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CAPACITOR
S
 Objective of the Lesson:

Describe a capacitor and explain capacitance

Perform some calculations regarding
capacitance
 Deduce the effects of simple capacitors (e.g.,
parallel-plate, spherical, cylindrical) on the
capacitance, charge, and potential difference
when the size, potential difference, or charge is
changed (STEM_GP12EM-IIId-23 )
CAPACITORS
•Capacitors
are devices
that store
electric
charges and
energy.
 Capacitors
• Composed of two conductive
plates separated by an insulator
(or dielectric).
• Commonly illustrated as two
parallel metal plates separated
by a distance, d.
• One of the capacitor’s property
is the capacitance.
Capacitance

-the ability of a capacitor to store

charge

Electrical energy can be stored by

putting opposite charges on a pair
of isolated conductors. Being
conductors, the respective surfaces
of these two objects has potential
difference between them.
 CALCULATING
CAPACITANCE

•A capacitor has capacitance

25 mF and is initially
uncharged. The battery
provides a potential difference
of 120 V. After switch is closed,
how much charge will pass
through it?
 CALCULATING CAPACITANCE

PARALLEL- PLATE
CAPACITOR

C= ε0 A
d
 SPHERICAL CAPACITOR

C= 4 πε O ab
b-a
 CYLINDRICAL
CAPACITOR

C= 2πε O __L__
ln(b/a)
1. A parallel-plate capacitor has
circular plates of 8.2 cm radius
and 1.3 mm separation.
(a) Calculate the capacitance.
(b) What charge will appear on
the plates if a potential
difference of 120 V is applied?
2. You have two flat metal plates, each
of area 1.0 x 10^10 m^2, with which to
construct a parallel-plate capacitor. If
the capacitance of the device is 9.00F,
what must be the separation between
plates? Could this capacitor actually
be constructed?
(*Note: capacitor cannot be
constructed if the exponent has
smaller value than 10^-10 )
3. If a spherical capacitor has an
inner sphere of radius 12 cm and
13cm.
a.) Calculate the capacitance
b.) Compute for the charge if the
voltage is 240 V.
•Capacitors
are devices
that store
electric
charges and
energy.
Where do
we usually
find a
Capacitor?
Capacitors are widely used in
electronic circuits to perform
variety of tasks, such as
smoothing, filtering, bypassing
etc.
One type of capacitor may
not be suitable for all
applications. Such as
ceramic capacitors,
generally superior than
other types and therefore
can be used in a vast
ranges of application.
What do the size,
shape and color of the
capacitor tell us?