MODULE 3

WELDING SAFETY

Lesson The Personal Protective and Clothing

Devices
1

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SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the different types of personal protective clothing and
devices (PPE).
2. Discuss the proper usage of PPE.
3. Explain the importance of using PPE.
4. Enumerate the types of PPE and their functions.

MOTIVATION

“An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”.

Benjamin Franklin

DISCUSSION

Like other jobs or careers, welders must wear suitable protective

equipment. In general, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) must protect against
hazards such as burns, sparks, spatter, electric shock, and radiation. The use of
PPE is a good safe practice and may be required by regulatory agencies. For

1|Page METAL WORKS Prof. Imelda R. Ubag

example, OSHA requires the use of PPE when engineering and administrative
controls are not feasible or effective.

What is PPE?

Generally, PPE is any type of clothing or equipment designed to protect a

worker from potential hazards in the workplace.

14 types of Personal Protective equipment’s (PPE) in SMAW

A. B.

Auto Darkening Welding Helmet – are

designed to protect the eyes and faces from
spark, spatter, and harmful radiation
under normal welding conditions

C.D.

Face Shield – face shield is intended to

protect the wearer's partial or entire face
and the eyes from hazards. Face shields
should be used
with spectacles and/or goggles.

E.F.Googles - provide a degree of eye protection

while some forms of welding and cutting
are being done. They are intended to
protect the eyes not only from the heat and
optical radiation produced by the welding,
such as the intense ultraviolet light
produced by an electric arc, but also from
sparks or debris.[1] A full facemask may be
required for arc welding.

G.H.
Welding Gloves – are personal protective
equipment (PPE) that protect the hands of
welders from the hazards of welding. These
gloves allow digit articulation while
protecting the operator from electrical
shock, extreme heat, and ultraviolet and
infrared radiation, and also provide
abrasion resistance and enhanced grip.

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I. J.

Leather Apron - is designed and

constructed to provide full protection
against the risk of flying molten metal and
glowing particles produced during welding
jobs or similar work.

A.B.
Earmuff - consist of sound-attenuating
material and soft ear cushions that fit around
the ear and hard outer cups. They are held
together by a head band.

Advantages:

 less attenuation variability among users

 designed so that one size fits most head
sizes
 easily seen at a distance to assist in the
monitoring of their use
 not easily misplaced or lost
 may be worn with minor ear infections

Disadvantages:

 less portable and heavier

 more inconvenient for use with other
personal protective equipment.
 more uncomfortable in hot, humid work
area
 more inconvenient for use in confined
work areas
 may interfere with the wearing of safety
or prescription glasses: wearing glasses
results in breaking the seal between the
ear muff and the skin and results in
decreased hearing protection.

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C.D.
Earplug – are inserted in the ear canal. They
may be remolded (preformed) or moldable (foam
ear plugs). Disposable, reusable or custom
molded ear plugs are available.

Advantages:

 small and easily carried

 convenient to use with other personal
protection equipment (can be worn with
ear muffs)
 more comfortable for long-term wear in
hot, humid work areas
 convenient for use in confined work
areas

Disadvantages:

 requires more time to fit

 more difficult to insert and remove
 require good hygiene practices
 may irritate the ear canal
 easily misplaced
 more difficult to see and monitor usage

E.F.
Hand held shield - A hand shield is a type of
welding mask that is designed to be hand-held
by the observer for a short duration. Where
appropriate they may be used in lieu of welding
helmets and goggles, which are designed for
long-term use and allow both of the welder’s
hands to remain free.

G.H.

Protective cover all – a type of personal

protected equipment which intended to cover
all your body. The hazards addressed by
protective equipment includes physical,
electrical heat chemicals biohazards, and
airborne particular matter.

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I. J.

Leather Jacket – Are clothing item of Personal

Protective Equipment (PPE) intended to protect
welders from metal spatter and high heat by
the use of fire resistant and thermally
insulating materials.
K.L.

Respirator – Is a device designed to protect the

wear from inhaling hazardous atmospheres,
including fumes, vapors, gases and particulate
matter such as dust.

M.N.

Leggings – Protects the lower legs and feet from

heat hazards such as molten metal or welding
sparks. Safety snaps allow leggings to be
removed quickly.

O.P.Safety Glass – Is designed for users who are

working around or visiting a welding area. They
allow the wearer to see clearly without suffering
from welder’s flash burn from surrounding. You
can also use this for grinding purposes and
removing the slags.
Q.R.
Safety Shoes – Is a durable boot or shoe that
has the capacity to protect the foot from falling
objects or compression. The main purpose is to
protect our foot from spatter.

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 Lesson
Safety Signs and Symbols
2
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SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
1. Recognize the safety signs and symbols used in welding.
2. Identify the environmental hazards.
3. Identify the different types of fires and their classifications.
4. Develop life skills of being responsible for one's self.

MOTIVATION

“Safety is our concern—not deadlines. Nothing will happen

until everything is ready and we’re absolutely confident.
This will be a safe operation.”
Mikhail Manin

DISCUSSION

SAFETY SIGNS AND SYMBOLS

Safety symbols are pictures sometimes called safety pictographs, pictograms,

or pictorials. They are used in place of, or as a supplement to written words. These
symbols provide warnings or alerts about a possible hazard.

Because pictures may convey information better than words, graphic

symbols are added to precautionary labels to show major workplace dangers like
welding or cutting hazards.

The use of symbols on precautionary labels is optional, and is recommended

for the following reasons:
 Symbols may show and help to explain the hazards quickly.
 Symbols can be understood by both readers and non-readers.
 Symbols may be multilingual and usually translate directly into
all languages.
Welding and cutting industry have adopted standardized symbols and
uniform methods of use to avoid user confusion and to supplement and reinforce
the written message.
Words
The large word at the top of the label is called the signal word. It is used in
combination with a specific colored background and combined with the safety alert
symbol to indicate the degree of seriousness of a potential hazard. Because of its
colored background, the signal word is usually the first element that you notice
when looking at a safety label. According to International Standard Organization

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(ISO), there are three (3) choices for a signal word:

1. DANGER. Used to indicate an

imminently hazardous situation which,
if avoided, will result in death or
serious injury. The use of this signal
word should be limited to the most
extreme situations.

2. WARNING. This indicates a

potentially hazardous situation which,
if not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury.

3. CAUTION. Used to indicate a

potentially hazardous situation which,
if not avoided, may result in minor or
moderate injury. CAUTION may also
be used without the safety color
symbol (the triangle with exclamation
mark) to indicate property-damage-
only

Color

Since color is typically the first thing that draws the attention of the viewer,
the color-coded surrounding shapes act as a first level of meaning and, as you draw
closer to the sign, you are able to distinguish the specific information conveyed by
the graphic symbol.

 Example A is an ISO “Warning Safety Sign”. This type of label is meant to tell
what the hazard is (e.g. “fire hazard”).
 Example B is an ISO “Prohibition Safety Sign”. This label tells about an
action not to take in order to avoid a hazard (e.g. “no open flame”).
 Example C is an ISO “Mandatory Action Safety Sign”. This label defines an
action that needs to be taken to avoid the hazard (e.g. “read manual”).

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Classification of Safety Signs

1. Regulatory Signs- signs contain instructions. Failure to comply with them

constitutes an offense under law, standing orders, company policy, etc.

a. Mandatory signs are regulatory signs which indicate that an instruction

must be carried out. When symbols are used, they are white on a blue disc.
Text-only mandatory signs are black or white in a portrait format.

2. Prohibition signs are regulatory signs which indicate that an action or activity
is not allowed. The symbolic shape used on prohibition signs is the red circle and
slash over a black symbol. Prohibition signs may contain only the red circle and
text with no symbol.

3. Warning Signs- signs which warn of a hazard or hazardous condition that is not
likely to be life-threatening. The symbolic shape used on warning signs is black
triangle with yellow interior and black symbol. The word warning is not required to
print on the sign, although it is often used for added impact.

4. Danger Signs- signs which warn of a hazard or hazardous condition is likely life
threatening. It is recommended that symbols not be used on danger signs.

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5. Fire Signs- advice the location of fire alarms and firefighting equipment. Fire
signs contain a white symbol and/or text on a red background.

6. Emergency Information Signs- indicate the location of, or direction to,

emergency- related facilities (exits, first aid, safety equipment, etc.). These signs
feature a white symbol and/or text on a green background.

7. General Information Signs- communicate information of a general nature in

order to avoid misunderstanding or confusion. These signs often refer to
housekeeping, company practices and logistics.

SUGGESTED LEARNING ACTIVITY

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