What is It

After reading the text in What’s new. Let us see how far you have learned this topic.
Fill in what is missing in the ZApen table. Use a separate sheet of paper for
your answer.

Element Symbol Z A (p+) (e) (n0)

Ar 18 40

O 8 8

N 7 7

P 15 25

Bi 83 126

Be 4 9

Mo 42 54

ANSWERS:

Element Symbol Z A (p+) (e) (n0)

Ar 18 40 18 18 22

O 8 16 8 8 8

N 7 14 7 7 7

P 15 40 15 15 25

Bi 83 209 83 83 126

Be 4 9 4 4 5

Mo 42 96 42 42 54

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 What’s More

Match the term in Column A to Column B. Use a separate sheet of paper for
your answer.
A B

b 1. Transuranium a. Fast moving alpha particle.

elements
b. Plutonium.
e 2. Ernest Lawrence
c. Heaviest element.
a 3. Dale Corson et.,al.
d. Unstable and decay radioactively.
b 4. Glenn Seaborg et.,al.
e. Linear particle accelerator.
C 5. Uranium

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 What I Have Learned

1. The atomic number indicates the number of protons found in the nucleus of
each element.
- The term atomic number, traditionally denoted by the symbol Z,
refers to the number of protons found in an atom's nucleus, which is often
equal to the number of electrons in an uncharged atom. The neutron sum
represents the number of neutrons (N)

2. Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of
an atom.
-The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is known as
the mass number. The sum of neutrons equals the mass number atomic
number.

3. The deuteron is a devise used in increasing the electrically charged atomic

particle.
4. The particle accelerators are used to create new elements in the laboratory.
5. The cyclotron is a particle accelerator used in alternating electric field to
accelerate particles that move in a spiral path in the presence of a magnetic
field.
6. The mass number symbol is capital A, for the atomic number capital Z.
7. The transuranium elements are unstable and radioactively decay into other
elements.

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 What I Can Do

Using the periodic table of elements. Determine the atomic number and
predict the name of element and element symbol from the given number of
electrons. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.

Number of
Atomic Number Element name Element symbol
electrons

29 29 copper Cu
30 30 zinc Zn
19 19 potassium k

14 14 silicon Si
26 26 Iron Fe

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 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Read and analyze each question. Write the letter that
corresponds to your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. The atomic number is based from the number of

a. protons and electrons in the c. electrons and neutrons in the

atom’s nucleus. atom’s nucleus.
b. protons in the atom’s d. electrons in the atom’s
nucleus. nucleu s.
2. The mass number of an element is determined by
a. the number of protons in the c. the number of electrons in
nucleus. the nucleus.
b. the number of protons and d. the number of protons and
neutrons in the nucleus. electrons in the nucleus.
3. The atomic number is equal to the number of
a. electrons and neutrons c. protons and electrons
b. protons and neutrons d. mass number and electrons
4. The atomic number of lithium is 3, how many numbers of protons and electrons
will the lithium have?

a. 3 protons and 6 c. 2 protons and 1 electron

electrons d. 3 protons and 3 electrons
b. 1 proton and 2 electrons
5. The mass number of magnesium is 24, therefore, magnesium atom has
a. 12 protons and 12 electrons c. 12 protons and 12 neutrons
b. 12 electrons and 12 d. 24 protons and 0 neutrons
neutrons
6. The element technetium has an atomic number of ?
a. 43 c. 93
b. 45 d. 94
7. What is the element discovered by Edwin McMillan?
a. Technetium c. Neptunium
b. Plutonium d. Uranium
8. The particle accelerator is used to synthesize new elements, which of the
following pairs is the correct match?
a. Linear particle accelerator to c. Cyclotron particle accelerator
technetium to uranium
b. Fast moving alpha particle to d. Chemical particle accelerator
plutonium to neptunium
9. A particle that is composed of a proton and neutron.
a. Cyclotron c. Deuteron
b. Dendeteron d. Celeron
10. Which of the following elements is belong to the family of
transuranium.

a. Carbon b.Technetium
b.Molybdenum d. Plutonium
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ANSWERS:
1.B
2.B
3.B
4.D
5.C
6.A
7.B & D
8.D
9.D
10. A

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 What I Know

Identify the key term referred in each statement. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

Nucleosynthesis 1. It is a process where the heavy elements are produced within the stars.

Exploding Star 2. It is a violent explosion of a star.

Protostar 3. It is formed when fragments of molecular cloud are clustered.

Astronomers4. It refers to the materials found between stars.

 Interstellar grains or Interstellar dust 5. The solid particles in the stars are called.

What is It

After reading the text in What’s new. Let us see how far you have learned this topic.

Match the term in Column A to Column B. Use a separate sheet of paper for
your answer.
A B

1. Interstellar grain a. All the interstellar found in the

2. Multiple shell red stars.
giant
b. The energy found in the star
3. Interstellar medium formation.

4. Infrared radiation c. Frozen materials

5. Shell fusion d. A process of formation of new

elements in the star.
e. Layers are added up in the
regions of star.

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ANSWERS:

A B

H 1. Interstellar grain f. All the interstellar found in the

J 2. Multiple shell red stars.
giant
g. The energy found in the star
F 3. Interstellar medium formation.

G 4. Infrared radiation h. Frozen materials

I 5. Shell fusion i. A process of formation of new

elements in the star.
j. Layers are added up in the
regions of star.

What’s More

Define the following terms. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.
1.White dwarf
2.Protostar
3. Stellar nucleosynthesis
4. Multiple shell-red giant
5. Interstellar grain

Answers:

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1. White dwarf - A white dwarf, also known as a degenerate dwarf, is a stellar nucleus
remnant made up mostly of electron-degenerate matter. A white dwarf is very dense, with a
density equal to that of the Sun and a volume comparable to that of Earth.

2. Protostar - A protostar is an extremely young star that is already gaining mass from its
parent molecular cloud. The protostellar period is the first stage in the evolution of a star. It
lasts around 500,000 years for a low-mass star (such as the Sun).

3. Stellar nucleosynthesis - is the mechanism by which elements are formed inside stars by
fusing protons and neutrons from lighter element nuclei. Hydrogen is the starting point for
all atoms in the universe. Within stars, fusion converts hydrogen into helium, gas, and
radiation.

4. Multiple shell-red giant - A red giant is a star that has depleted the hydrogen supply in its
core and has started thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen in a shield containing the core. They
have radii that are tens or hundreds of times greater than the Sun's. Their outer envelope,
on the other hand, is cooler, giving them a reddish-orange hue.

5. Interstellar grain- are solid particles-or, at the very least, tightly bound agglomerations of
matter-larger than molecules but usually smaller than 1O centimeter.

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 What I Have Learned

1. The stellar nucleosynthesis is a formation of heavy elements within the stars.

2. The major theory of the star formation is the theory of collapse under gravity.
3. The protostar is formed when fragments of molecular cloud are grouped.
4. The interstellar matter refers to the materials between the stars.
5. The supernova is the violent explosion of the stars.
6. The interstellar medium is all the collection of interstellar matter in the star.
7. The infrared radiation is a form of energy detected in the process of star
formation.

What I Can Do

Label the element formed in each shell fusion. Use a separate sheet of paper for
your answer.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Read and analyze each question. Write the letter that
corresponds to your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. The rock like materials found in the star.

a. Interstellar grain c. Supernova

b. Protostar d. Main sequence star
2. Which of the following best describe stellar nucleosynthesis?
a. A process of producing gases c. A process of massive
in the stars. explosion in the stars.
b. A process of producing heavy d. A process of forming heavy
elements in the molecular elements within the stars.
cloud.
3. Which of the following elements is not formed during the stellar evolution?
a. Neon c. Magnesium
b. Manganese d. Silicon
4. Which of the following is not part of infrared radiation?
a. Pressure c. Energy
b. Temperature d. Chemical reaction
5. These are the abundant gases in the stellar evolution.
a. Nitrogen and Chlorine c. Helium and Hydrogen
b. Argon and Krypton d. Hydrogen and Nitrogen
6. When carbon fuses, what element is
formed? c. Hydrogen
a. Neon d. Silicon
b. Oxygen
7. In the process of stellar nucleosynthesis, when silicon fuses what element is
formed?
a. Iron c. Magnesium
b. Neon d. Manganese
8. In the main sequence star, what happen if the fusion stops?
a. The energy in the core c. The chemical reaction in the
increases. core stops.
b. The pressure in the core is d. The molecular cloud in the
reduce. core explodes
9. The energy detected in the star formation.
a. Infrared radiation c. Chemical reaction
b. Ultraviolet ray d. Interstellar medium
10. When magnesium fuses, what element is formed?
a. Neon c. Magnesium
b. Silicon d. oxygen

ASSESSMENT
Answers:
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1. A
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. C
6. B
7. A
8. B
9. A
10.B

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 Additional Activities

Draw and arrange the chronological sequence of stellar

evolution. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.

Oxygen fusion

Neon fusion

Magnesium fusion

Silicon fusion

Iron ash

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