Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Airborne Diseases
Airborne Diseases
Airborne Diseases
Prepared by:
Aya Mohamed Refaat
Ehsan Reda
Eman Abdallah
Yasmin Ismael
Under supervision:
Prof. Dr/ Samia Mahmoud
Dr/Hanan Gad.
Community Health Nursing Mansoura University
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Outlines
Introduction
Types of airborne diseases
Common Symptoms in airborne diseases
Covid-19
Common cold
Influenza
Chicken pox
Mumps
Measles
Whooping cough
Tuberculosis (TB)
Diphtheria
Preventing airbornee infection
References
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Introduction
Hospital-acquired infection (HAI) is an important public health
issue with unacceptable levels of morbidity and mortality, over the
last 5 years.
Disease can be transmitted by air (over large distances), by
direct/indirect contact or a combination of both routes. While contact
transmission of disease forms the majority of HAI cases, transmission
through the air is harder to control, but one where the engineering
sciences can play an important role in limiting the spread. This forms
the focus of this themed volume
You can catch some diseases simply by breathing. These are called
airborne diseases.
Common cold
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Slight body aches or a mild headache
Sneezing
Low-grade fever
Generally feeling unwell
The discharge from your nose may start out clear and become thicker
and yellow or green as a common cold runs its course. This doesn't
usually mean you have a bacterial infection.
Influenza
There are many strains of the flu, and they are constantly changing.
That makes it difficult for your body to develop immunities.
Chickenpox
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Most people get chickenpox only once, and then the virus goes
dormant. Should the virus reactivate later in life, you get a painful
skin condition called shingles.
If you haven’t had chickenpox, you can contract it from someone with
shingles.
Mumps
Measles
The virus that causes measles can remain active in the air or on
surfaces for up to 2 hours. You’re able to transmit it to others up to 4
days before and 4 days after the measles rash appears.
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Most people get the measles only once. Measles is a leading cause of
death among children worldwide and was responsible for 140,000
deaths in 2018. It’s estimated that the measles vaccine prevented
around 23 million deaths from 2000 to 2018.
After cough fits , someone with pertussis often needs to take deep
breaths , Which result in a “Whooping “sound . pertussis can affect
people of all ages , but can be very serious , even deadly , foe babies
less than a year old.
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People with pertussis usually spread the disease to another person by
coughing or sneezing or when spending a lot of time near one another
where you share breathing space.
Tuberculosis (TB)
When the disease is active, bacteria rapidly multiply and attack the
lungs. It can spread through your bloodstream and lymph nodes to
other organs, bones, or skin.
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Diphtheria
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Within a few days, fluid-filled blisters form. The blisters burst and
scab over in about a week.
Whooping cough gets its name from its main symptom, a severe
hacking cough, which is usually followed by a forceful intake of air.
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Control Methods :
Elimination : Remove the hazard
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Get vaccinated with an FDA-approved CVOID-19 vaccine.
Routine Use of EPA-Registered Disinfectants To be effective
you need disinfection procedures for facilities, shared equipment
and spaces, work area, and personal electronics
Barriers, partitions, ropes to separate employees from public
or building occupants, e.g. plexiglass screens, sneeze guards,
theater ropes and stanchions, hazard warning tape, etc.
Use of biosafety cabinets when performing research.
Drive-thru style partitions and windows
Hands-free trash receptacles, soap and towel dispensers, door
openers, and other similar hands-free equipment.
Handles, push-buttons, and other high touch points made of
copper or coated with copper tape.
Create isolated spaces/workstations for employees or students
with immune deficiency.
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Cough and Sneeze Etiquette Procedure – Using your sleeve is a
good way to cover your sneeze or cough with smaller risks of
contamination
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Employee Health Protection Procedure
Restart Checklists. To enable consistency in our restart efforts.
Modified interactions or screening procedures with customers,
public, students, or employees with
the intent to minimize exposure to anyone of those groups.
Shift Change Procedures:
Have people coming in half time or stagger the work
hours.
Look at existing high-density areas and ask half of staff to
work on site certain days with virtual
meetings.
Stagger workdays and hours so only 1 out of 2
workspaces is occupied on any day or portion of
day.
Stagger start times to avoid bottlenecks at the entrance.
Personal Protective Equipment: Protect the worker with
PPE
Airborne diseases related PPE requirement currently exist for
Patient Care , Person Under Investigation Transport, Isolation
Room Entry, and Research.
Respiratory Protection Program
Requirements apply to all employees who
wish to don a respirator.
N95 respirators and KN95 respirators are
critical supplies that must be reserved for healthcare workers,
first responders and those performing high-risk tasks in direct
support of the continuity of healthcare, public safety or essential
research.
o Always follow PPE Donning and Doffing order of
operations.
o Always follow facial hair guidance to ensure proper seal of
mask.
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Consult and don manufacturer’s PPE requirements for
disinfectant products prior to use.
Community Protective Equipment (Face Coverings and
Masks)
Face Coverings and Masks are to be worn as a community effort
to prevent asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19 from spreading
the virus.
Face coverings and masks should:
Fit snugly but comfortably against
the side of the face
Be secured with ties or ear loops
Include multiple layers of fabric
Allow for breathing without
restriction
Be able to be laundered and machine dried without
damage or change to shape
Wearing such face coverings shall not be used in lieu of other
control methods and users must be vigilant about:
Clean hands with soap and water or an alcohol-based
hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol prior to putting
on, touching mask while wearing it, and removing a cloth
face covering.
Wearing N95 Respirators or other face masks with exhalation
valves is not permitted as a face covering. Such respirators and
masks are not effective in reducing the spread of COVID-19.
Discard or wash cloth face coverings after each use.
Do not wear a cloth face covering when it is damp or when wet
from spit or mucus.
When removing the cloth face covering, remove it from behind,
do not touch the front.
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References :
https://ehs.cornell.edu/campus-health-safety/occupational-
health/covid-19/covid-19-hierarchy-controls
https://journals.lww.com/joem/Fulltext/2020/11000/How_Does_the_
Hierarchy_of_Controls_Integrate_With.23.aspx
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphtheria
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-
cold/symptoms-causes/syc-20351605
https://www.openeducationportal.com/what-are-the-airborne-diseases/
https://www.healthline.com/health/airborne-diseases
https://www.google.com/search?
q=Common+Symptoms+in+airborne+diseases&tbm=isch&ved=2ahU
KEwjbhdSQ64H0AhVEeRoKHTbNAjQQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Common+Symptoms+in+airborne+diseases&gs_
lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoHCCMQ7wMQJzoECAAQQ1DqBlj_I2DJKmg
AcAB4AIABmgGIAZIMkgEEMC4xMpgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aX
otaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=43WFYZuIGMTyabaai6AD&bih=6
64&biw=1519&hl=en#imgrc=OFid5ddDMBJD7M
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