider for a Successful Project
The successful accomplishment of the project objective

is usually determined by four factors namely: scope, cost,
schedule and customer satisfaction.
 Project scope => the totality of the work that must be

done so as to satisfy the would-be customers that
deliverables conform to the requirements or acceptance
criteria agreed upon at the beginning of the project.
 Cost => the amount based on a budget that may include

an estimate of the costs associated with the variety of
resources that may be tapped for the successful
completion of a project. Resources could be any of the
following like: materials and supplies, rental of facilities,
or consultation fees.
 Schedule => the timetable that specifies when each of

the tasks will begin and end. More often than not, the
project objective usually states the time by which the
project scope must be completed in terms of a specific
date.
 Customer satisfaction => this goes beyond just
completing the project scope within budget and on
schedule or asking the would-be customer outright if he
or she is satisfied. This entails constant communication
between the project team and the would-be customer so
as to demonstrate genuine concern that goals and
objectives are met and prevents unpleasant surprises
later.
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Cost Schedul
e
Scope
Customer
Satisfactio
n
Factors To Consider for a Successful Project
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MODULE 2
The Project Team
Jorge H. Cuyugan wrote in his book, A Business

Planning Manual that as a general rule, nobody has a
monopoly of knowledge. The members of a project team
should possess varied skills that cover all the different fields
required in a project management. He suggested that it
would be ideal if a project team is grouped with members
who have better understandings on different aspects so as
not to place too much emphasis and concentration on only a
few aspects. Another drawback of this is that the “team
leader” usually does practically all the work. Moreover, too
many members in a project team will definitely produce
“parasites” – some of whom would not care to contribute
anything to the team, even the encoding of the
documentation.
Each project team must be headed by a team leader.

This person has the main responsibility of planning,
organizing, directing and supervising all the activities until
the project is completed. However, while he will be the
team leader, the other members must do his part in
contributing anything to the best of his ability for the
success of the team.
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Mr. Cuyugan listed the outside specialists that a project

team may consult and they are the following:
 Lawyers who will provide valuable

legal information and pieces of
advice.
 Corporate Managers who may help in the

proposal of operations and management
strategies including marketing and
production schemes and designs.
 Engineers and Contractors who will help

in the preparation of estimates and other
technical expenses related to the
proposed project.
 Accountants who will be of valuable help in

the proposal/design/management of the
proposed project’s financial requirements.
Project Team Development and Effectiveness
Jack Gido and James Clements wrote in their book,

Successful Project Management, that a team is a group of
individuals working interdependently to achieve a common
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goal. Teamwork is a cooperative effort by the members of

a project team to achieve that common goal. The
effectiveness or lack thereof of the project team can make
the difference between project success and project failure.
While it is true that plans and management techniques are
essential, it is the people composed of the team leader and
the members who are the key to project success. For a
project to succeed, it will require an effective project team.
B.W. Tuckman designed the four stages of project team
development: forming, storming, norming, and performing.
FORMING
First Stage
STORMING
Second Stage
Third Stage NORMING
Fourth
PERFORMING
Stage
Stages of Project Team Development
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First Stage: Forming
It is the initial stage of the team development process.

It involves the transition from individual to team member.
Similar to the courting phase of a relationship, it is when
individuals on the project team begin to get acquainted.
During this stage, team members generally have positive
expectations and are eager to get started on the work to be
accomplished. The group begins to establish an identity and
attempts to define and plan the tasks that need to be done.
In this phase, however, little actual work is accomplished
because of the high level of anxiety that individuals have
about the work itself and their relationships with each other.
Team members are unsure of their own roles and the roles
of the other members of the project team. In the forming
stage, the project team needs direction. Members depend
on the team leader to provide direction and structure.
The members learn about the project they will be
working on, discuss the project's objectives or goals and
start to think about what role they will play on the project
team. They are not yet working on the project. They are,
effectively, "feeling each other out" and finding their way
around how they might work together.
Feelings characteristic of this stage include excitement,
anticipation, suspicion, anxiety and hesitancy. Individuals
do a lot of questioning in the forming stage.
After you have formed your own groups, which you did
by selecting freely who will join your team, accomplish the
task on the next page. You need to work on the task as a
group but submit individual papers.
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Team Development Exercise 1 - Forming
Name __________ Subject/Yr&Sec

Name _______________ Subject/Yr&Sec _______
___ Date _______
Date _______
1. What is the name of your group?

________________________________________________
2. Draw a flowchart and describe each of the steps that you

have undertaken in coming up with the group name.
3. Write the name for each member of the group. Opposite

each name, write the reason/s for choosing the individual
to become part of the group.
Team Leader: _______________ _________________

Members:
1. ________________________ _________________
2. ________________________ _________________
3. ________________________ _________________
4. ________________________ _________________
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Second Stage: Storming
As the team begins to work together, they move into

the "storming" stage. This stage is not avoidable; every
team - most especially a new team who has never worked
together before - goes through this part of developing as a
team. In this stage, the team members compete with each
other for status and for acceptance of their ideas. They have
different opinions on what should be done and how it should
be done - which causes conflict within the team. As they go
progress through this stage, with the guidance of the team
leader, they learn how to solve problems together, function
both independently and together as a team, and settle into
roles and responsibilities on the team. For team members
who do not like conflict, this is a difficult stage to go
through.
The team leader needs to be adept at facilitating the

team through this stage - ensuring the team members learn
to listen to each other and respect their differences and
ideas. This includes not allowing any one team member to
control all conversations and to facilitate contributions from
all members of the team. The team leader will need to coach
some team members to be more assertive and other team
members on how to be more effective listeners.
This stage will come to a closure when the team

becomes more accepting of each other and learns how to
work together for the good of the project. At this point, the
team leader should start transitioning some decision making
to the team to allow them more independence, but still stay
involved to resolve any conflicts as quickly as possible.
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Some teams, however, do not move beyond this stage

and the entire project is spent in conflict and low morale and
motivation, making it difficult to get the project completed.
Usually teams comprised of members who are professionally
immature will have a difficult time getting past this stage.
Feelings characteristic of this stage include resentment,

hostility, and withdrawal.
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Team Development Exercise 2 - Storming
Name _______________ Subject/Yr&Sec _______ Date _______

Name __________ Subject/Yr&Sec ___ Date _______
1. What is the name of your group?

________________________________________________
2. Perform the following:
A. Mobile phone/Cell phone game
This is a simple and funny activity for groups.

The exercise especially demonstrates the influential power of mobile
phones (and by inference other communications methods such as
emails) to disrupt effective working, time management and
organizational efficiency.
Normally groups in training sessions are asked to switch off their mobile
phones/cell phones.
Try a different twist:
 Switch on your phones.
 Select the loudest, most annoying message alert tone.
 Text a friend (or two or several friends each) whom you know to
be keen in responding to text messages.
Continue with the activity.
B. Day Colours / Colours Exercise
This is a very simple quick and fascinating exercise.

 Close your eyes and imagine the days of the week
 What colour is each day?
 Write down the colour of each day
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Observations:
Significance of Activity A:
Check the colors you chose for each day:
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Black
Blue
Brown
Green
Orange
Red
Violet
Yellow
Significance of Activity B:
Create a tally (with totals for each color) by adding another
column after the last day of the week.
Third Stage: Norming
When the team moves into the "norming" stage, they

are beginning to work more effectively as a team. They are
no longer focused on their individual goals, but rather are
focused on developing a way of working together (processes
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and procedures). They respect each other's opinions and

value their differences. They begin to see the value in those
differences on the team. Working together as a team seems
more natural. In this stage, the team has agreed on their
team rules for working together, how they will share
information and resolve team conflict, and what tools and
processes they will use to get the job done. The team
members begin to trust each other and actively seek each
other out for assistance and input. Rather than compete
against each other, they are now helping each other to work
toward a common goal. The team members also start to
make significant progress on the project as they begin
working together more effectively.
In this stage, the team leader may not be as involved

in decision making and problem solving since the team
members are working better together and can take on more
responsibility in these areas. The team has greater self-
direction and is able to resolve issues and conflict as a
group. On occasion, however, the team leader may step in
to move things along if the team gets stuck. The team
leader should always ensure that the team members are
working collaboratively and may begin to function as a coach
to the members of the team.
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Team Development Exercise 3 - Norming
1. What is the name of your group? ___________________

Who is your group leader? ________________________
A. Coin logo
 Take all the coins out of your pockets/purses and put them on the
armchair of the group leader.
You have five minutes to make a logo - representing your group -
from the coins.
You can add other items to be included in the logos, for example
pens, phones, diaries, etc.
 How many minutes did it take you to construct the logo?
______ (5 minutes or less = 5 points, over 5 minutes = 2 points)
 Take a picture of your logo and save as Group Name Logo.

Attach the file later when you turn in your exercise.
 Describe your logo, how it looks like and its meaning:
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
B. Paper Tower
 Get a single sheet of bond paper for the team
 Using the sheet of paper only - no other materials - construct the
tallest free-standing structure - in 5 minutes.
 How many minutes did it take you to construct the tower?
______ (5 minutes or less = 5 points, over 5 minutes = 2 points)
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 Take a picture of your tower and save as Group Name Tower.

Attach the file later when you turn in your exercise.
 What was the height of your tower? ________________________
 What were the effects on people and performance from the

pressure of time?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
 What innovative ideas were devised to construct the tower?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
 Would the team be able to improve their result at a second

attempt? (Almost certainly.) Discuss how and why.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
 What do you think is the single tool or additional material (no

larger than the width of the paper sheet) would achieve the
greatest improvement to the result?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
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Fourth Stage: Performing
In the "performing" stage, teams are functioning at a

very high level. The focus is on reaching the goal as a group.
The team members have gotten to know each other, trust
each other and rely on each other.
Not every team makes it to this level of team growth

because some teams stop at Third Stage: Norming. The
highly performing team functions without oversight and the
members have become interdependent. The team is highly
motivated to get the job done. They can make decisions and
solve problems quickly and effectively. When they disagree,
the team members can work through it and come to
consensus without interrupting the project's progress. If
there needs to be a change in team processes - the team
will come to agreement on changing processes on their own
without reliance on the team leader.
In this stage, the team leader is not involved in

decision making, problem solving or other such activities
involving the day-to-day work of the team. The team
members work effectively as a group and do not need the
oversight that is required at the other stages. The team
leader will continue to monitor the progress of the team and
celebrate milestone achievements with the team to continue
to build team camaraderie. The team leader will also serve
as the gateway when decisions need to be reached at a
higher level within the organization.
Even in this stage, there is a possibility that the team

may revert back to another stage. For example, it is possible
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for the team to revert back to the "storming" stage if one of

the members starts working independently. Or, the team
could revert back to the "forming" stage if a new member
joins the team. If there are significant changes that throw a
wrench into the works, it is possible for the team to revert
back to an earlier stage until they are able to manage
through the change.
The figure below shows how an individual goes through

a process of being independent first, then joins a team
learning to be dependent with other members which
consequently leads to interdependence, and finally, as the
project is completed the individual gets separated from the
other members of the group and becomes independent
again.
Independence
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Team Development Exercise 4 - Performing
1. What is the name of your group? ___________________

Who is your group leader? ________________________
A. Accomplish the activity entitled “Ang Tatlong Minutong

Pagsasanay.”
B. Create a team cheer (minimum – 1 minute, maximum

– 2 minutes). Save the video as Group Name Cheer
and attach the file when you turn in your Edmodo
activities.
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To summarize, the table below shows the different

stages of team development with both the individual and
group issues listed.
Is the Team Effective or Not?
There are various indicators of whether a team is

working effectively together as a group. The characteristics
of effective, successful teams include:
 Clear communication among all members. (IN THE LOOP)

 Regular brainstorming session with all members
participating.
 Consensus among team members.
 Problem solving done by the group.
 Commitment to the project and the other team members.
 Regular team meetings are effective and inclusive.
 Timely hand off from team members to others to ensure
the project keeps moving in the right direction.
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 Positive, supportive working relationships among all team

members. (COVER THE ASS)
Teams that are not working effectively together will

display the characteristics listed below. The team leader will
need to be actively involved with such teams. The sooner
the team leader addresses issues and helps the team move
to a more effective way of working together, the more likely
the project is to end successfully.
 Lack of communication among team members.

 No clear roles and responsibilities for team members.
 Team members "throw work over the wall" to other team
members, with lack of concern for timelines or work
quality.
 Team members work alone, rarely sharing information
and offering assistance.
 Team members blame others for what goes wrong, no
one accepts responsibility. “PASSING THE BUCK”
 Team members do not support others on the team.
 Team members are frequently absent thereby causing
slippage in the timeline and additional work for their team
members.
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The following tables show the task roles, process roles

and dysfunctional behaviours that a team member may
manifest or show in the different stages.
Task Roles
Information Offers authoritative information or data

Giver
Information Asks for clarification or accuracy of statements

Seeker
Initiator Makes suggestions or proposes new ideas
Opinion Giver States beliefs or opinions relative to the

discussion
Elaborator Elaborates on ideas and suggestions
Consensus Polls the group for its readiness to make

Seeker decision or resolve conflicts
Clarifier Interprets or explains facts or opinions
Standard Establishes criteria for evaluating opinions,

Setter ideas, or decisions
Representative Reports the team’s progress or actions outside

the team
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Process Roles
Encouraging Being open to others’ opinion or feelings
even if they are different.
Gate keeping Openly taking interest in what others say
and facilitating communication. “Listen with
the ear of your heart”
Listening Paying close attention to what others talk
about.
Harmonizing Negotiating or relieving tension when
appropriate.
Yielding Giving up an unpopular view and admitting
mistakes.
Accepting Respecting and promoting differences.
Supporting Giving team members permission to feel
good about their successes.
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Dysfunctional Team Member Behaviours
Condescending Putting down team member contributions
as irrelevant.
Bullying Being inconsiderate of other team
member’s needs.
Blocking Arguing too much on a point and rejecting
expressed ideas without consideration
Avoiding Not paying attention to facts or relevant
ideas.
Withdrawing Acting passive or indifferent, wandering
from the subject of discussion.
Joking Excessive playing around, telling jokes,
and mimicking other members.
Dominating Excessive talking, interrupting others,
criticizing, and blaming.
Self-Seeking Putting one’s personal needs before the
team’s needs.
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Name ___________ Subject/Yr&Sec __ Date _______
1 2 3 4

5 6

7

8 9

10

11

12

13
14
15

16

17

18

ACROSS DOWN
1. totality of the work 1. conflict
2. legal advice 3. financial advice
5. initial stage 4. head of a project team
6. creator of team 7. high level of confidence
development stages 12. search for facts
7. act of offering something 15. same as adjourning
8. agreement on rules
9. provider of funds
10. budget
11. expected result or product
13. novel
14. finite life span
16. cooperative effort
17. plan or scheme
18. members go on own
different ways
Module 3
Proposing Topics for Project Management
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After you have learned about the project team and its
stages that include forming, storming, norming and
performing, the next step would be to propose topics for the
project management.
Reality will now set in. You will have feelings of anxiety
and hesitation but remember that you were given the
freedom to choose your groupmates. So, whether you like
them or not, you are stuck with them for the rest of this
semester. It is hoped that you will work cooperatively with
one another to achieve your objectives.
Proposing a topic for the project study is indeed a

tough job! Questions you may ask: where do we start?,
how do we obtain data? are we sure we really want our
topic?
What is the theme for the project management?
During the previous years, the theme for the project

management proposals centered on recyclable materials
with application of Information Technology (I.T.) on the
products or services that will be created.
For this academic year, the theme will focus on
disruptive technologies which obviously falls under the
I.T. industry.
The website http://www.mckinsey.com/business-
functions/business-technology/our-insights/disruptive-
technologies describes the different disruptive technologies
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that the whole world is undergoing right now – which would
permeate the lives of each and every person. Hence, this is
but the right time to grab the opportunity of coming up with
project management proposals that would align with the
emerging trends in the I.T. industry.
The following images show the different disruptive
technologies listing the component technologies and key
applications that goes with each technology:
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Where to start?
If you are finding it hard to find a topic for your project

management, here are some tips:
 Project study done by previous students
You may consult the project managements done by

students of the past years. However, you are strongly
reminded not to simply copy their work because you might
be sued for plagiarism or violation of intellectual property
rights. If this happens, then there are two things that may
happen: face a legal battle, and unsuccessful completion of
your degree program. So as not to face any dilemma,
remember to use the previous project managements in the
right way – simply as a guide or reference that may prove
relevant with the current study.
 Project study topics approved by previous professors
Each of the past professors who have handled the

subject has his or her own style. You may consult the
approved topics for the past academic years because this
may give you a hint on what to propose for your own study.
As for our present set-up, it is highly recommended that
since you are taking up an IT-related course, then the
proposed study should be in relation with your major field of
specialization.
 Brain-storming with your groupmates
We often hear the cliché, “two heads are better than

one”, but in our set-up there are 5 members in a group, so
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it is expected that you could come up with sensible topics for

your project study. As we have discussed in previous
sessions, you should choose a topic that will be of interest to
all members of the group so as not to create dissatisfaction
and alienation. Moreover, the task at hand will be more
burdensome if you are unhappy with the proposed topic you
are working on.
 Last resort – parents, friends, relatives
If all else fails and you still do not have a topic to work
on, then you may consult your parents. As they say,
parents know best when it comes to their offsprings’
welfare. However, since you and your parents do not belong
to the same generation, then you may find their suggestions
too traditional, conservative and “old school”. The same
thing can be said with your relatives and other members of
the family. The last resort then would be your friends! But,
remember your friends also have the same predicament so
do not bother them anymore.
Where to start?
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How to obtain data?
This is the crucial part. As Alvin Toffler wrote in his

book, The Third Wave, we are living in the third phase
known as Information Age. He coined the term information
overload which refers to the vast amount of knowledge that
an average person confronts in his daily life. Information
has become a vital company resource after people, money
and equipment. The problem lies in how you are going to
treat the data that are in your possession so that it will be of
relevant help to your proposed study.
With the crisis our country is presently experiencing,

you should take into consideration economical data
gathering techniques which may be in the form of any of the
following: internet browsing at the BedaNet station, book
browsing at the CAS library, Informal conversation with
experts and surveys.
To lend more understanding on the topic of library

resources, another author wrote that library resources are
usually divided into primary, secondary and tertiary
resources.
Researches are usually built on primary sources and
supported by secondary sources.
Under the primary sources, the author listed some
examples like books and journal articles that present original
material, audio/video recordings, statistics, laboratory
reports, diaries and letters and research results.
On the other hand, secondary sources are writings that
analyze the primary sources. They are mainly used for
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presenting the views of others about primary sources.

Some examples of secondary sources are books that
interpret or analyze the primary sources, conference
publications, periodical articles and encyclopedias and
handbooks that discuss the primary sources.
Examples of tertiary sources listed by the author were
publisher’s catalogs, bookshop catalogs, library joint
catalogues, encyclopedias and handbooks that discuss the
secondary sources, bibliographies, periodical indexes,
company and service catalogs, abstract publications and
reference databases.
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Team Exercise 2
Name _________ Subject/Yr&Sec ___Date _______

The title says this is a team exercise, BUT, you will be
working individually. Follow the following guidelines:
 Class president approaches the counter to get the form
where you will write your name as documentation that
you visited the library.
 Look for a topic. Remember, this year’s theme is about
disruptive technologies, so your study should be both
related to the theme and your academic specialization
which is Information Technology.
 Accomplish the table below and submit to your professor.
Suggested Title of
Topic
Type of Reference
Material (book,
magazine, journal,
web page, etc.)
Title of the Material
Name of Author/s
Disruptive Technology
Reasons for choosing the topic
1.
2.
3.
 After accomplishing the table, meet as a group and decide which of the
topics you will pursue for your project management.
Team Exercise 3
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Name ___________ Subject/Yr&Sec __ Date _______
Name of Topic Comments/Suggestions

Group
Page 42
Module 4
Preparation of Chapter 1
Introduction and Background of the Study
After going through that gruelling topic defense, here

comes now the tough part. Has reality set in? It should
have sunk into each and everyone’s mind by now. “Get your
feet wet” even when many of you are still “wet behind the
ears.” This is now the real thing, this is IT!
Write an introductory paragraph that will describe the
contents of the chapter. Each heading for this chapter is
written in boldface font.
Background of the Study

In this part, explain thoroughly the source of the idea –
from forming your group, going to the library, brainstorming
with group mates up to defending your topic in front of the
class.
Give an orientation of the environment, context or
situation out of which the objectives will be drawn. You may
write here the directive that all researches for the academic
year has the theme related to disruptive technologies. Do
not forget that you have to include the other theme which is
information technology – your field of specialization.
Follow this up by stating the name of the company and
the product or service that your group will pursue as the
project proposal. It would be ideal to also justify how you
came up with your company name.
Page 43
As they say, “a picture paints a thousand words”,

provide an illustration of the product or a clear description of
the service so as to give the reader a bird’s eye view of what
it is all about.
In either textual or graphical mode or both, present the
history of the product or service especially if you will be
entering the market with players currently offering the
same. Now, if your product or service is new, you may say
that you are offering a novelty item then state what
distinguishing characteristics consumers may receive.
Finally, provide a smooth transition to the next section,
veering towards an indication that research is needed to
reduce uncertainty or doubt in the area discussed in the
background.
Objectives of the Study

State the general and specific objectives of the study.
After this, state the specific objectives for Chapters 2 to 6.
Chapter 2 Market Study
Chapter 3 Technical Study
Chapter 4 Organization and Management Study
Chapter 5 Financial Study
Chapter 6 Socio-economic Study
Chapter 7 Conclusion
Page 44
Justification and Importance of the Study

State the reason/s why the study should be
undertaken. Give the significance that the study will render
to:
 Colleagues
 Future investors
 Business and industry
 Academe
 Consumers and suppliers
 Authors and researchers
Page 45
Team Exercise 4
Name __________ Subject/Yr&Sec ___ Date _______
Title of the Project management Proposal
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Title of Heading / Part

_______________________________________________________
Page 46
Definition of terms
Give the definition of terms as they are used in the

study. Pay special attention to the terms or concepts in the
title, objectives of the study, and other
sections which analyze or develop an understanding

of the study.
Scope and Limitations of the Project
Give the coverage of the project. Give the constraints

and restraints pressed upon the researchers in the course of
their conduct of the project.
Methodology
Cite the sources of your data. Acknowledge the source

of data by giving the complete names of individuals,
agencies and institutions including the date or period
covered. Describe how and where the data were obtained.
If mathematical tools were used, indicate the purpose
of the usage. (frequency, percentage, ranking)
Page 47
Team Exercise 5
Name ___________ Subject/Yr&Sec ___ Date ______
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Title of Heading / Part

_______________________________________________________
Page 48
Module 5
Market Study

Objectives of the proposed project

State the purpose of the chapter and give the general
and specific objectives.
Respondents of the project
Identify the respondents by:
 naming the area covered by the study (ex. U-belt,

Manila),
 describing the demographic profile of the respondents
(ex. age, gender, etc.), and
 describing the psychographic profile of the respondents
(ex. behaviours on buying habits)
Sample size determination
Compute for the number of respondents by using the

Sloven’s formula
N
n= ----------
1+Ne2
Page 49
where:
N = population (number of people that qualify in the area of
study)
e = margin of error (5%)
n = sample size (number of respondents)
Example for computing sample size
The College of Engg and Tech of UDM has a population

of 3,000 students. The margin of error to be used is 5%.
3000
n = --------------------------------
(1 + [(3000)* (0.05) ^ 2)]
3000
n = ------------------------
1 + (3000*0.0025)
3000
n = --------------
1 + 7.5
n = 352.94 = 353
Page 50
Sampling technique
Choose one method that is most applicable from the list
shown below:
Probability sampling
 Random sampling by lottery
 Systematic sampling
 Stratified sampling
 Multi-stage sampling
 Use of random table
Non-probability sampling
 Convenience sampling
 Purposive sampling
Questionnaire formulation
A sample of questionnaire must be placed in the

Appendix and should contain the following:
 Introduction
Write a cover letter which contains the introduction of

the researchers to the respondent, the presentation of the
survey, request for cooperation in answering the
questionnaire and an assurance on the confidentiality of the
responses.
Page 51
Example of a cover letter
__________, 20__
Dear respondent/s,
Peace!
We are 3rd year students taking up BS IT program at

Universidad De Manila and enrolled in the subject Project
Management. At present, we are conducting a “ Project
Management Proposal on XXXXXXXX”.
May we request some of your time to accomplish our survey

questionnaire. Rest assured that all data will be treated with
strict confidentiality.
Thank you very much.
Ronnie Magsanoc
Group Leader
Member 1 Member 2 Member 3
Member 4 Member 5
Noted by:
Prof. ReyM. Caranguian

Project Management Professor
Page 52
 Demographic profile of the respondent like age, sex,

social class, and other things as needed. (number of
siblings, family size, ordinal rank in the family)
 Psychographic profile of the respondent like perception,

attitude, and other things as needed.
 Behavioral characteristics of the respondent like

product purchase and product usage.
 Cover the P’s of Marketing
 Product
 Price
 Place
 Promotion
 People
Page 53
Example of a questionnaire
Name (optional) _______________________________
Put a check for your answer.
Age Gender
___ 18 – 20 ___ Male

___ 21 – 23 ___ Female
(sample layout)
1. Are you familiar with ______?
2. How did you learn about the _______?
3. How often do you buy _______?
4. How much do you usually pay?
5. What are things/features that you look for in a product?
6. If a new product will be introduced, are you willing to
buy?
Page 54
 Conduct a Pre-test on five persons outside the sample

size. This is done to validate the questions. Give
appropriate instructions on how the questionnaire will be
answered.
 Analysis of the data gathered
In this part, define and use descriptive analysis method

of research. Present an in-depth analysis using tables and
graphs and draw conclusions from the information obtained.
Your primary consideration here is to determine whether
there is market demand and if it is enough.
 Market Description
In this part, give a brief description of the target

market to include the following:
 market size and composition (ex. 4200 people, male

and female)
 population and age group (ex. 4200 students, 16-22
years old)
 location and area (ex. Manila, University Belt in
Mendiola)
 job category and income level (ex. employees, average
salary)
 growth (ex. number of siblings in the family)
 segments in relation to the total (ex. CAS versus the
entire SBC size)
 family size (ex. Number of members in the family)
 gender
Page 55
Research for the Demand
After the data analysis part, summarize the Market

Research by doing the following:
 State the demand situation of your product or service.
 What was the annual volume of the domestic demand

for the past 10 years ?
YEAR PAST ANNUAL DOMESTIC

DEMAND (UNITS)
2012
2011
.
.
.
.
2003
Table #. Past Annual Domestic Demand
 Give the major consumers of your product or service.
Page 56
 Make a demand projection for five years, indicating the

method of projection used and the reason in choosing
such method.
YEAR PROJECTED ANNUAL

DOMESTIC DEMAND (UNITS)
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Table #. Projected Annual Domestic Demand
Page 57
Straight Line Method of Projection

This is a very simple tool of projection. It assumes that
the annual increase in the future will be the same although
the rate of increase in percent will keep on going down. This
may be used in making quick but rough estimates. In
formal studies, this method may be used only if the annual
increments in the figures are always positive and do not
vary greatly.
Year Actual Projected

2001 1500
2002 1600 1583.33
2003 1300 1683.33
2004 1100 1383.33
2005 1200 1183.33
2006 900 1283.33
2007 1000 983.33
2008 800 1083.33
2009 900 883.33
2010 2250 983.33
Steps:
1. Obtain the difference between the first year and the last year figures of the
historical data.
2250
-1500
750
2. Subtract 1 from the number of years of the historical data

2001to 2010 = 10 years - 1 = 9
3. Divide the difference obtained in Step 1 using the number

of years obtained in Step 2 to get the average annual
increase
Average Annual Increase : 750 / 9 = 83.33
4. Add the average annual increase (Step 3) to the recorded

figures in the previous year to get the projected figures.
Yp for 2002 = 1583.33

Research for the Supply
Page 58
For this part, which is a very vital part in the realization

of the product or service, perform the following tasks:
 Give the supply situation of your market (source,

frequency of ordering items, storage method, re-order
level)
 Obtain information on the supply for the past 10 years if

available. It may consist of locally produced or imported
items.
 Get the names of the companies producing them, their

production capacity, brands and market share.
 Make a projection of supply for the next 5 years. Indicate

the method of projection used and the reason for use of
such projection.
 Make an in-depth analysis and draw conclusions.
Demand and Supply Analysis
After determining the demand and supply, analyze both

by doing the following:
 Prepare a table showing the supply and demand gap.
Year Demand Supply

2012 900 983.33
2013 1000 983.33
2014 800 1083.33
2015 900 883.33
2016 2250 983.33
 State the portion of the gap which is intended to be

supplied or satisfied. This can be presented through a
Page 59
chart which could be any of the following: column, line,

bar and area charts.
Marketing Program
To realize profit for the proposed product or service, a

sound marketing program should be developed. The
marketing program should have the following contents:
 Quality, brand, packaging alternatives. Provide illustration

if necessary,
 Pricing and discounting scheme,
 Advertising and promotion,
 Distribution set-up,
 Budget for salaries, allowances, advertising and

promotion, and
 Organizational set-up of the Marketing Department
Page 60
Module 6
Technical Study
After the market study, the technical aspect of the

project management should be analyzed.
The Product (or Service)

This part of the project management describes the
product or service to be produced. The description should
clearly describe the product as regards specifications like
color, materials to be used, packaging, and appearance.
Manufacturing Process
Describe the manufacturing process and complement
text with a flowchart. After the flowchart has been drawn,
provide a step-by-step explanation.
Office or Shop Size / Schedule of Production and

Operation
Provide an illustration of the office or shop size where
the business will operate.
State the production capacity of the company and both
the schedule of production and operation.
Page 61
Machinery and Equipment
Provide an illustration of the layout of the machines
and pieces of equipment.
Location of the business
Provide a location map of the business. Indicate the
desirability of the location chosen in terms of accessibility
and other factors.
Office / Shop Layout
Illustrate and give the description of the office/shop

layout.
Building and Facilities
Indicate the floor area and show a picture of the
building if necessary.
Raw Materials
If applicable, give a description and the specifications
of the raw materials. Discuss the availability, continuity of
supply, and current and prospective sources. Indicate the
names and addresses of the suppliers.
Page 62
Utilities
Indicate the uses, availability, quantity required and
sources of electricity, fuel, water, phone and internet
connection.
Waste Disposal
Discuss comprehensively the waste
disposal system that you will employ.
Production Cost
Provide a detailed breakdown of production costs and
this should be presented in tabular form.
Labor Requirements
Give a detailed breakdown of the direct and indirect
labor needed.
Page 63
Module 7
Organization and Management Study

Background of the business
State the form of business organization such as
corporation, partnership or cooperative.
Include the amount of infused capitalization of the
business and how much each member will contribute.
Officers and key personnel
State the officers and key personnel according to
positions and functions, qualifications, training and
experience, compensation and benefits and privileges. For
clarity and space-saving concerns, this part should be
presented in tabular form.
Manpower requirements
State the number of personnel needed, qualifications,
job descriptions, wages and salaries, fringe benefits and
privileges. Again, present this in a tabular form.
Page 64
Organizational chart
Illustrate the organizational chart for your business and
attach legal documents in the Appendix.
Pre-operating Activities
Prepare a Gantt chart showing all the activities the
group did from preparing the research proposal until the
actual implementation.
Page 65
Module 8
Financial Study
Give a short introduction for this chapter which is
entitled Financial Study. A paragraph or two would suffice
for this purpose.
Objectives of the financial study
Set the objectives by stating why there is a need to
study the financial aspect of the project management. You
could cite the advantages of having a financial study instead
of just going through the project with no consideration for
the financial aspect.
Major assumptions of the study
In this part, you should provide information on the

following:
 credit terms => standard or negotiated terms offered
by a seller to a buyer that control (1) the monthly and
total credit amount, (2) maximum time allowed for
repayment, (3) discount for cash or early payment, and
(4) the amount or rate of late payment penalty.
(Source: http://www.businessdictionary.com)
Page 66
 credit extension => maximum time allowed for
repayment
 bad debt allocation => an amount shown in a financial
statement representing amounts formerly classified as
receivable that will probably be written off. It is done
by setting aside a certain percentage of the total sales
revenue. (Source: http://www.businessdictionary.com)
 bad debt write off => accounts receivable that is
unlikely to be paid and is treated as a loss.
 dividend policies => rules on distribution of dividends,
which is the share of the after-tax profit of a company ,
given to shareholders according to the number and
class of shares held by them. (Source:
http://www.businessdictionary.com)
 sales returns, allowances and discounts => sales
returns and allowances refer to the account that will
accumulate price reductions given to customers
because of goods returned and defective merchandise
not suited to the customers’ needs. (Source:
http://www.answers.com)
 labor and management compensation => the amount
that will be allotted for salaries and wages.
Page 67
 overhead accounts => ongoing operational expenses
incurred by a business. These expenses may be
referred to as operational costs. Items such as utilities,
rent, subscriptions are all examples of overhead
expenses. (Source:
 inventory costing => the cost of holding goods in stock
which is usually expressed as a percentage of the
inventory value that includes capital, warehousing,
depreciation, insurance, taxation, obsolescence and
shrinkage costs.
 operating accounts => same as overhead account.
 fixed assets requirements => an asset that is not
consumed or sold during the normal course of business,
such as land, buildings, equipment, machinery,
vehicles, leasehold improvements, and other such
items. Fixed assets enable their owner to carry on its
operations. In accounting, fixed does not necessarily
mean immovable; any asset expected to last, or be in
use for, more than one year is considered a fixed asset.
Page 68
On a balance sheet, these assets are shown at their
book value (purchase price less depreciation).
 method of depreciation and amortization => method of
depreciation is a method of depreciating a fixed asset
whereby the asset’s useful life is divided into the total
cost less the estimated salvage value. On the other
hand, method of amortization is used to measure the
gradual reduction of the value of an asset or liability by
some periodic amount like instalment payments.
 selling price => the market value, or agreed exchange
value, that will purchase a definite quantity, weight, or
other measure of a good or service. (Source:
 sales forecast => projection of achievable sales
revenue, based on historical sales data, analysis of
market surveys and trends, and salespersons'
estimates. Also called sales budget, it forms the basis
of a business plan because the level of sales revenue
affects practically every aspect of a business.
Page 69
 unforeseen costs => amount allotted for unanticipated
or unexpected circumstance or situation.
 production volume
 import policies
 export policies
 tax rates
 tax exemptions
 price ceilings
 relevant legal rules and instructions
Estimated total project cost
State here the amount estimated for the total project
cost and the contributions that will be coming from each
member of the team.
Sources of financing the project
In this part of the study, you should do the following:
 list all alternative sources of financing
 selected or proposed sources of financing for both
short-term and long-term are determined as a function
of maximum profitability.
Page 70
 Indicate the amount and terms for each source
together with the currency, security, repayment period,
interest and other features.
 Give the status of financing from each source by
relating it to the actual releases already made, releases
to be done, applications already approved and pending,
and applications still to be made. Indicate whether
financing is on credit or on equity so that the
requirements of investing or lending parties are taken
into account.
 State further considerations involved in the financing of
contingencies and fluctuations in working capital are
specified. This is to clarify the project’s liquidity and
solvency within each operating year.
 Give the alternative sources of financing in the order of
priority in case variances from the expected outcome
result due to conditions which influence the project but
are external to it in nature.
Financial statements
The following should be prepared in this part of the

study:
 Total project cost
 Pro forma
 Balance sheet
Page 71
 Operating expenses
 Cash flow
 Financial analysis
a. tests of liquidity
b. tests of profitability
c. turnover ratios
d. leverage ratios
e. break-even analysis
f. payback period
 interpretation and evaluation of the financial standing
and performance based on the accepted industry ratio.
Page 72
Module 9
Socio-economic Study
entitled Socio-economic Study. A paragraph or two would
suffice for this purpose.
Set the objectives by stating why there is a need to
study the social and economical impact of the project
management. You could cite the employment opportunities
and revenues that the business will generate in your
selected location.
You may be guided by the following key points:
 Business creates employment.
 Business improves the quality of life.
 Business contributes to more equitable contribution of
income and therefore eases social unrest.
 Business utilizes and mobilizes resources to make the
country productive.
 Business brings social benefits through the
government.
This part includes the study’s effect on
Page 73
Employment income
Taxes
Supply of commodities, observing the different
possibilities of influencing prices and foreign exchange
balances.
Demand for materials, specifying the use of local
materials to aid local manufacturers and producers.
Page 74
Module 10
Conclusion
entitled Conclusion. A paragraph or two would suffice for
this purpose.
You should summarize the salient information from
Chapters 2 to 6. It should be noted that you should avoid
repeating the interpretation of the data gathered. Highlight
only important information from each chapter.
In closing, state the profitability or loss of the proposed
business.
Page 75
Preparation of the Bibliography and Appendix
List the title of all the books, magazines, journals, articles,
and researches used as a reference for the study. State the
complete name/s of the author/s, writer or researcher; date
of publication; the complete title; place of publication and
the publisher. The appendix should contain a copy of the
survey questionnaire, legal documents and attachments to
provide additional information.
Example of entry for bibliography
Caranguian, Rey M. “Basic Computer Concepts with
Microsoft Office 2007 Applications”, Manila: Macmillan
Computer Publishing, 2017.
Page 76
I. Summary of the Project management
A. What is the name of the firm?
______________________________________________________
B. Where is the location of the business?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
C. Give a brief description of the project.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
D. What are the highlights of major assumptions made such as market

projections, prices, investment costs, method of financing, etc.?
1. Market Projections
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. Market Share
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3. Market Prices
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Page 77
4. Investment Costs
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
5. Method of Financing
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
E. Give the summary of findings and conclusions regarding the

following:
1. Market Study
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
_______________
2. Technical Study
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3. Financial Study
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Page 78
II. General Information
A. Management of the project
1. How shall the project be managed during the pre-operating

period? (indicate firms or persons involved or to be involved in
studying the different aspects of the project?)
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. How shall the project be managed during the operating period?
Type of business organization

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Organizational chart
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Functions of each personnel, qualifications, salary and benefits

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Recruitment Program
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Training Program
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Page 79
B. Status and timetable of the Project
Activities Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
III. Economic Aspects
A. Market study
1. Demand
1.1 What was the annual volume of the domestic demand for the
past 10 years?
PAST ANNUAL
DOMESTIC DEMAND
YEAR (UNITS)
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
1.2 Who are the major consumers of the product?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Page 80
I.3 What is the projected annual volume of the domestic demand

for the next 5 years? (Indicate the method used and factors
considered in preparing the projection)
PROJECTED ANNUAL
DOMESTIC DEMAND
YEAR (UNITS)
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
Method Used:
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Factors Considered in Preparing the Projection

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Note: Include computations of projection as Appendix table
I.4 Who are the current and potential buyers of the product and
where are they located?
CURRENT BUYERS LOCATION/ADDRESS
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
POTENTIAL BUYERS LOCATION/ADDRESS
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
Page 81
_______________________ _______________________
2. Supply
2.1 What is the annual volume of the domestic supply for the past
10 years?
Page 82
PAST ANNUAL
DOMESTIC SUPPLY
YEAR (UNITS)
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
2.2 Who are the major producers of the product?
MAJOR PRODUCERS LOCATION/ADDRESS
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
2.3 What is the projected annual volume of the domestic

supply for the next 5 years? (Indicate the method used and
factors considered in preparing the projection)
PROJECTED ANNUAL
DOMESTIC SUPPLY
YEAR (UNITS)
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
20__ ________
Method Used:
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Factors Considered in Preparing the Projection

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Page 83
______________________________________________________
Note: Include computations of projection as Appendix table
2.4 Who are the current and potential producers of the product
and where are they located?
CURRENT PRODUCERS LOCATION/ADDRESS

_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
POTENTIAL PRODUCERS LOCATION/ADDRESS

_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
_______________________ _______________________
3. Competitive Position
3.1 What are the prevailing prices of the product?

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3.2 What prices shall be adopted for the project?

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3.3 What is the quality of the product relative to the products of the
current and potential producers?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
4. Marketing Program
Page 84
4
5 4.1 What are the present marketing practices of competitors?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
6 4.2 What shall be adopted in the project as to the following?

7
8 4.2.1 Selling organization?
9 ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
10
11 4.2.2 Terms of sales?
12
13 ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
14
15 4.2.3 Channels of distribution?
16
17 ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
18
19 4.2.4 Location of sales outlets?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
20
21 4.2.5 Transportation and storing facilities?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
22
4.3 In what forms or packaging shall the product be sold?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
4.4 What are the promotional or advertising schemes to be adopted?

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
4.5 What are the expected marketing problems that may be

encountered and how shall they be solved?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Page 85
______________________________________________________
B. Contribution to the Philippine economy
1. How many workers shall be employed in the project?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. What is the approximate annual amount of taxes to be paid by

the project and the workers to the government?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
IV. Technical Study
A. Product
1. What is the description of the product/service?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. What are the economic uses of the product/service?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
B. Manufacturing Process
1. How shall the product be manufactured/service be implemented?

(Show detailed flow charts).
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
C. Plant Size and Production Schedule
1. What are the daily and annual production capacities of the plant?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. How many days per year shall the project operate?

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
D. Machinery/Equipment
Page 86
1. What is the machinery/equipment layout? (Indicate the number

of units, specifications and prices).
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. Where are the spare parts and repair service available?

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Conclusions
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Page 87
CHECKLIST
_______________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Group Leader : ________________ Section : _________
Members:
1. ___________________ 4. ___________________
2. ___________________ 5. ___________________
3. ___________________ 6. ___________________
Chapter 1 Introduction and Background of the Study
___ Introductory paragraph

___ Background of the study ___ Definition of terms
___ Objectives of the study ___ Scope and limitations of the study
___ Justification and importance ___ Methodology
of the study
Chapter 2 Market Study

___ Objectives
___ Respondents of the study ___ Research for the Demand
___ Sample size ___ Research for the Supply
___ Sampling technique ___ Demand and Supply Analysis
___ Analysis of data gathered ___ Sales Projection for 5 years
___ Market Description ___ Marketing Program
Chapter 3 Technical Study

___ Objectives ___ Office/shop Layout
___ The product/service ___ Building and Facilities
___ Manufacturing Process ___ Raw Materials
___ Office/shop Size ___ Utilities
___ Schedule of Production ___ Production cost
/Operation ___ Waste Disposal
___ Machinery and Equipment ___ Labor requirements
___ Location of the Business
Chapter 4 Organization and Management Study

___ Objectives of the study ___ Organizational Chart
___ Description of product/service ___ Organizational Requirements
___ Background of the business ___ Legal Requirements
___ Officers and key personnel ___ Pre-Operating Activities
___ Manpower requirements
Page 88
Chapter 5 Financial Study
___ Introductory paragraph ___ Estimated total project cost

___ Objectives ___ Sources of financing the project
___ Major assumptions ___ Financial analysis
Chapter 6 Socio-economic Study
___ Employment income ___ Supply of commodities

___ Taxes ___ Demand for materials
Chapter 7 Conclusion
___ Summary of salient information form Chapters 2 to 6

___ Statement of profitability or loss of the proposed business
___ Bibliography
___ Appendices
Page 89
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

College of Engineering & Technology
Unibersidad De Manila
Project management Requirements
Section _____ Project management Code: _______Paper Grade

_________
Title of Paper _________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Group Leader: ________________________________________________
Group Members:
1. ______________________ 4. ___________________________
2. ______________________ 5. ___________________________
3. ______________________ 6. ___________________________
Requirements submitted:
Panelist 1 Panelist 2 Panel Chairman
Edited Paper
Verified: _________________ _______________ _______________
Date Signed: _________________ _______________ _______________
Approval Sheet (to be placed after the title page)

To be given by Prof. Caranguian
Signature and Date Signed: _______________
Checked and approved for binding by Prof. Caranguian

Revised bookbound copy (2 copies)

submitted and received by Prof. Caranguian
(Note: Accomplish this form in 2 copies. 1 for your group and 1 for Prof. Caranguian)
Page 90
Format for the title page and front cover of bookbound copy.
A PROJECT MANAGEMENT ON ___________________

_________________________________________
Presented to the Faculty of the

Department of Information Technology
College of Engineering & Technology
Unibersidad De Manila
Manila
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

in the Subject Project management (ITE313)
Submitted by
Group ___
4-___
Members
March 20__
Page 91
APPROVAL SHEET
This Project management entitled
“______________________”
Prepared and submitted by:
________________________________ ________________________________
________________________________ ________________________________
________________________________
in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Bachelor of Science in

Information and Communications Technology has been examined and is
recommended for acceptance and approval for oral examination.
_______________________
Department Chair
PANEL OF EXAMINERS
Approved by the panel on oral examination with a grade of ___%
____________________ _______________________
Panel Member Panel Member
______________________
Panel Chair
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Bachelor of

Science in Information and Communications Technology.
_________________________________
Dean, College of Engineering & Technology
Page 92
Page 93
UNIBERSIDAD DE MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Manila
COURSE SYLLABUS
1st Semester, AY 2020-2021
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Course Title : Project management Proposal / Project management Defense

Course Code : ELE311 /ITE313
Credits : 3 units
Instructor : Prof. REY M. CARANGUIAN

Email : rcaranguian1433@gmail.com
Consultation Hours : 0961-5961259
Page 94
I. Course Description:
The course will discuss the basic procedures in writing a project management proposal. The students will be taught and made to understand what a project
management proposal is, its importance in the creation of a project, and the different parts that make up a project management proposal that would include: definition
of terms of the subject’s descriptive title, importance of the subject, attributes of a project, factors to consider for a successful project, project team, stages of project
team development, proposing topics for the project management, formulation of contents for Chapter 1 – Introduction and background of the Study, formulation of
contents for Chapter 2 – Market Study, sample size determination, survey questionnaire, sampling technique, interpretation of data, formulation of contents for Chapter
3 – Technical Study, formulation of contents for Chapter 4 – Organization and Management Study, formulation of contents for Chapter 5 – Financial Study, formulation
of contents for Chapter 6 – Socio-economic Study, formulation of contents for Chapter 7 – Conclusion.
EXPECTED GRADUATE ATTRIBUTES LEARNING OUTCOMES

On completion of the course, the student is expected to do the following:
Academically excellent Develop a project management through the application of principles and concepts of I.T.,
marketing, management, accounting, and economics.
Knowledge across disciplines Present and defend the project management through collaborative learning.
Leaders in their communities Integrate the results of the project management and contribute to their respective
communities through constructive change like job creation. putting into mind the concern
for common good and the environment.
Attuned to cultural diversity Respect cultures and values prevailing in their respective communities.
Active global citizens Manifest high regard for human rights, equity and ethics.
Source: IT Course Design and Development – National Computer Institute
Page 95
II. COURSE OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the course, the students are expected to prepare a project management proposal conforming to the current theme for researches in the current academic
year. The proposal should also be related to the field of specialization which is information technology.
Specific Objectives:
1. Define important terms in the subject’s descriptive title.

2. Define project team and the different stages of team development.
3. Identify the importance of the subject in the degree program.
4. Identify the different attributes of a project management.
5. List and describe the different factors to consider for a successful project.
6. Identify the different methods of obtaining data.
7. Propose and defend topics for the project management.
8. Distinguish the most applicable form of business organization to adopt for the project management.
9. Formulate the different parts of each chapter in the project management.
10. Value the need to work in a team environment.
III. Course Outline
First Semester
Time Teaching
Learning Outcome/s Topics
Allotment Methodologies/Strategies/ Evaluation/Assessments
Learning Experiences
Familiarize with the class rules Week 1 Orientation Assessment of previous knowledge
and policies, course syllabus and in conducting research
requirements.  Ask students to write on a
paper a step-by-step
Page 96
procedure on what they

learned from English 04
and SAD as regards
conducting research
Lecture and Discussion
Define each of the term in the Week 2 Definition of terms Assignments Online quiz
subject’s descriptive tile.
Lectures and Discussions
Appreciate the importance of the Importance of the subject : project
subject in the degree program. management PowerPoint Presentations
Team Exercises
On-line learning using Edmodo
List and describe the different Week 3 Attributes of a project Assignments Online quiz
attributes of a project, and the
factors to consider for a Factors to consider for a
successful project. successful project Lectures and Discussions
Team Exercises
Define the term project team. Week 4 Project Team Assignments Online quiz
Enumerate and describe the

stages of project team Stages of Project Team Lectures and Discussions
Page 97
development. Development
Team Exercises
Formation of project teams
Propose topics for the project Week 5 Topics for the project Assignments Submitted List of proposed
management. management topics of each group
Lectures and Discussions
Team Exercises
Formulate the contents for Week 6 Introduction and background of Assignments

Chapter 1. the study
 Background of the Study Lectures and Discussions
 Objectives of the Study Team Exercises

 Justification and
Importance of the Study
 Definition of terms
 Scope and Limitations of
the Study
 Methodology
Formulate the contents for Weeks 7 and Market Study Assignments Chapter Deliverables
Chapter 2. 8  Set the objectives
Page 98
 Market Description
 Research for the Demand Lectures and Discussions
 Research for the Supply
 Demand and Supply Team Exercises
Analysis
 Marketing Program
Evaluate the learning of the Week 9 MIDTERM EXAMINATION Major Examination

students.
Construct and float the survey Week 10 Survey questionnaire Assignments Chapter Deliverables
questionnaire.
Week 11 Sample size determination Lectures and Discussions
Interpret the data from the
accomplished survey Week 12 Sampling technique Team Exercises
questionnaire.
Interpretation of data On-line learning using Alison and
HP Life E-Learning
Formulate the contents for Week 13 Technical Study Assignments Chapter Deliverables
Chapter 3.  The Product
Week 14  Manufacturing Process Lectures and Discussions
 Office or Shop Size /
Schedule of Production Team Exercises
and Operation
On-line learning using Alison and
 Machinery and Equipment
HP Life E-Learning
 Location of the business
 Office / Shop Layout
 Building and Facilities
 Raw Materials
Page 99
 Utilities
 Waste Disposal
 Production Cost
 Labor Requirements
Formulate the contents for Week 15 Organization and Management Assignments Chapter Deliverables
Chapter 4. Study
Week 16  Background of the Lectures and Discussions
business
Week 17  Officers and key personnel Team Exercises
 Manpower requirements
On-line learning using Alison and
 Organizational chart
HP Life E-Learning
 Pre-operating Activities
Evaluate the learning of the Week 18 FINAL EXAMINATION (Oral Major Examination
students. Defense)
Second Semester
Learning Time Teaching

Topics
Outcome/s Allotment Methodologies/Strategies/ MATERIALS Evaluation/Assessments
Learning Experiences
Week 1 Chapter 5 Financial Study

Familiarize 5.1. Introduction Lectures and Discussions LCD Projector
with the class 5.2. Objectives of the
rules and financial study Team Exercises PowerPoint
policies, and 5.3. Major assumptions of the Presentation
course study On-line learning using Alison
syllabus and  credit terms Internet
Page 100
requirements.  credit extension connection

and HP Life E-Learning
 bad debt allocation
Textbook
 bad debt write off On-line learning using Edmodo
 dividend policies
 sales returns, allowances
and discounts
 labor and management
compensation overhead
accounts
 inventory costing
 operating accounts
 fixed assets requirements
 method of depreciation
and amortization
 selling price
 sales forecast
 unforeseen costs
 production volume
 import policies
 export policies
 tax rates
 tax exemptions
 price ceilings
 relevant legal rules and
instructions
Page 101
Week 2 Chapter 5 Financial Study LCD Projector

5.4. Estimated total project cost Lectures and Discussions
PowerPoint
5.5. Sources of financing the Team Exercises Presentation
project
On-line learning using Alison Internet
and HP Life E-Learning connection
Textbook
Financial statement – total project Lectures and Discussions
cost PowerPoint
Team Exercises Presentation

Textbook
Sample
worksheet
Financial statement – pro forma Lectures and Discussions
income statement PowerPoint
On-line learning using Edmodo Internet

connection
Textbook
Page 102
Sample
worksheet
Financial statement – balance Lectures and Discussions
sheet PowerPoint

Textbook
Sample
worksheet
Financial statement – operating Lectures and Discussions
expenses PowerPoint

Textbook
Sample
worksheet
Financial statement – cash flow Lectures and Discussions
PowerPoint
On-line learning using Alison
Page 103
Internet
On-line learning using Edmodo Textbook
Sample
worksheet
Week 8 Chapter 5 Financial Study
Financial statements – consultation Consultation with certified Out-of-the
with certified public accountant public accountant (CPA) classroom
(CPA) activity
Evaluate the Week 9 MIDTERM EXAMINATION Major Examination

learning of
the students.
Week 10 Chapter 6 Socio-economic Study LCD Projector
6.1. Introduction Lectures and Discussions
Week 11 6.2. Objectives of the chapter PowerPoint
 employment Team Exercises Presentation
Week 12 opportunities
 revenues that the On-line learning using Alison Internet
business will generate and HP Life E-Learning connection
6.3. Employment income
6.4. Taxes Textbook
6.5. Supply of commodities
6.6. Demand for materials
Page 104
Week 13 Chapter 7 Conclusions LCD Projector

7.1. Introduction Lectures and Discussions
Week 14 PowerPoint
7.2. Summary of salient Team Exercises Presentation
information from Chapters 2 to 6
7.3. State the profitability or loss and HP Life E-Learning connection
of the proposed business.
Textbook
Preparation of the Bibliography
and Appendix
Week 15 Summary of the Project LCD Projector

management Lectures and Discussions
Week 16 PowerPoint
Checklist Team Exercises Presentation
Week 17
Business Name Registration On-line learning using Alison Internet
Business Permits
Textbook
Evaluate the Week 18 FINAL EXAMINATION – Defense of Oral Defense
proposed the Project management
project
management
of the
students by
panelists.
IV. COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

Grading System
Page 105
Midterm Grade
Class Standing ______________________________________________60%

1. Assignments
2. Quizzes
3. Team Exercises
4. Chapter Deliverables
Midterm Examination_________________________________________40%
Final Grade
Class Standing ______________________________________________50%
1. Assignments
2. Quizzes
3. Team Exercises
4. Chapter Deliverables
Midterm Examination ________________________________________ 20%
Oral Defense ______________________________________________ 30%
(Note: Defense of the Project management by the students in front of the panelists during the second semester.)
Passing Percentage: 60%
Grading Equivalent
Percentage Point Grade

Equivalent
97-100 1.00
92-96 1.25
87-91 1.50
82-86 1.75
77-81 2.00
72-76 2.25
68-71 2.50
Page 106
64-67 2.75
60-63 3.00
59 and 5.00
below
Assignment / Chapter Deliverables Details:
All assignments must be submitted in handwritten form and must follow a particular format. You need to use short bond paper for all the assignments. Alterations and
erasures are not allowed.
Chapter deliverables are divided into three (3) parts: preparation, checked and revised. A student who is absent during the preparation of the chapter deliverables
would automatically not receive any grade for the checked and revised.
Groups who will not be able to submit chapter deliverables on time will not be given credit for the work, point deductions are not to be given by the professor as this will
only promote mediocrity and therefore succeeding chapter deliverables will also not be given credit anymore. It is the belief of the subject professor that sufficient time
has been allotted for all chapter deliverables notwithstanding that the class sessions are held in a computer laboratory.
V. Course References:
Suggested References:
1. Project Management Information Technology by Kathy Schwalbe, Cengage Learning, 2016

2. Effective Project Management by Jack Gido and James Clements, South-Western Cengage Learning, 2012
3. 100 Rules for Entrepreneurs by Neil Lewis, Jaico Publishing House, 2011
4. MobileMe for Small Business Portable Genius, Wiley Publishing Inc., 2009
5. Feasibility Study Handbook by Eustaquio Ditablan, National Book Store, 2008
6. The Smart Guide to Project Management by Cesar M. Mercado, Development Center for Asia Africa Pacific, 2007
7. Weekend Entrepreneur 101 Great Ways to Earn Extra Cash by Michelle Anton and Jennifer Basye Sander, Entrepreneur Press, 2006
8. Your project management: a step-by-step guide for the first-time researcher by Nicholas S. R. Walliman, Sage Publications Ltd; 2nd Edition, 2005
Page 107
9. Threshold Entrepreneur A New Business Venture Simulation by Philip Anderson, David Beveridge and Timothy Scott, Prentice Hall, 2000
10. Product Costing and Pricing Manual by Philippine Trade Training Center
Magazines:
1. Entrepreneur published by Summit Media

2. Step by step How to set up an online business 2013 published by PC Pro
Page 108
Electronic References:
Chapter 1 – Introduction and Background of the Study
 http://www.crlsresearchguide.org/
 http://www.experiment-resources.com/how-to-write-a-research-paper.html
 https://www.khanacademy.org/
 http://www.surveymonkey.com/
 http://www.ourknowledge.asia/1/post/2012/04/business-plans-versus-feasibility-studies.html
 http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/business-plans/Business-Plans-Volume-09/Computer-Training-Service-Business.html#b
 http://ph.news.yahoo.com/mvp-technopreneurs-failure-leads-success-222805397.html
 http://www.businessballs.com/freeteambuildingactivities.htm
 http://www.businessballs.com/brainstorming.htm
 http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/team-building.html
 http://www.mc3edsupport.org/community/knowledgebases/tips-for-team-building-366.html
 http://www.mc3edsupport.org/community/knowledgebases/creative-thinking-tools-the-six-thinking-hats-361.html
 http://www.teamtechnology.co.uk/tt/t-articl/tb-basic.htm
 http://ezinearticles.com/?Team-Building-101---5-Tips-For-Building-Better-Teams&id=2808819
 http://www.12manage.com/methods_tuckman_stages_team_development.html
 http://www.citehr.com/research.php?q=tuckmans-team-development-model-ppt
 http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/the-five-stages-of-team-development-a-case-study.html
Chapter 2 – Market Study
 http://affi.com.ph/
 http://virtuemart.net/
 http://www.statpac.com/surveys/index.htm#toc
Page 109
Chapter 3 – Technical Study
 http://www.feasibilitystudyexpert.com/
 http://digitalfilipinoclub.blogspot.com/2009/11/e-commerce-for-entrepreneurs-hands-on.html
 http://www.bplans.com/internet_cafe_business_plan/financial_plan_fc.php
Chapter 4 – Organization and Management Study
 http://www.uwcc.wisc.edu/manual/chap_5.html
 http://www.siliconindia.com/news/startups/10-Mantras-for-Entrepreneurs-to-Improve-Personal-Productivity-nid-125532-cid-100.html
 http://humanresources.about.com/od/involvementteams/a/twelve_tip_team.htm
 http://pmtips.net/stages-highperformance-teams-part-1/
 http://www.epmbook.com/team.htm
 http://www.planware.org/strategicplanner.htm#2
Chapter 5 – Financial Study
 http://brianarmstrong.org/blog/how-to-understand-and-create-a-personal-financial-statement-each-month-in-5-minutes
 http://www.docstoc.com/docs/1696716/How-to-Set-Up-a-Business-Budget
Chapter 6 – Socio-economic Study
 http://www.siliconindia.com/news/startups/Entrepreneurship-vs-Employment-Which-is-Better-nid-129040-cid-100.html
 http://www.cavite.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=297
Page 110
Technology Restrictions: Due to class disturbances, cell-phones, multi-media players and PSPs are not allowed in class. Portable Computers like netbooks, i-pads and laptops
maybe used for notes taking and additional references but not for social networking.
Attendance: There is an approximately 32 class meetings for the semester. Since the subject meets twice a week, if you accumulate more than seven absences you
automatically receive a grade of DF. Punctuality is the most important discipline that will be observed in this class, hence, the professor will not allow latecomers to attend the
session.
Instructional Materials:
White Board
References
LCD Projector
Prepared by: Endorsed by:
REY M. CARANGUIAN ROSIE TOLENTINO

Professor Dean College of Engineering & Technology
Noted by:
PROF. RONALD FERNANDEZ

Associate Dean, College of Engineering & Technology
Page 111
Page 112
Page 113
Page 114
Page 115
Page 116
Page 117
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Effective Project Management by Jack Gido and James Clements

2. Feasibility Study Handbook by Eustaquio Ditablan
3. Information Technology Project Management by Kathy Schwalbe
4. Product Costing and Pricing Manual by Philippine Trade Training Center
5. The Smart Guide to Project Management by Cesar M. Mercado
6. Threshold Entrepreneur A New Business Venture Simulation by Philip Anderson, David
Beveridge and Timothy Scott
7. Weekend Entrepreneur 0 Great Ways to Earn Extra Cash by Michelle Anton and Jennifer
Basye Sander
8. Your project management: a step-by-step guide for the first-time researcher by Nicholas S.
R. Walliman
Magazines:
1. Entrepreneur published by Summit Media

2. Step by step How to set up an online business 2013 published by PC Pro
Electronic References:
 http://www.crlsresearchguide.org/
 http://www.experiment-resources.com/how-to-write-a-research-paper.html
 https://www.khanacademy.org/
 http://www.surveymonkey.com/
 http://www.ourknowledge.asia/1/post/2012/04/business-plans-versus-feasibility-studies.html
 http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/business-plans/Business-Plans-Volume-09/Computer-
Training-Service-Business.html#b
 http://ph.news.yahoo.com/mvp-technopreneurs-failure-leads-success-222805397.html
 http://www.businessballs.com/freeteambuildingactivities.htm
 http://www.businessballs.com/brainstorming.htm
 http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/team-building.html
 http://www.mc3edsupport.org/community/knowledgebases/tips-for-team-building-366.html
 http://www.mc3edsupport.org/community/knowledgebases/creative-thinking-tools-the-six-
thinking-hats-361.html
 http://www.teamtechnology.co.uk/tt/t-articl/tb-basic.htm
 http://ezinearticles.com/?Team-Building-101---5-Tips-For-Building-Better-Teams&id=2808819
 http://www.12manage.com/methods_tuckman_stages_team_development.html
 http://www.citehr.com/research.php?q=tuckmans-team-development-model-ppt
 http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/the-five-stages-of-team-development-a-case-study.html
 http://affi.com.ph/
 http://virtuemart.net/
 http://www.statpac.com/surveys/index.htm#toc
 http://www.feasibilitystudyexpert.com/
 http://digitalfilipinoclub.blogspot.com/2009/11/e-commerce-for-entrepreneurs-hands-on.html
 http://www.bplans.com/internet_cafe_business_plan/financial_plan_fc.php
 http://www.uwcc.wisc.edu/manual/chap_5.html
 http://www.siliconindia.com/news/startups/10-Mantras-for-Entrepreneurs-to-Improve-Personal-
Productivity-nid-125532-cid-100.html
 http://humanresources.about.com/od/involvementteams/a/twelve_tip_team.htm
 http://pmtips.net/stages-highperformance-teams-part-1/
Page 118

Project Management Modules Explained

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MODULES IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT

In the 20+ years of teaching of the author, it has been

The subject title is Project Management. What follows

 the process of dealing

 Importance of project management in the Bachelor

 graduates of the degree program must not be content

 they must be the

In these hard times that the Philippines is facing a

A project is an endeavor to accomplish a specific objective

 A project has a well-defined objective – an expected

 A project is carried out through a series of interdependent

 A project utilizes various resources to carry out the

 A project has a specific time frame, or finite life span. It

 A project may be a unique or one-time endeavor. Some

 A project has a customer. The customer is the entity

end users of the information system. The person

 Finally, a project involves a degree of uncertainty.

Factors To Consider for a Successful Project

The successful accomplishment of the project objective

 Project scope => the totality of the work that must be

 Cost => the amount based on a budget that may include

 Schedule => the timetable that specifies when each of

Factors To Consider for a Successful Project

Jorge H. Cuyugan wrote in his book, A Business

Each project team must be headed by a team leader.

Mr. Cuyugan listed the outside specialists that a project

 Lawyers who will provide valuable

 Corporate Managers who may help in the

 Engineers and Contractors who will help

 Accountants who will be of valuable help in

Project Team Development and Effectiveness

Jack Gido and James Clements wrote in their book,

goal. Teamwork is a cooperative effort by the members of

B.W. Tuckman designed the four stages of project team

development: forming, storming, norming, and performing.

Third Stage NORMING

Stages of Project Team Development

First Stage: Forming

It is the initial stage of the team development process.

Team Development Exercise 1 - Forming

Name __________ Subject/Yr&Sec

1. What is the name of your group?

2. Draw a flowchart and describe each of the steps that you

3. Write the name for each member of the group. Opposite

Team Leader: _______________ _________________

Second Stage: Storming

As the team begins to work together, they move into

The team leader needs to be adept at facilitating the

This stage will come to a closure when the team

Some teams, however, do not move beyond this stage

Feelings characteristic of this stage include resentment,

Team Development Exercise 2 - Storming

Name _______________ Subject/Yr&Sec _______ Date _______

1. What is the name of your group?

2. Perform the following:

A. Mobile phone/Cell phone game

This is a simple and funny activity for groups.

B. Day Colours / Colours Exercise

This is a very simple quick and fascinating exercise.

Check the colors you chose for each day:

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Create a tally (with totals for each color) by adding another

Team Leader: _ ___

Name ___________ Subject/Yr&Sec _ Date _____

Name ___________ Subject/Yr&Sec _ Date _____

Name ___________ Subject/Yr&Sec _ Date _____