EXERCISE 1

1. Explain the sentence, “engineering drawing is the graphic language of engineers.”

Because it represents any object or part of it by describing its shape and size. It has universal
acceptance among technicians as an excellent means to convey technical information. The result of creative
thoughts and ideas by a designer engineer or engineering technologist are represented in the form of
technical drawing on paper.

2. How will you keep your drawing neat and clean?

 Plan out your drawing
 Place a paper towel under your hand
 Erase any smears as you go
 Use the right erasers for the medium

3. Why a plastic tape is used instead of a drawing pin for fixing the drawing sheet?
So that, Drawing Sheet is immovable when drafting or making some blueprint. Drawing pin is used
in presenting your done outputs.

4. Name the different grade of pencils used in engineering drawing.

 HB
 H
 2H

5. Where we do use chisel and conical pencils?

 Chisel
 The chisel edge pencil is used to draw straight lines. It is used to obtain
uniform thickness of line.
 Conical
 The conical pointed pencil is used for general work e.g.: lettering,dimensioning and drawing
circles and arcs. Do not use a pencil less than 75 mm and cut the wood of pencil at the
opposite end of grade marking.
6-15. Encircle the correct letter from the choices given:
The edge of the board on which T-square is made to slide is called its working edge.
a. working edge b. straight edge c. chisel edge.

The two parts of the T-square are stock and head.

a. vertical and horizontal edge b. straight edge c. stock d. blade

To draw or measure angles, protractor is used.

a.set-squares b. T-square c. protractor

For drawing large-size circles, is attached to the compass.
Lengthening Bar

a. straight bar b. bow compass c. lengthening bar.

Circles of small radii are drawn by means of a Bow Compass.

a. lengthening bar b. bow divider c. bow compass

EXERCISE 2

2. Describe the various types of lines used in engineering drawing.

Border line = continuous thick

Visible line = continuous thick
Centre line = chain thin
Hidden line = dashed thin
Cutting Plane line = chain thin and thick
Short Break line = thick curved line
Section line = indicates plane cut view
Dimension line = continuous thin
Extension line = perpendicular to dimension
Leader line = continuous thin
Long break line = continuous thin (straight w/ zigzag)

3. Identify the lines used in the drawing, write the answer in the leader line.

Picture 1

CENTER LINE CUTTING PLANE LINE

HIDDEN LINE

OUTLINE

DIMENSION LINE EXTENSION LINE

 Picture 2

LOCUS LINE

CHAIN THICK
SHORT BREAK LINE
LINE

LONG BREAK LINE

EXERCISE 3

1. Explain the necessity of Dimensioning.

The purpose of dimensioning is to provide a clear and complete description of an object. A complete
set of dimensions will permit only one interpretation needed to construct the part Dimensioning should
follow these guidelines: Accuracy, Clearness, Completeness, and Readability.

2. What are the principles of Dimensioning?

 Do not leave any size, shape, or material in doubt.

 To avoid confusion and the possibility of error, no dimension should be repeated twice on any
sketch or drawing.
 Dimensions and Notations must be placed on the sketch where they can be clearly and easily
read.

3. What is leader line? Explain by a suitable sketch the following.

a. Holes c. Diameter

b. Angles d. Radius

4. What is the difference between alignment system and unidirectional system?

Alignment System
In this type of dimensioning systems, Dimensions are placed above the Dimension lines which
are drawn without any break and parallel to them.

Unidirectional System
In this type of dimensioning systems, Dimensions are place in such a way that they can be read
from the bottom edge of the drawing sheet. Dimensions are inserts by breaking the Dimension lines at the
middle.

5. What do you mean by chain dimensioning and co-ordinate dimensioning?

Chain Dimensioning
Is a dimensioning system that dimensions from point to point. Or it is a series of adjacent
dimensions are arranger in one horizontal row. When chain dimensioning is used the location of one feature
is based on the location of the previous feature from which it is dimensioned.
Chain Dimension is used when it is important that two features are located at a certain distance
from each other, for example; Two fixed holes pins may require acertain distance from each other to draw
chain dimensions.

Dimensioning by Coordinates
Dimensioning by a Coordinate table can be used in place of other dimensioning styles.
This can make drawing easier to read, this method is done when a number of holes of different sizes have
to be dimensioned.

Conclusion: Dimensions are very important in the engineering field and it is the most useful skills in
an industry that will help you to read any type of engineering drawing without any conclusion. Learning and
Understanding of how dimensions are mentioned are very if you focus on learning.
EXERCISE 4

Problem 1: Figure 1.42(i) and (ii) show the isometric and orthographic view of an object. Complete the
dimensioning of the given object.

ISOMETRIC VIEW

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW

TOP VIEW

Figure 1.42
EXERCISE 5

1. What is the method of folding a drawing sheet?

 Fold the drawing in half so that the content is concealed inside the fold.
 Fold the top leaf back over itself, which will be ¼ of the original width.
 Fold the bottom leaf back under the top leaves. You now have an accordion folded sheet that is ¼ the
width of the full sheet and full height.
 Fold the top half of the sheet under the bottom half.
 For extra-large drawings, the drawing can be folded in half again.

2. Why do we need a title block in an engineering drawing?

Because title block has the highest concentration of information in a sheet of engineering
drawing. It is the door to understanding the drawing and the company, and includes all the information
which enables the drawing to be interpreted, identified and archived.
The title block includes the border and the various sections for providing administrative and
technical information, and usually is located at the bottom right-hand corner of a sheet.

3. Draw a title block with dimensions (mm) an in figure 1.44(i) – type with your own complete information.
EXERCISE 6

Exercise the following problems, state it’s process, and draw in scale.

1. Draw a line AB 80mm long and divide it into five parts, one of them 20mm long and the remaining each
15mm long, by the method of bisection.

2. Draw two lines AB and AC making an angle of 75⁰. Draw a circle of 25mm radius touching them.

3. Construct a regular pentagon of 30mm side.

4. Construct a lever as shown in Fig. 1.85.

EXERCISE 7

1. What do you mean by draftsman scale?

A specialized ruler designed to facilitate the drafting and measuring of architectural drawings, such
as floor plans and orthographic projections.

2. What is the difference between plain scale and diagonal scale?

Plain Scale: A plain scale is simply a line which is divided into a suitable number of equal parts, the
first of which is further sub-divided into small parts. It is used to represent either two units or a unit and
its fraction such as km, m and dm, etc.

Diagonal scale: can measure more accurately than the plain scale.

3. What do you mean by R.F.?

Representative Fraction is the ratio of the length of the object represented on drawing to the actual
length of the object represented.
 1
4. Construct a plain scale of R.F to read kilometers and hectometers, and long enough to measure
50 000
a distance of 4km and 7hm on the scale.

5. Draw a vernier scale of meters when 1cm represents 2.5 meters. Find the R.F. of this scale and shown a
distance of 35.2 meters on this scale.
EXERCISE 8

1. In your own words what are the uses of free hand sketching?
Free Hand Sketching is when you use any sort of utensil to make marks without the use and/or aid of
guides such as rulers, straight edges, or even projectors and other tracing or reproduction elements.

2. Explain the methods of sketching of triangles and rectangles.

Sketching Triangles
Step 1:
Draw the longest length line, in this example length 3, with ends A and B. Swing an arc (R1)
from point A whose radius is either length 1 or length 2; in this example length 1.
Step 2:
Using the radius length not used in step 1, swing an arc (R2) from point B to intercept the arc
swung from point A at point
Step 3:
Connect A to C and B to C to complete the triangle.

Sketching Rectangles
Step 1:
Lightly draw a circle with a diameter equal to the distance around the sides of the square. Set
the compass at half the required diameter.
Step 2:
Using triangles, lightly complete the square by constructing tangent lines to the circle. Allow
the light construction lines to project from the square, without erasing them.
Step 3:
Check to see that there are four equal sides and, if so, darken in the actual square using the
correct line thickness.

3. What are the important rules of free hand sketching?

The most important rule in freehand sketching is to keep the sketch in proportion, which means to
accurately represent the size and position of each part in relation to the whole. No matter how brilliant the
technique or how well drawn the details, if the proportions are off, the sketch will not look right.

4. Prepare freehand sketches of the views given in figures 3.8 and 3.9. Assume each unit to be of 10mm
length. Insert all dimensions.
EXERCISE 9

1. State the main requirement of lettering in Engineering Drawing?

Technical Lettering is an impotent part of engineering drawing. It gives information regarding size,
and instructions, in the form of notes and dimension. On a drawing, whole of the written information is
always in the form of lettering. It is not hand written. Also, it may be added here, that Lettering is
appropriate and correct words but not printing.

2. Explain the sentence “ A good style of lettering improves the drawing”.

A finished drawing tells how the parts will be made, what materials will be used in making, and the
tolerance or degree of error that will be permitted. Information of this sort is lettered, or printed, on the
drawing by the drafter.

3. What are the different styles of letters used in Engineering Drawing?

Mainly, there are two types of lettering most commonly used in engineering drawing viz. Gothic
Lettering and Roman Lettering.

4. What is the difference between single stroke letters and double stroke letters?
Single Stroke Letters
These are single stroke letter inclined at 75' to the Horizontal.

Double Stroke Letters

Vertical letter drawn by double Stroke of pencil with uniform thickness between these strokes
are called Double Stroke Vertical Gothic Lettering.

5. Write freehand your name, in single stroke vertical capital letters in 3mm,5mm and 8mm.
 Republic of the Philippines
DR. EMILIO B. ESPINOSA, SR. MEMORIAL STATE
COLLEGE OF ARGICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY
(Masbate State College)
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
www.debesmscat.edu.ph
Mandaon, Masbate

COMPILATION
OF EXERCISES
(BES 101: Engineering
Drawings and Plans)
Midterm, 1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021

Submitted By:
Carl Leance Melson Z. Gregorio
BSEE-1

Submitted To:
Engr. Shennie B. Villanueva
Faculty, College of Engineering