Addis Ababa Science and Technology University

Collage of Architecture and Civil

Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

Curse Name: Hydraulics Semester-II Section: A, B and C

Academic Year: 2020/21 Prerequisite: Engineering Mechanics -I
Course Code: CEng-2106 Credit Hours: 2-3-3-0 (6Cr. hr)
Class Year-II Instructor: Seifu S.
Course rationale
Water is delivered to the point of use either in closed conduits or in open channels. The sizing of these
structures requires a sound understanding of the fundamental concepts, principles, and equipment used in
hydraulic systems (continuity equation, conservation of momentum, pressure measurements, and
conservation of energy and their application). Hence, to develop the fundamental skills in hydraulics
related tasks, the course is required for civil engineers.
Course description
Fluid properties, hydrostatics, fluid pressure, pressure measurement, hydrostatic pressures on plane and
curved surfaces; buoyancy and stability of floating bodies; kinematics of fluid flow, types of flow
(uniform flow, laminar, turbulent flow and Transitional), continuity equation; fluid dynamics, Bernoulli’s
equation, impulse momentum equation applications, types of pumps and turbines, head on pumps and
turbines, specific speed, efficiency and performance of pumps and turbines.
Course Objectives
The main aim of the course is to introduce civil engineers to fluid mechanics at a more fundamental level
and with a mathematical approach.
Course Learning Outcome (CLO)
After the end of this course student will be able to;
 Explain and determine fluid properties and apply the fundamental relationships of fluid
mechanics to analyze practical problems.
 Analysis pressures and forces generated by the fluid at rest on the structure
 Analyze the flow rates, velocities, energy losses and momentum flux for fluid flow system and
realize the basics of the laminar and turbulent boundary layer.
 Recognize governing equations in non-dimensional form, design experiments, and perform
model studies.
 Apply the principles of fluid kinematics and fluid dynamics for hydraulic structures design.
 Apply the principles of conservation of mass, impulse momentum, and Bernoulli’s theorem to
analyze problems by making respectable assumptions.
Course contents
1. Introduction
2. Fluid Properties
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Liquids and their properties
3. Fluid Statics
3.1. Fluid pressure
3.2. Pressure measurement
3.3. Hydrostatic forces on a plane surface
3.4. Hydrostatic forces on curved surfaces
3.5. Buoyancy and stability of floating and submerged bodies
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4. Fluid Kinematics
4.1. Types of fluid flow
4.2. Flow rate
4.3. Continuity equation
4.4. Dimensions of flow
4.5. The pattern of fluid flow
4.6. Stream function and velocity potential
4.7. Flow net
5. Fluid Dynamics
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Forces influencing fluid motion
5.3. Bernoulli’s equation
5.4. Application of Bernoulli equation
5.5. Impulse momentum equation
5.6. Application of Impulse momentum equation
6. Hydraulic Machines
6.1 Types of pumps and turbines
6.2 Head on pumps and turbines
6.3 Drive Specific Speed, efficiency and performance of pumps and turbines
6.4 Estimation of Cavitations’
Practical/laboratory Work
 Determining density and the specific gravity of a given liquid
 Determining the viscosity of liquids
 Verification of Archimedes principle
 Determination of the center of pressure on plane surfaces and metacenter height
 Verifying Bernoulli Theorem

Mode of delivery: Lectures, tutorials, and Lab exercises

Assessment methods

 Continuous assessment………………………………………50%
The assessment comprises quiz, tests, Lab/practical reports, individual and group assignments
 Final Exam…………………………………………………….50%

Course policy

 All students are expected to abide by the code of conduct of students and the Senate Legislation of
the University throughout this course. Academic dishonesty including cheating, fabrication, and
plagiarism will not be tolerated at any stage during your studies and will be reported to concerned
bodies for action. While teamwork is highly encouraged, dependence and copying one's work and
submitting other’s work is considered a serious act of cheating and shall be penalized.
 If you are having problems with the assignments or tests, contact the instructor as soon as possible.
 Students are expected to attend class regularly. Minimum of 80 % attendance during lectures
&100 % during practical work sessions, except for some unprecedented mishaps. A student who
misses more than 20% of the semester class is not eligible to sit for the final exam.

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References
 Jain, A.K. (1999). Fluid Mechanics: including hydraulic machines. Khanna publishers; New Delhi
 DR.P.N.MODI. Hydraulics and fluid mechanics
 Ponce, V.M (1989) “Engineering Hydrology, principles and practices”, prentice hall
 Patra, K.C (2001), “Hydrology and water resource engineering”, Alpha science
 R. Allen Freeze and John A. Cherry. 1979. Groundwater Prentice Hall
 Victor L. Streeter. “Fluid Mechanics”
 R.K, RAGUPT. “Fluid Mechanics and hydraulic machine”
 Giles. “Theory and problems of fluid mechanics and hydraulics” Schaum’s Outline
 “Fluid Mechanics “By Douglas
 “Fundamentals of fluid mechanics by Evett and Liu
 Fluid mechanics with engineering application” by Daugherty R.L
 Kummar, K.L (1995). Engineering fluid mechanics (6th .ed). EURASEA publications House Ltd:
New Delhi