ARCHITECTURE

About
A R CH I T E C T U R E

Architecture is the art and science of

designing buildings and other physical
structures. A wider definition often
includes the design of the total built
environment from the macro level of
town planning, urban design, and
landscape architecture to the micro
level of construction details and,
sometimes, furniture. The term
“Architecture” is also used for the
profession of providing architectural
services.
ARCHITECTURE:

CONSTRUCTION
PRINCIPLES
post and lintel

Post and Lintel is the oldest

construction system that makes use
of two vertical support (Post)
spanned by a horizontal beam
(Lintel). It was invented by the
Greeks.
arch

Arch is a Roman invention that is

consists of separate pieces of wedge
– shaped blocks called voussoirs
arrange in a semicircle. Keystone is
the most important, it is place at the
center at the top, locks the
pieces together into a circle curve
structure.
ARCHITECTURE:

STRUCTURES
barrel vault

Barrel Vault is a succession of

arches, one placed directly behind
another to produce a structure
similar to a tunnel,it has two
openings, one on each end.
groin vault
Groin vault is a structure that is
formed by intersecting arches
resulting in four openings.
dome
Dome is a structure with the shape
of an inverted cup. The base was
called the drum.
cantilever
Cantilever is a structure that makes
use of a beam or slab that extends
horizontally into space beyond its
supporting post.
buttress
Buttress is a structure build as a
support for the wall. In European
churches buttress build to support
the dome are called flying
buttresses.
flying buttress
truss
Truss is a system of triangular forms
assembled to form a rigid
framework.
ARCHITECTURE:

MEDIA OF
ARCHITECTURE
MEDIA OF
A R CH I T E C T U R E

Since architecture is considered as the

most functional of the arts, materials to
be used in construction
must have compressive and tensile
strength. The following are materials
that are used for creating buildings and
infrastructures:
bricks and stones
Stones are favored over other
materials for its durability,
adaptability to sculptural treatment
and its use for building simple
structures in its natural state. Bricks
compare favorably with stones as a
structural material. They are fire and
water resistant, easy to produce,
transport and use.
lumber wood
All parts of a building can be
constructed using wood except the
foundations; its major disadvantages
are susceptibility to fire, mold and
termites.
iron and steel
These provide far stronger and taller
structures with less use of material
when compared to stone or
wood.
concrete
This is a mixture of cement and
water, with aggregates of sand
and gravel, which hardens
rapidly resulting in a fire
resisting solid of great
compressive strength.
activity:
On a sheet of an A4 bond paper,
kindly make a sketch or drawing
of your dream house. At the
back of it, please discuss
everything about your dream
house (structure, media that was
used, etc.) and tell us what’s
special about the house you
created.

Note:
Kindly take a photo of your work
and submit it through google
classroom. Thanks!