Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

PHYSICAL EDUCATION - Grade 9

Quarter 1, Week 1
Module 1

Physical Fitness
First Aid for Injuries and Emergencies

Learning Competency

Performs appropriate first aid for injuries and

emergency situations in physical activity and sports
settings (e.g. cramps, sprain, heat exhaustion)

PE9PF-Ib-30

Address: D. Macapagal Highway, Poblacion, Toledo City

Tel. No.: (032) 322-7770; Fax. No.: (032) 467-8629;
Email Address: toledo.city@deped.gov.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

Introductory Message

 To the Learner

You are about to work on Module 1/Week 1. Are you ready to experience the
world of learnings?

The advancement caused by science and technology has made life easier
unfortunately, the luxury of just pushing a button or clicking a mouse is leading us to a
sedentary lifestyle.
To satisfy the stress to meet the demands of daily routines and activities, it
requires a fitter and healthier mind and body which may be achieved through active
participation in physical activities like sports officiating.

This module dares to answer this pressing concern as it introduces you to the
world of sports officiating; its basic which includes both the personal and professional
qualities that an officiating official should have.
Real-life experiences and challenges will be given on sports officiating to help
you enhance your fitness, management skills, and positive behavior such as integrity,
teamwork, discipline, sound judgment, and impartiality.

To get started, there are some tips that you must remember:

 Take the pre-test before continuing to the lessons. The test could give you an
idea of how much time should you allot to each lesson.
 Read the instructions carefully.
 Perform every activity in each lesson.
 Perform the simple activities before reading the discussions.
 Do not forget to answer all the exercises as honestly as you can. Compare
your answers with the keys to correction.
 Answer the post-test so that you will know how much you have learned from
the lessons.

Good luck!

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

 To the Parent/Facilitator

This module will help the learner in different ways. It will make him engage in
different activities that will make him succeed in discovering a lesson in Physical Fitness
(First Aid for Injuries and Emergency Situations). But all of these will be realized if you will
aid him/her in every phase of this module. Provide him/her with the necessary help every
time he/she needs assistance. In this way, it will be easier for him/her to carry out the
desired goals of this module. Your patience and understanding will support the learner in the
learning episodes and will surely bring him success. Thank you in advance!

Introduction

What is first aid and why is it important? Let me give you a short introduction to it.
At any moment, you, or someone around you could experience an injury or illness,
especially during the game. Using basic first aid, you’ll be ready to stop a minor mishap from
getting worse. In the case of a serious medical emergency, you’ll even save a life.
That is why it is so important to find out basic first aid skills. The aims of basic first aid
providers include “preserving life, alleviating suffering, preventing further illness or injury, and
promoting recovery.” First aid does not take the place of proper medical aid. However, in
many cases, medical aid is unnecessary, and the ill or injured person will safely recover.

What I Need to Know

After you are through with this module, you are expected to be able to:

 explain the importance of first aid for injuries and emergencies in physical activity and
sports settings;
 illustrate basic first aid for injuries and emergencies in physical activity and sports
settings through a creative graphical organizer;
 demonstrate gentleness and calmness in assessing an emergency; and
 display concern for others during an emergency.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY


What I Know

Before you go further, consider answering the pre-assessment items below. This
would help determine whether you already have prior knowledge about basic first aid.
Let’s assess if you are ready for participating in physical activities by taking the
Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q). Copy the template below and
accomplish it in your activity notebook:

NAME
QUESTIONS YES NO
 Has your doctor ever said that you have a heart condition
and that you should only do physical activity
recommended by a doctor?
 Do you feel pain in your chest when you do physical
activity?
 In the past month, have you had chest pain when you
were not doing physical activity?
 Do you lose your balance because of dizziness or have
you ever lost consciousness?
 Do you have a bone or joint problem (for example, back,
knee, hip) that could be made worse by a change in your
physical activity?
 Is your doctor currently prescribing drugs for your heart
condition?
 Do you know of any other reason why you should not do
physical activity?

Let’s see what the questionnaire revealed about your fitness:

 If you answered YES to any of these questions, talk with your doctor before you start
engaging in physical activity. Tell your doctor about the PAR-Q and which questions
you answered yes.
 If you answered NO to all PAR-Q questions, you can take start participating in
physical activity.
Source: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. (2002). Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire - PAR-Q. Retrieved from: www.csep.ca/forms

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

In the last module, you learned about physical fitness. Do you still remember the
things that were discussed in the last module? Let’s check your understanding by answering
the following questions in your notebook.

1. What is physical fitness?

2. What are the benefits of physical fitness?
3. Is physical fitness important? Why? Why not?
4. As a student, how can you promote physical fitness?

How did you find the review? Well, surely you were able to answer those questions!
Welcome to this part of the module! I am very certain you will enjoy and learn more
about basic first aid for injuries and emergencies.
Write down your immediate action to the following situations. Write your answers in
your activity notebook.
Situation Immediate Action to be Taken
1. During a volleyball game, a player fell
after having a spike and he broke his knee.
2. In a basketball, a player loses his
balance and injured his ankle.
3. A player in speak takraw perform a horse
kick serve but he loses his balance and hit
on the floor, he severely injured his leg.

 What is first aid and why is it important?

 What is the first thing you should do before performing first aid?
 Why should first aid be taught in schools?

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

BASIC FIRST AID

First aid is immediate and temporary care given to a person who has been injured or
suddenly taken ill. It includes self-help and home care if medical help is not available or
delayed.

Objectives of First Aid:

● To alleviate suffering
● To prevent added/further injury or danger
● To prolong life

Common Injury Encountered by Officiating Officials and Athletes

Other serious injuries that require immediate care or first aid include:

Sprains vs. Strains

A sprain is a stretch or tear of a ligament, the band of connective tissues that joins
the end of one bone with another. Sprains are caused by trauma such as a fall or a blow to
the body that knocks a joint out of position and, in the worst case, ruptures the supporting
ligaments.
Sprains can range from first degree (minor) to third degree (the worst). Areas of the
body most vulnerable to sprains are ankles, knees, and wrists. Signs of a sprain include
varying degrees of tenderness or pain, bruising, inflammation, swelling, inability to move a
limb or joint or joint looseness, laxity, or instability.
A strain is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon - a cord of tissue connecting
muscle to bone. It is an acute, non-contact injury that results from overstretching or over-
contraction. Symptoms of a strain include pain, muscle spasm and loss of strength. While it’s
hard to tell the difference between mild and moderate strains, severe strains not treated
professionally can cause damage and loss of function.

Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/3wLp4Ld5AzcSBiXs7

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

Fractures

A fracture is a break in the bone that can occur from either a quick, one-time injury to
the bone (acute fracture) or from repeated stress to the bone over time (stress fracture).
The most common symptom of a stress fracture is pain at the site that worsens with
weight bearing activities. Tenderness and swelling often accompany the pain. This is very
important for the coaches to recognize and refer the athlete to the trainers or the team
physicians.

Types of Fracture
Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/h2DztX9NFZMPQ9GU9

Home treatment

R.I.C.E method
 Rest the injured part, especially for the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury – this is the
most critical time of treatment. Avoid any activity that causes pain or makes it worse.
Use crutches if the leg, foot or ankle is injured. Support an injured wrist, arm or
shoulder with a sling. Tape an injured toe or finger to its healthy neighbor.
 Ice is an excellent anti-inflammatory and reduces swelling and pain. Apply an ice
pack or cold compress for 10 to 15 minutes as soon as possible after an injury.
Repeat each hour for the first 3 or 4 hours, then 4 times a day for the next 2 to 3
days. Protect your skin with a thin cloth. If ice packs are not available, a packet of
frozen vegetables in a cloth will do.
 Compression also reduces swelling. Use elastic bandages for at least 2 days. Check
that the bandage is snug, but not too tight. Take the bandage off at night.
 Elevation drains fluids from injured tissues. Elevate the injured area whenever you
are sitting or lying down. Try to keep the injured area at or above the level of the
heart.

Source:
https://images.app.goo.gl/LtZm8DTKUaGSsFHj7

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

For sprains and strains

Minor sprains and strains can be treated at home using the following measures. Start
treatment as soon as possible to reduce swelling and speed up recovery. The less swelling,
the more blood can get to the injured part to start the repair process.
 Apply the R.I.C.E. method.
 Do not apply heat during the first two days as this will only increase swelling.
 Use paracetamol for the first day of the injury, to reduce pain without increasing
bleeding. Thereafter, ibuprofen (or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatories) or aspirin
is a good choice. Don't give aspirin to a child younger than 16 years.
 Apply Arnica oil to reduce swelling.
 Remove rings at once if the injury is to the hand or fingers.
 After 48 hours, start moving the limb gently, but only enough not to cause pain.
 Gradually increase the range of movement – let pain be your guide.
Strains usually heal in about a week. Sprains may take up to three weeks to heal.

Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/G8MBNm1TsKHCrUxd8

For fractures

 Apply the R.I.C.E method.

 Keep the limb in the position you found it and place soft padding around the broken
bones. Splint the injury with something rigid, such as rolled up newspaper or
magazines, to prevent the bones from shifting. Don't move the broken bones. Splints
must be long enough to extend beyond joints above and below the fracture.
 If there is an open fracture, cover it with a clean gauze pad. Apply pressure to control
bleeding. Don't try to push the bone back into the wound and don't attempt to clean it.
 Get medical attention immediately. Fractures of the femur and pelvis may cause
severe internal bleeding.
 Don't give the person anything to eat or drink in case surgery is needed.

See a doctor if:

 You suspect a fracture or dislocation or if you are unsure of the severity of a sprain or
strain.
 You cannot straighten the affected joint or bear weight on it, or if a joint feel unstable.
 The skin over the injury area is broken

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

 The limb below the injury feels numb or tingling, or is white, pale, or blue in color, or
feels colder compared to the other healthy limb.
 The ligaments of the knee are injured.
 You injure an area that has been injured several times before.
 Pain is severe or lasts longer than 24 hours, or if swelling doesn't subside within 48
hours.
 A sprain or strain doesn't improve after five to seven days.
 Signs of infection develop.

Prevention
 Many exercise-induced injuries can
be prevented. Don't be a "weekend
warrior". Get yourself into shape
gradually with a graded exercise
programme. Listen to your body.
Warm up properly and cool off after
exercising. Use proper equipment
and the correct technique.
 Use common sense to prevent injury
in everyday life. Don't carry heavy
objects. Watch where you step. Keep
your home safe.
 To prevent falls, older adults should
keep their muscles strong by
Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/jhcLihFVpe3Nh2BW6
exercising or doing tai chi.

What concepts did you learn about basic first aid? Let us try doing the following activity:
A. Choose one serious injury that requires immediate care or first aid (Sprain, Strain, or
Fracture) during a sports activity like basketball or volleyball. And answer the following
questions:
1. Where does the injury happen? ____________________________
2. What are the factors that contributed to the occurrence of the injury? __________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. What are the proper procedures in giving first aid to the injury? _______________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4. How can you prevent injury? __________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

B. The task is to present the information on basic first aid proper for injuries and
emergencies in physical activity and sports settings through a creative graphical organizer.
Write your graphical organizer in a long size bond paper. You may follow the example below.

Name: Date:
Grade Level & Section: Rating:

Sprain/Strain Fracture

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

How was your experience in the earlier activity? I guess you are now ready to tell
what you have learned from that lesson. Let us put into one idea what you have learned
about basic first aid proper for injuries and emergencies in physical activity and sports
settings. Complete the following statements:

I learned that_____________________________________________________________.
I will apply_______________________________________________________________.

Express How You Feel:

In this part, you are to pour out your heart and mind on how a grade 9 student can be a first
aider. Complete the three sentences starting with…

I can be a first aider because__________________________________________.

I will be a first aider because ___________________________________________.
As a first aider, I will__________________________________________________.

Fill in the blanks with the correct description of each statement below.

1. Basic first aid means ___________________________________________.

2. Sprain is ____________________________________________________.
3. Strain is _____________________________________________________.
4. Fracture is ___________________________________________________.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

You are almost done! Are you ready to test your knowledge about changes in
different dimensions during adolescence? Take this post activity. Try your best to get 90% or
6 correct answers out of 7.
A. Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. What do you call the immediate care given to an injured person before the
Arrival of a physician?
A. First Aid
B. Intensive care
C. Chest compression
D. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

2. Which is the goal of first aid?

A. To prolong life
B. To intensify suffering
C. To end the service of the physician
D. To bridge the gap between the victim and the physician

3. What injury breaks or a crack a bone?

A. Fracture
B. Laceration
C. Sprain
D. Wound

4. Which injury stretch or tear the ligaments?

A. Dislocation
B. Fracture
C. Sprain
D. Strain

5. Which injury twist, pull or tear a muscle or a tendon?

A. Dislocation
B. Fracture
C. Sprain
D. Strain

B. Answer the following questions:

1. Why is first aid important?

2. Why is having knowledge and skills in first aid important?

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

Music is Good for Health

Compose a 4 – line chant in English, Filipino or your own dialect describing the
importance of having first aid and safety awareness.

Criteria: Relevance of the topic

Example: First aid ay kailangan

Upang emergency ay ating matugunan
Ngunit mas makakabuting, mag-ingat-ingat lang
Iwasan ang sakuna, katawan ay protektahan

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

OHSP PE 1 Q1 – module 1
Enjoy Life with P.E and Health. Darilag, Agripino G. et.al. 2012. Pp. 212-232.*
Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. (2002). Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire - PAR-Q.
Retrieved from: www.csep.ca/forms
https://images.app.goo.gl/3wLp4Ld5AzcSBiXs7
https://images.app.goo.gl/h2DztX9NFZMPQ9GU9
https://images.app.goo.gl/LtZm8DTKUaGSsFHj7
https://images.app.goo.gl/G8MBNm1TsKHCrUxd8
https://images.app.goo.gl/jhcLihFVpe3Nh2BW6

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TOLEDO CITY

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