Let x=y

By multiplication, x(x) = (x)(y)

Thus, x2 = xy
By subtraction, x2 – y2 = xy – y2
By factoring, (x+y)(x- y )= y (x – y)
By division, x+y = y
Thus y +y = y
Since x=y
Finally, 2y = y
By division 2=1
 Topic
Multiplying Miscellaneous
Binomials
Multiplying the sum and
difference of Two terms
Finding the square of a Binomial
Finding the Cube of a Binomial
Finding the square of a Trinomial
Multiplying a Binomial and a
Trinomial of the Forms:
( a+b) ( a2-ab+b2)
(a – b )(a2+ab+b2)
Procedure
Apply the FOIL method, or use the
pattern:
(x+a)(x+b) = x2 + (a+b)x+ab
Example: (x+2)(x+3)
= x2 + (2+3)x +[ (2)(3)]
= x2+5x+6
Use the pattern:
(x+y)(x-y) = x2 – y2
Example: (x+7)(x – 7)
= x2 - 49
Use the patterns:
(x+y)2 = x2+ 2xy + y2
(x – y)2 = x2 – 2xy + y2
Examples:
(x +4)2 = x2 +8x + 16
(x – 3)2 = x2 – 6x + 9
Use these patterns:
(x+y)3 = x3 +3x2y+3xy2+y3
(x – y )3 = x3 –3x2y +3xy2 – y 3
Examples:
(x+2)3 = x3 +6x2+12x+8
(x – 1 )3 = x3 –3x2 + 3x –1
Use the pattern:
(a+b+c)2 =a2+b2+c2+2ab+2ac+2bc
Example:
(x+2y+1)2 =x2+4y+1 +4xy+ 2x+ 4y
( a+b) ( a2-ab+b2)=a3+b3
(a – b )(a2+ab+b2)= a3 – b 3
Examples:
(x+3)(x2-3x+9) = x3+27
(x – 4) (x2 + 4x +16) = x3 - 64
 Topic
Common Monomial Factoring
Factoring by Grouping
Factoring Difference of two
Squares
Factoring Perfect Square
Trinomial
Factoring the sum or difference
of two cubes
Factoring Trinomials of the
Form x2 +Bx + C
Factoring Trinomials of the
Form Ax2 +Bx + C
Procedure
1. Determine the largest common
Factor.
2. Rewrite the polynomial as a
product of the common factor
and the remaining factor.
Example:
3x2 – 6 x = (3x)( x – 2)
Example:
ay+az+by +bz = a(y+z) + b(y+z)
=(y+z) (a+b)
a2 – b2 = (a+b)(a-b)
9x2 – 4 = (3x +2)(3x- 2)
a2 + 2ab + b2= (a+b)(a+b)
a2 - 2ab + b2=(a – b )(a – b )
example:
x2– 20x +100 = ( x – 10) (x – 10 )
a3+b3 = (a+b)(a2-ab +b2)
a3 – b 3 = (a – b )(a2 +ab +b2)
example:
x3 + 125 = (x+5) (x2 - 5x + 25)
x3 – 1 = (x – 1) ( x2+x +1)
Examples:
x2 +6x+5 = (x+5)(x+1)
x2 – 3x – 4 = (x – 4 ) (x +1)
Examples:
2x+5x+3 = ( 2x+3)( x+1 )
20x2 – 11x – 3 = (4x -3 ) (5x + 1)

COMMON MONOMIAL FACTORING- one type of special products are the

polynomials with common monomial factors. A polynomial of this type is a result of
multiplying the terms of another polynomial by a common monomial factor.

Polynomial Common Monomial Remaining Factor Factored form

factor
A) 2x + 10 2 X+5 2(x+5)
B) -8m – 12 -4 2m+3 -4(2m+3)
C) 3x3 – 12x2 – 9x 3x x2 – 4x – 3 3x(x2 – 4x – 3)
D) y5+y3 Y3 Y2 +1 y3(y2+1)
 FACTORING BY GROUPING:
LET US PRACTICE EVEN MORE:

1. 2x – 10 +xy – 5y
Regroup your polynomial: ( 2x – 10) + (xy – 5y)
Take out the common factor 2(x – 5 ) + y(x – 5 )
Get the common factor again (x – 5 ) ( 2 + y)
Therefore:
2x – 10 +xy – 5y = (x – 5)(2+y)
2. 4xz – 4yz – x + y

Regroup your polynomial: (4xz – 4yz) + (- x + y)

Take out the common factor 4z(x – y ) - 1(x – y )
Get the common factor again (x – y )(4z – 1 )
Therefore:
4xz – 4yz – x + y = (x – y )(4z – 1 )

1. 7m3 + 7m2 – m – 1

2. X(x – 1 ) – 5 ( 1 – x )

FACTORNG DIFFERENCE OF TWO SQUARES

DTS FACTORS
x2-y2 (x+y)(x – y )
9x2 – 100
36x3y5 – xyz6

FACTORNG Perfect Square Trinomial

PST FACTORS
2
Y +2y + 1 ( y+1 ) ( y+1)
4m2 + 12m + 36
9x6 – 60x3y4 + 100y8
 FACTORNG Two Cubes
Two Cubes FACTORS
3 2
8x – 1 ( 2x -1 ) ( 4x + 2x + 1)
27x3 + 125y12
X3 – 1/8
Is ( x+y)3 = x+ + y3 ? Why or why not? __________________________________________________________

Is ( x – y ) 3 = x3 – y3 ? why or why not ? ________________________________________________________

FACTORING GENERAL TRINOMIALS OF THE FORM:

X2+BX+C.
You will find that factoring a general Trinomial requires skills, experience and often, trial and error.
I n this lesson, we will use capital letter A, B, and C to stand for the coefficients of the trinomial
instead of the usual a,b and c.
Let us start with these examples:

1. X 2 + 7x + 10 2. X2 – 6x + 5

Recall that by using FOIL method in multiplying two binomials, we obtained the general pattern :
(x+a)(x+b) = x2 + (a+b)x + ab
Since we are looking for the factors, let us reverse the process , Let (a+b) = B , and a b= C. We now
obtain a new pattern for the form : x2 + Bx + C = (x + a) ( x + b) , where B = a+b and C = ab. Or
basically what are the factors of C that will give you a+b or B.
Thus :
1. x2 + 7x + 10 = (x + 5) (x+2) , and 2. X2 – 6x + 5 = (x – 1 ) ( x – 5 )

LET US PRACTICE SOME MORE. FIND THE REMAINING FACTOR FOR EACH GIVEN GENERAL TRINOMIAL.
1. x2 + 4X + 3 = ( ______) (x + 1)
2. x2 + 8X +7 = ( ______) (x + 1)
3. y2- 4y + 3=( ______) (x – 3 )
4. x2 – 3x – 10= ( ______) (x - 5 )
5. x2 – 7x – 18= ( ______) (x - 9 )
FACTORING GENERAL TRINOMIALS OF THE FORM:
AX2+BX+C.
When the coefficient of the x2 term is not 1, there are more possibilities to consider. But since we
have limited resources we will only focus on one method – the trial and error method.
To factor a general trinomial where A ≠ 1:
a) look for common factor.
b) Factor the first term Ax2.
c) Factor the last term, C.
d) Look for factors in (b) and (c) such that their products is the middle term Bx.
 Examples:

1. 5x2 + 21x + 4 SOLUTION:

Factor the first and last terms.
Terms factors
2
5x 5x and x
4 2,2 and 4, 1
Write the possibilities and check the middle term using the FOIL
method.
Possible factors Middle Term

(5x +2)(x+2) 12x Wrong

(5x +4)(x +1 ) 9x Wrong

(5x +1) (x +4) 21x Correct

Hence, 5x2 + 21x +4 = ( 5x+1) (x +4)

2 .
2. Factor 12x – 20x + 3 SOLUTION:
Factor the first and last terms.
Terms factors
2
12x 12x , x 6x,2x 4x,3x
3 3, 1 -3, -1
Write the possibilities and check the middle term using the FOIL
method.
Possible factors Middle Term

(12x - 3 )(x - 1) -15x Wrong

(12x – 1 )(x – 3 ) -37x Wrong

(6x – 3 )( 2x – 1 ) -12x Wrong

(6x – 1 ) (2x – 3 ) -20x Correct

(4x – 3 ) ( 3x – 1 ) -13x Wrong

(4x – 1) ( 3x – 3 ) -15x Wrong

Hence , 12x2 – 20x + 3 = (6x – 1)(2x – 3 )

2
3. Factor 7x – 33x – 10 . SOLUTION:
Factor the first and last terms.
Terms factors
2
7x 7x , x
-10 10,-1 -10,1 5,-2 -5,2
Write the possibilities and check the middle term using the FOIL
method.

Possible factors Middle Term

(7x – 10) ( x +1) -3x Wrong

(7x + 10) ( x – 1) 3x Wrong

(7x – 1 ) ( x + 10) 69x Wrong

(7x +1) ( x – 10) -69x Wrong

(7x – 5 ) ( x +2 ) 9x Wrong

(7x + 5 ) ( x – 2 ) -9x Wrong

(7x – 2 ) ( x + 5) 33x Wrong

(7x + 2) ( x – 5 ) -33x Correct

Hence 7x2 – 33x – 10 = ( 7x +2) ( x – 5 ).

Kindly take note that you need not to check all possible factors. Once you find the factors whose middle
term has the absolute value as the middle term of the trinomial stick unto it , but change signs if
necessary.

Now is your turn, try this!

4. 9x2 – 5x – 4 = __________________________________________________

5. 8x2 – 11x – 10 =__________________________________________________

EXERCISES:
REFERENCE: (Source: Worksheet No.2 “Who Said This?” , Patterns and Practicalities 8, Nivera G. (2014)
Page 32, (Updated Edition) , SalesianaBOOKS, Don Bosco Press, Inc. )

Who said this?

“Keep away from people who try to belittle your ambitions. Small People Always do that, but real
great people make you feel that you, too, can become great”.
Decode the name of the famous person who spoke these words and advice following these steps:
1. Factor each expression in a Box A.
2. Write the letter of the expression in the Answer Box that corresponds to your answer.
Box A.
A I W A
2 3 4 2
x –1 m + 125 x – 100 x + 6x + 9
N K T
2 9 2
36x – 84x + 49 3x2 – 12 x – 27 5x – 20

R M
16m2 – 8mn + n2 9x2y2 – 16

Answer Box
(3xy+4) (3xy – 4 ) 5(x+2)(x – 2 )
(x+3) (x+3) (x2 +10 )( x2 – 10 )
(4m – n)(4m – n ) (x+1)(x – 1)
(x3 – 3) (x6 +3x3+9) (m +5) (m2 – 5m +25)
(6x – 7) (6x – 7 ) 3 (x+2) ( x – 2)
 3.10w2 – 29w – 3
1.3f2 +6f - 9
4. 81x2- 64y2

2. 6n2 - 7n - 24
5.a2 +b2+c2+2ab+2bac+2ac

6.16b2 -24b+9
7. x3 - 8

2 10. s2 +4s – 12
8. 15a – 13ab +
2b2
9.64+w3

ANSWER BOX: =
1 6
2 7

3 8
4 9

5 10