Laboratory 4: Design and Analysis of Single-Factor Experiments

I. OBJECTIVES

1. To solve the design and analysis of Single-Factor Experiments hypothesis

tests in Minitab 17 software and Microsoft Excel.

2. To learn how to analyze problems and how to interpret the results.

II. DISCUSSION
The analysis of variance is certainly not a new technique to the reader who has
followed the material on regression theory. We used the analysis-of-
variance approach to partition the total sum of squares into a portion due to
regression and a portion due to error.
Random samples of size n are selected from each of k populations.
The k different populations are classified on the basis of a single criterion such
as different treatments or groups. Today the term treatment is used generally to
refer to the various classifications, whether they be different aggregates, different
analysts, different fertilizers, or different regions of the country.
Bartlett’s test, is based on a statistic whose sampling distribution provides exact
critical values when the sample sizes are equal. These critical values for equal
sample sizes can also be used to yield highly accurate approximations to the
critical values for unequal sample sizes.
A method due to Cochran provides a computationally simple procedure, but it is
restricted to situations in which the sample sizes are equal. 

III. SOFTWARE NEEDED

DESCRIPTION QUANTITY
Minitab 17 1
Microsoft Excel 1

IV. PROCEDURE

1. Run the Microsoft and Minitab 17 software.

2. Input the data in the worksheet.
3. Click Stat and choose the formula that corresponds to the test to be used
4. Put all your answers after every each problems

V. PROBLEMS
1. Six different machines are being considered for use in manufacturing rubber seals.
The machines are being compared with respect to tensile strength of the product. A
random sample of four seals from each machine is used to determine whether the mean
tensile strength varies from machine to machine. The following are the tensile-strength
measurements in kilograms per square centimeter × 10−1

Perform the analysis of variance at the 0.05 level of significance and indicate whether or
not the mean tensile strengths differ significantly for the six machines.

3.Immobilization of free-ranging white-tailed deer by drugs allows researchers the

opportunity to closely examine the deer and gather valuable physiological information.
In the study Influence of Physical Restraint and Restraint Facilitating Drugs on Blood
Measurements of White-Tailed Deer and Other Selected Mammals, conducted at
Virginia Tech, wildlife biologists tested the “knockdown” time (time from injection to
immobilization) of three different immobilizing drugs. Immobilization, in this case, is
defined as the point where the animal no longer has enough muscle control to remain
standing. Thirty male white-tailed deer were randomly assigned to each of three
treatments. Group A received 5 milligrams of liquid succinylcholine chloride (SCC);
group B received 8 milligrams of powdered SCC; and group C received 200 milligrams
of phencyclidine hydrochloride. Knockdown times, in minutes, were recorded

A. Perform an analysis of variance at the 0.01 level of significance and determine

whether or not the average knockdown time for the three drugs is the same.
B.Use Cochran’s test at the 0.01 level of significance to test for homogeneity of
variances

3. A study measured the sorption (either absorption or adsorption) rates of three

different types of organic chemical solvents. These solvents are used to clean industrial
fabricated-metal parts and are potential hazardous waste. Independent samples from
each type of solvent were tested, and their sorption rates were recorded as a mole
percentage. (See McClave, Dietrich, and Sincich, 1997.)

A. Is there a significant difference in the mean sorption rates for the three solvents? Use
a P-value for your conclusions.
B.Use Bartlett’s test at the 0.05 level of significance to test for homogeneity of variances

4.It has been shown that the fertilizer magnesium ammonium phosphate, MgNH4PO4,
is an effective supplier of the nutrients necessary for plant growth. The compounds
supplied by this fertilizer are highly soluble in water, allowing the fertilizer to be applied
directly on the soil surface or mixed with the growth substrate during the potting
process. A study on the Effect of Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate on Height of
Chrysanthemums was conducted at George Mason University to determine a possible
optimum level of fertilization, based on the enhanced vertical growth response of the
chrysanthemums. Forty chrysanthemum seedlings were divided into four groups, each
containing 10 plants. Each was planted in a similar pot containing a uniform growth
medium. To each group of plants an increasing concentration of MgNH4PO4, measured
in grams per bushel, was added. The four groups of plants were grown under uniform
conditions in a greenhouse for a period of four weeks. The treatments and the
respective changes in heights, measured in centimeters, are shown next.

A. Can we conclude at the 0.05 level of significance that different concentrations of

MgNH4PO4 affect the average attained height of chrysanthemums? How much
MgNH4PO4 appears to be best?
B. Use Bartlett’s test to check whether the variances are equal. Use α = 0.05.
Prepared:

Engr. Clara Franchesca R. Llanes, CIE, AAE

Course Instructor