You are on page 1of 22

NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

1. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan hipotesis ‘mangga dan kunci’bagi tindakan enzim.


Diagram below shows the ‘lock and key hypothesis’ of enzyme reaction.

P Q

Apakah yang diwakili oleh P, Q and R?


What is represented by P, Q and R?

P Q R
A Enzim Substrat Produk
Enzyme Substrate Product
B Substrat Enzim Produk
Substrate Enzyme Product
C Produk Enzim Substrat
Product Enzyme Substrate
D Enzim Produk Substrat
Enzyme Product Substrate

2. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan mekanisma tindakbalas enzim.


Diagram below shows the mechanism of an enzymatic reaction.

P Q

Apakah P, Q dan R?
What are P, Q and R?
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

P Q R
A Enzim Substrat Produk
Enzyme Substrate Products
B Substrat Enzim Produk
Substrate Enzyme Products
C Produk Enzim Substrat
Products Enzyme Substrate
D Substrat Produk Enzim
Substrate Products Enzyme

3.
X
Asid amino + Asid amino dipeptida + air
Amino acid + Amino acid dipeptide + water
Y

Apakah X dan Y?
What is process X and Y?

X Y
Hidrolisis Kondensasi
A
Hydrolysis Condensation
Kondensasi Hidrolisis
B
Condensation Hydrolysis
Hidrolisis Hidrolisis
C
Hydrolysis Hydrolysis
Kondensasi Kondensasi
D
Condensation Condensation

4. Rajah menunjukkan satu jenis struktur protein. Yang manakah antara berikut adalah
contoh untuk struktur itu?
Diagram shows one type of protein structure. Which of the following is an example of
the structure?

A Keratin B Sutera
Keratin Silk
C Enzim D Hemoglobin
Enzyme Haemoglobin
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

5. Yang manakah antara berikut terbentuk daripada kondensasi 3 molekul asid lemak
dan 1 molekul gliserol?
Which of the following is formed from condensation of 3 molecules of fatty acids and
1 molecule of glycerol?

A Glikogen
Glycogen
B Lipid
Lipid
C Kanji
Starch
D Urea
Urea

6. Yang manakah antara berikut benar tentang lemak tepu?


Which of the following are true about saturated fats?

I Kandungan kolesterol rendah


Low content of cholesterol
II Berbentuk pepejal pada suhu bilik
Solid form at room temperature
III Kandungan atom hidrogen maksimum
Maximum content of hydrogen atoms
I Sekurang-kurangnya satu ikatan ganda-dua di antara atom-atom karbon
V
At least one double bond between the carbon atoms

A I dan IV sahaja B I, II dan III sahaja


I and IV only I, II and III only
C II dan III sahaja D II, III dan IV sahaja
II and III only II, III and IV only

7. Karbohidrat yang manakah tidak larut dalam air?


Which of these carbohydrates is insoluble in water?

A Kanji B Maltosa
Starch Maltose
C Glucosa D Galactosa
Glukose Galaktose

8. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu peringkat meoisis dalam satu sel sejenis haiwan.
Diagram below shows a stage of meiosis in a cell of an animal.
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

Apakah nombor diploid bagi kromosom di dalam setiap sel somatik haiwan itu?
What is the diploid number of chromosomes in each somatic cell of the animal?

A 2 B 4
C 4 D 16

9. Rajah menunjukkan proses yang berlaku di dalam Profasa I. Antara berikut, yang
manakah berlaku semasa proses ini?
Diagram shows a process occur in Prophase I. Which of the following occurs during
the process?

A Sitokinesis B Kiasmata
Cytokinesis Chiasmata
C Pindah silang D Pindah genetik
Crossing over Crossing genetic

10 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pelbagai peringkat mitosis.


.
Diagram below shows the various stages of mitosis.

P Q

R S

Yang manakah antara berikut menunjukkan susunan peringkat yang betul?


Which of the following shows the correct sequence of the stages?

A R→Q→S→P
B P→S→Q→R
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

C Q→S→R→P
D P→R→Q→S

11 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel diploid. Sel ini menjalani meiosis.
.
Diagram below shows a diploid cell. This cell undergoes meiosis.

Jika satu daripada pasangan kromosom tidak berpisah semasa Meiosis I, berapakah
bilangan kromosom boleh didapati dalam gamet?
If one of the homologous chromosome pairs does not separate during Meiosis I, how
many chromosomes can be found in the gametes?

A 8
B 4
C 5
D 7

12 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu peringkat dalam pembahagian sel.


.
Diagram below shows a stage during cell division

Bahagian tumbuhan yang manakah merupakan tempat berlakunya peringkat.


Which part of a plant does this process take place?

A Anter B Filamen
Anther Filament
C Stigma D Sepal
Stigma Sepal

13 Maklumat berikut adalah mengenai satu peringkat mitosis.


.
The following information is about a stage in mitosis.
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

Kromatid beradik ditarik oleh gentian gelendung membentuk anak kromosom..


Sister chromatids are pulled by spindle fibres to form daughter chromosomes.

Yang manakah antara berikut fasa mitosis itu?


Which of the following is the phase of mitosis?

A Telofasa B Metafasa
Telophase Metaphase
C Profasa D Anafasa
Prophase Anaphase

14 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan beberapa peringkat dalam meiosis.


.
Diagram below shows some of the stages of meiosis.

P Q

R S

Manakah antara berikut adalah peringkat dalam meiosis mengikut urutan yang betul?
Pertama → akhir
Which of the following has the stages of meiosis in the correct sequence?
First → last

A S, R, Q, P B R, S, P, Q
C P, S ,Q, R D Q, R, P, S

15 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel pada satu peringkat mitosis.


.
Diagram below shows a cell at one particular stage of mitosis.
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

Sel yang mana satukah yang terhasil dari pembahagian sel tersebut?
Which cell is produced by the cell division?

A B

C D

16 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan kitar sel.


.
Diagram below shows the cell cycle.

G1 S

Pada peringkat manakah DNA mengalami replikasi?


At which stage DNA undergoes replication?

A G1 B G2
C S D M

17 Bilangan kromosom satu organisma adalah 12.


. Apakah bilangan kromosom untuk sel-sel gamet, sel-sel soma dan sel-sel embrio
organisma berkenaan?
The chromosomal number of an organism is 12.
What is the chromosomal number of gamete cells, somatic cells and embryonic cells
of the organism?
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

Sel-sel gamet Sel-sel soma Sel-sel embrio


Gamete cells Somatic cells Embryonic cells
A 12 12 12
B 6 12 6
C 6 12 12
D 12 6 12

18 Pernyataan manakah benar tentang meiosis?


.
Which statement is true about meiosis?

A Replikasi DNA berlaku dua kali dalam meiosis.


DNA replication occurs twice in meiosis.
B Meiosis tidak terkawal boleh menyebabkan penyakit dinamakan kanser.
Uncontrolled meiosis can cause a disease named cancer.
C Perlakuan kromosom dalam meiosis I sama seperti dalam mitosis.
The chromosomal behaviour in meiosis I is the same as in mitosis.
D Sinapsis dan pindah silang hanya berlaku dalam profasa I.
Synapsis and crossing over take place only in prophase I.

19 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu fasa semasa meiosis.


.
Diagram below shows a phase during meiosis.

Apakah kepentingan fasa tersebut?


What is the significance of the phase shown?

A Menghasilkan sel anak yang mempunyai bilangan kromosom yang sama dengan
sel induk.
Produce daughter cell with equal number of chromosome as the parent cell.
B Menyebabkan pindah silang berlaku antara kromosom homolog.
Cause crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes.
C Bilangan kromosom dalam sel anak menjadi separuh.
Halved the number of chromosome in each daughter cell.
D Menghasilkan variasi pada gamet.
Produce variation in gamete.

20 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan fasa-fasa satu kitar sel.


.
Diagram below shows the phases in a cell cycle.
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

Fasa X
Phase X

U Q
R
Fasa Y
Phase Y

Apakah fasa yang diwakili oleh V?


What phase is represented by V?

A Mitosis
Mitosis
B Sitokinesis
Cytokinesis
C Peringkat S
Stage S
D Peringkat G1
Stage G1

21. Jadual di bawah di bawah memperihalkan peringkat P, Q, R dan S dalam mitosis.


Table below illustrates stage P, Q, R and S in mitosis.

Peringkat
Stage
P Q R S
Struktur
Structure
Membran nukleus Tiada Tiada Tiada Hadir
Nuclear Nil Nil Nil Present
membrane
Kromosom Unpaired At the equator Move to At the cell
Chromosome Tidak of cell opposite pole pole
berpasanga Tersusun pada Bergerak ke Terdapat di
n satah kutub kutub sel
bertentangan
Gentian gelendong Hadir Hadir Hadir Tidak hadir
Spindle fibre Present Present Present Disappaer

Manakah yang berikut memperihalkan tentang Telofasa?


Which of the following illustrates about Telophase?
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

A P
B Q
C R
D S

22 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel yang mengalami satu kali pembahagian mitosis.
.
Diagram below shows a cell which experiences mitosis once.

2n

2n

2n

Berapakah banyak sel baru yang terhasil selepas sel tersebut mengalami mitosis
sebanyak 4 kali?
How many new cells are produced after the cell experiences mitosis four times?

A 4 B 6
C 8 D 16

23 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu peringkat di dalam pembahagian sel meristem


. apeks pada tumbuhan.
Diagram below shows a stage in the cell division of apical meristem cells in a plant.

Antara berikut, yang manakah benar tentang sel itu pada akhir pembahagian sel?
Which of the following is true about the cell at the end of cell division?

A Pada akhir telofasa, empat sel gamet terhasil, dengan setiap satunya mempunyai
lapan struktur Q.
At the end of telophase, four gametes are produced with each having eight
structures Q.
B Pada akhir telofasa, empat sel gamet terhasil, dengan setiap satunya mempunyai
dua struktur Q.
At the end of telophase, four gametes are produced with each having two
structures Q.
C Pada akhir telofasa, dua sel somatik terhasil, dengan setiap satunya mempunyai
lapan struktur Q.
At the end of telophase, two somatic cells are produced with each having
eightstructures Q.
D Pada akhir telofasa, dua sel somatik terhasil, dengan setiap satunya mempunyai
empat struktur Q.
At the end of telophase, two somatic cells are produced with each having four of
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

structure Q.

24 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel yang sedang mengalami peringkat Q mitosis.
.
Diagram below shows a cell undergoing stage Q of mitosis.

Apakah peringkat Q?
What is stage Q?

A Anafasa
Anaphase
B Metafasa
Metaphase
C Profasa
Prophase
D Telofasa
Telophase

25 Diagram below shows a cell cycle.


.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu kitar sel.

A B

C D

Yang manakah antara fasa-fasa berlabel A, B, C dan D berlakunya replikasi DNA?


Which of the phases labelled A, B, C and D does the replication of DNA occur?
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

26 Rajah menunjukkan pelbagai peringkat mitosis.


.
Diagram shows the various stages of mitosis.

P Q

R S

Yang manakah menunjuk susunan peringkat yang betul?


Which of the following shows the correct sequence of the stages?

A R→Q→S→P
B P→R→Q→S
C Q→S→R→P
D P→S→Q→R

27 Maklumat di bawah adalah keadaan yang berlaku dalam sesuatu fasa kitaran sel.
.
The given information is about the events in a phase of cell cycle.

● Sintesis protein dijalankan.


Proteins are being synthesized.
● Organel baru dihasilkan.
New organelles are being synthesized.
● Kromosom dikenali sebagai kromatin.
The chromosomes are known as chromatin.

Apakah fasa tersebut?


What is the phase?

A Fasa G1
G1 phase
B Fasa S
S phase
C Fasa G2
G2 phase
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

D Fasa M
M phase

28 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu mekanisme tindak balas enzim.


.
Diagram below shows a mechanism of enzyme reaction.

Substrate
Substrat

+ +

Enzim Komplek enzim Hasil


Enzyme substrat Product
Enzyme-subtrate
complex

Pernyataan yang manakah boleh disimpulkan dari rajah itu?


Which statement can be deduced from the diagram?

A Tindakan enzim adalah spesifik.


Enzyme action is specific.
B Enzim dinyahasil pada suhu 50°C.
Enzyme is denatured at 50°C.
C Enzim dimusnahkan pada akhir tindak balas.
Enzyme is destroyed at the end of the reaction.
D Tindak balas enzim boleh direncat oleh logam berat.
Enzyme reaction can be inhibited by heavy metals.

29
. Kadar tindak balas enzim
Rate of enzyme

0 ºC 37 ºC 60 ºC
Suhu
Temperature

Yang manakah pernyataan di bawah betul?


Which of the following statement is correct?
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

A Apabila suhu rendah, kadar tindak balas enzim tinggi.


When the temperature is low, the rate enzyme reaction is high.
B Apabila suhu tinggi, kadar tindak balas enzim tidak bertambah.
When the temperature is high, the rate of reaction is not accelerated.
C Apabila suhu optimum, kadar tindak balas enzim maksimum.
When the temperature is optimum, the rate of enzyme reaction is maximum.
D Apabila suhu meningkat sehingga optimum, kadar tindak balas enzim akan
bertambah.
When the temperature is beyond the optimum, the rate of enzyme reaction is
increase.

30 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan tindakan suatu enzim.


.
Diagram below shows the action of an enzyme.

Substrat Enzim
Substrate Enzyme

Enzim Hasil
Enzyme Products

Apakah yang ditunjukkan melalui rajah ini?


What is shown by the diagram?

A Enzim ialah satu protein.


Enzyme is a protein.
B Enzim dan substrat adalah spesifik.
Enzyme and substrate are specific.
C Enzim ternyahasli oleh suhu.
Enzyme is denatured by temperature.
D Enzim mempercepatkan tindak balas biokimia.
Enzyme speeds up the biochemical reaction.

31 Karbohidrat jenis manakah yang didapati dengan jumlah yang banyak dalam sel hati?
.
Which type of carbohydrate can be found abundantly in liver cells?

A Kanji B Maltosa
Starch Maltose
C Glukosa D Glikogen
Glucose Glycogen
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

32 Maklumat berikut merujuk kepada penggunaan sejenis enzim dalam kehidupan


. seharian.
The information below shows the use of an enzyme in our daily lives.

● Melembutkan daging
Tenderized meat
● Menanggalkan kulit ikan
Remove the skin of fish
● Melarutkan kotoran pada pakaian
Dissolved stains in clothes

Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, manakah menunjukkan enzim tersebut?


Based on the information above, which of the following is the enzyme?

A Lipase
Lipase
B Protease
Protease
C Amilase
Amylase
D Selulase
Cellulase

33 Antara yang berikut, yang manakah merupakan proses di mana kromosom


. mengganda dan membentuk dua kromatid kembar?
Which of the following is the process where the chromosome duplicates and forms
two sister chromatids?

A Meiosis
Meiosis
B Mitosis
Mitosis
C Sinapsis
Synapsis
D Replikasi
Replication

34 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu fasa pembahagian mitosis.


.
Figure below shows a phase of mitotic division.
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

Apakah peringkat seterusnya selepas fasa ini?


What is the next stage after this phase?

A Telofasa
Telophase
B Anafasa
Anaphase
C Metafasa
Metaphase
D Profasa
Prophase

35 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel haiwan sedang mengalami meiosis I.


.
Diagram below shows an animal cell undergoing meiosis I.

Berapakah bilangan kromosom dalam gamet haiwan ini?


How many chromosomes are there in the gamete of this animal?

A 2
B 4
C 6
D 8

36 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan metafasa meiosis I di dalam sel haiwan.


.
Diagram below shows metaphase in meiosis I in an animal cell.
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

Di antara rajah berikut, yang manakah mewakili gamet yang boleh dihasilkan
daripada sel haiwan ini?
Which of the following diagrams represent gametes that can be produced from this
animal cell?

P Q R

S T

A P dan S
P and S
B Q, R dan T
Q, R and T
C Q, R, S dan T
Q, R, S and T
D P, Q, R, S dan T
P, Q, R, S and T

37 Meiosis berlaku dalam…


.
Meiosis occurs in ...

I Petal
Petal
II Sepal
Sepal
III Ovari
Ovaries
I Testis
V Testes
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

A I dan II
I and II
B III dan IV
III and IV
C I, II dan III
I, II and III
D II, III dan IV
II, III and IV

38 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua peringkat meiosis.


.
Diagram below shows two stages in meiosis.

Apakah perlakuan kromosom di peringkat P?


What is the chromosomal behaviour at stage P?

A Kromosom menebal dan memendek.


Chromosomes thicken and condense.
B Kromosom tersusun pada satah khatulistiwa.
Chromosomes arrange themselves around equatorial plane.
C Kromosom homolog berpasangan dan pindah silang berlaku.
Homologous chromosomes pair together and crossing-over occurs.
D Kromosom homolog berpisah dan bergerak ke kutub bertentangan.
Homologous chromosomes separate and move to the opposite poles.

39 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan peringkat dalam satu fasa meiosis.


.
Diagram below shows a stage in one of the phases in meiosis.

Apakah kepentingan proses R?


What is the importance of process R?

A Menggantikan sel-sel mati.


Replace dead cells.
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

B Variasi dalam kalangan spesies.


Variation among the species.
C Mengekalkan bilangan diploid kromosom di dalam zigot.
Maintains diploid chromosome number in a zygote.
D Menyebabkan persamaan genetik dari sel induk ke generasi berikutnya.
Causes genetically identical from the parent cell to next generation.

40 Bivalen ialah nama untuk…


.
A bivalent is the name for…

A sinapsis sepasang kromosom homolog


synapsis of a pair of homologous chromosomes
B sepasang kromatid kembar
a pair of sister chromatids
C sepasang kromosom bukan homolog
a pair of non-homologous chromosomes
D satu kromosom homolog
one homologous chromosome

41 Antara sel-sel berikut, yang manakah tidak mengandungi bahan genetik?


.
Which of the following cells does not contain genetic materials?

A Lipid B Protein
Lipid Protein
C Mineral D Karbohidrat
Mineral Carbohydrate

42 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sel pada satu peringkat mitosis.


.
Diagram below shows a cell at one particular stage of mitosis.

Sel manakah yang dihasilkan daripada pembahagian itu?


Which cell is produced by the cell division?

A
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

1 Diagram 1.1 shows the action of enzyme maltase on substrate P.


Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan tindakan enzim maltase ke atas substrat P.

Diagram 1.1 / Rajah 1.1

a(i) Name molecules P and Q.


Namakan molekul P dan Q.

P : ..............................................................................................................................

Q : …..................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

b (i) The action of enzyme maltase on substrate P is specific.


Explain this statement.
Tindakan enzim maltase ke atas substrat P adalah spesifik.
Terangkan pernyataan ini.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 marks]

(ii) Based on Diagram 1.1, state two other characteristics of enzyme maltase.
Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1, nyatakan dua ciri enzim maltase yang lain.

1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………

2. ……………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

2 Diagram 3.1 shows the formation of triglyceride.


Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan pembentukan trigliserida

Diagram 3.1 /Rajah 3.1

a Name P and Q,
(i) Namakan P dan Q.

P : ..............................................................................................................................

Q : …..................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(ii) In Table 1, state the number of molecules for P and Q.


Dalam Jadual 1, nyatakan bilangan molekul bagi P dan Q.

Type of molecule Number of molekul


Jenis molekul Bilangan molekul

P
NAMA : _________________________________ TINGKATAN 4: ______________

Table 1 / Jadual 1
[2 marks]

b Name process X.
(i) Namakan process X.

.……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

You might also like