ASIA-PACIFIC ECONOMIC
COOPERATION (APEC)
OBJECTIVES:
• To encourage the creation of a policy
and regulatory environment
favorable to the development of the
Asia Pacific Information
Infrastructure.
• To encourage technical cooperation
among member economies in the
development of the infrastructure.
• To facilitate the construction and
expansion of an interconnected and
interoperable information
infrastructure in the region.
• To further the exchange and
development of human resources.
• To promote free and efficient flow of
information.
ROLES (in trade):
• Delivering strong advocacy for
global value chains and open
markets.
• Supporting services integration.
• Working towards a Free Trade Area
of the Asia-Pacific.
FUNCTIONS:
• To connect the region through
improving physical infrastructure
linkages, people mobility and
institutional ties across the Asia-
Pacific.
• To enhance social equity in the
region.
• To foster transparency, competition,
and better functioning markets in the
Asia-Pacific through regulatory
reform, improving public sector and
NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY
ORGANIZATION (NATO)
OBJECTIVES:
• To create fear psychosis for Soviet
Russia.
• To stabilize mentally the European
nations.
• To save the country of Europe and
America which was to be attacked
by Russia.
• To unite all the countries of Europe
and America under one umbrella. It
also aimed at economic stability of
these countries and advancement in
military front.
• To warn Russia that if it attacks on
any country of Europe or America,
then USA would help that affected
country.
ROLES:
• To defend its member states against
aggression or the threat of
aggression and to the principle that
an attack against one or several
members would be considered as
an attack against all.
• To include the war on terrorism after
9/11 terrorist attack on world trade
center which was considered an
attack on the US.
• To safeguard the freedom & security
of its member countries by political
and military means.
• To serve as a regional defense
alliance.
FUNCTIONS:
• Committed to the peaceful
resolution of disputes.
• To guarantee the freedom and
security of its members through
political and military means.
• To promote democratic values and
enables members to consult and
cooperate on defense and security-
related issues to solve problems,
build trust and, in the long run,
prevent conflict.
 corporate governance, and
strengthening the legal
infrastructure.
• To improve logistics and transport
networks to enable component parts
and final goods to travel across
multiple borders, contributing to a
more efficient regional supply chain.
• To improve the competitiveness of
SME by promoting entrepreneurship
and innovation by connecting
technology start-ups with funding
and mentors.
• To improve the ease of doing
business in the Asia-Pacific.
• To make easier to trading across
borders.
• To promoting trade and economic
growth in the Asia-Pacific.
• To reduce non-renewable energy in
the region and to work toward
doubling the share of renewable
energy by 2030.

SOURCES:
1. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (n.d.). Objectives and Principles for the Asia Pacific
Information Infrastructure included in the Seoul Declaration for the Asia Pacific Information
Infrastructure. Retrieved September 22, 2020. Retrieved
from https://www.apec.org/Meeting-Papers/Sectoral-Ministerial-
Meetings/Telecommunications-and-Information/1996_tel/annex_1
2. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (n.d.). Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC).
Retrieved September 22, 2020. Retrieved
from https://www.dfat.gov.au/trade/organisations/apec/Pages/asia-pacific-economic-
cooperation-apec
3. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (2019). Functions of APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic
Cooperation). Retrieved September 22, 2020. Retrieved
from https://www.papertyari.com/general-awareness/banking/functions-apec/
4. Rana, V. (n.d.). NATO: Formation, Principles, Objectives and Analysis of NATO.
Retrieved September 22, 2020. Retrieved
from https://www.historydiscussion.net/history/cold-war/nato-formation-principles-objectives-
and-analysis-of-nato/1903
5. All Answers Ltd. (2018). Role of North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Retrieved September
22, 2020. Retrieved from https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/international-law/role-
of-north-atlantic-treaty-organization-international-law-essay.php?vref=1
6. NATO (n.d.). What is NATO? Retrieved September 22, 2020. Retrieved
from https://www.nato.int/nato-
welcome/#:~:text=NATO's%20purpose%20is%20to%20guarantee,the%20long%20run%2C
%20prevent%20conflict.