Alphabet of Lines

Alphabet Of Lines
1
Objectives:
At the end of this session you will
be able to:
- define a Line
- explain use of lines
- identify the ten main types of lines
- differentiate where the line types are
used
- produce the lines with various line
weights.
2
3.1. Introduction to the
. Alphabet of Lines
In order to understand what the drafter is trying to get across, you
must be able to understand the symbols and lines he uses.
Each line has a definite form and line weight.
3
3.2. What is line?
Definition:
- Line is the most basic design 'tool'.
- A line has length, width, tone, and texture.
- It may divide space, define a form, describe

contour, suggest direction.
4
3.3. Ten Main Line Types
Visible Phantom
Hidden Break
Center
Dimension
Extension
Leader
Section
Cutting Plane
5
1. Visible Lines
Dark, heavy lines

Show the outline and shape of an
object.
Define features you can see in a
particular view.
6
2. Hidden Lines
Light/medium, narrow, short dashed

lines
Shows the outline of a feature that can
not be seen in a particular view.
7
3. Section Lines
Thin lines usually drawn at a 45 degree

angle.
Indicate the material that has been cut
through in a sectional view.
Section
Line
8
4. Center Lines
Thin line consisting of long and short

dashes.
Shows the center of holes, slots, paths
of rotation, and symmetrical objects.
9
5. Dimension Lines
Thin, dark lines.

Show the length, width, and height of
the features of an object.
Terminated with arrowheads at the
end.
10
6. Extension Lines
Thin line used to show the starting and

stopping points of a dimension.
Must have at least a 1mm space

between the object and the extension
line.
Extension Line
Dimension Line
11
7. Leader Lines
Thin lines.
Used to show the dimension of a
feature or a note that is too large to be
placed beside the feature itself.
Leader Line
12
8. Cutting Plane Lines
Thick broken line that is terminated

with short 90 degree arrowheads.
Shows where a part is mentally cut in
half to better see the interior detail.
13
9. Break Lines
Used to break out sections for clarity or

for shortening a part.
Three types of break lines with different
line weights.
a. Short Breaks.
b. Long Breaks.
c. Cylindrical Breaks.
14
a. Short Break Lines
Thick wavy line.

Used to break the edge or surface of a
part for clarity of a hidden surface.
Short Break Line
15
b. Long Break Lines
Long, thin lines.

Used to show that the middle section of
an object has been removed so it can
be drawn on a smaller piece of paper.
16
c. Cylindrical Break Lines
Thin lines.
Used to show round parts that are
broken in half to better clarify the print
or to reduce the length of the object.
17
10. Phantom Lines
Thin lines made up of long dashes alternating

with pairs of short dashes.
Three purposes in drawings.
1. To show the alternate position of
moving parts.
2. To show the relationship of parts
that fit together.
3. To show repeated detail.
October 12, 2021 Engineering Drawing 18

Alternate Position
Phantom lines can show where a part is

moving to and from.
Eliminates the confusion of thinking
there may be 2 parts instead of just 1.
Phantom Lines
19
3.4. Line Thickness
A thick continuous line is used for visible edges
and outlines.
A thin line is used for hatching, leader lines,

short centre lines, dimensions and projections.
Thin chain lines are a common feature on
architectural drawings used to indicate centre
lines. Centre lines are used to identify the centre
of a circle, cylindrical features, or a line of
symmetry.
Dashed lines are used to show important hidden

detail for example wall thickness and holes..
20
21
22
23
PHANTOM LINE
24
25
SECTION LINE
PHANTOM LINE
26
27
SECTION LINE CUTTING
PLANE
LINE
PHANTOM LINE
28
29
SECTION LINE CUTTING LEADER
PLANE LINE
LINE
PHANTOM LINE
30
31
SECTION LINE CUTTING LEADER
PLANE LINE
LINE
PHANTOM LINE HIDDEN LINE
32
33
SECTION LINE CUTTING LEADER HIDDEN LINE
PLANE LINE
LINE
34
35
PLANE LINE
LINE
CENTER
LINE
36
37
PLANE LINE
LINE
CENTER
LINE
EXTENSION
LINE
38
39
PLANE LINE
LINE
CENTER
LINE
EXTENSION
LINE
BREAK LINE
40
41
PLANE LINE
LINE
CENTER
LINE
EXTENSION
VISIBLE LINE LINE
BREAK LINE
42
43
PLANE LINE
LINE
CENTER
LINE
EXTENSION
VISIBLE LINE LINE
BREAK LINE
BREAK LINE
44
45
PLANE LINE
LINE
CENTER
LINE
EXTENSION
DIMENSION VISIBLE LINE LINE
LINE
BREAK LINE
BREAK LINE
46

Alphabet of Lines

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Alphabet of Lines

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Alphabet Of Lines

Each line has a definite form and line weight.

- Line is the most basic design 'tool'.

- A line has length, width, tone, and texture.

- It may divide space, define a form, describe

Dark, heavy lines

Light/medium, narrow, short dashed

Thin lines usually drawn at a 45 degree

Thin line consisting of long and short

Thin, dark lines.

Thin line used to show the starting and

Must have at least a 1mm space

Thick broken line that is terminated

Used to break out sections for clarity or

Thick wavy line.

Short Break Line

Long, thin lines.

Thin lines made up of long dashes alternating

October 12, 2021 Engineering Drawing 18

Phantom lines can show where a part is

A thin line is used for hatching, leader lines,

Dashed lines are used to show important hidden

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