Chapter 3

The Internet,
The Web, and
Electronic
Commerce

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Objectives

• Discuss the origins of the Internet and the Web

• Describe how to access the Web using providers and browsers
• Discuss Internet communications, including e-mail, instant
messaging, social networking.
• Discuss electronic commerce, including B2C, C2C, B2B, and
security issues.
• Compare different web utilities and search tools
• Describe Cloud Computing and (IoT)

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The Internet and the Web ‫اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ واﻟﻮﯾﺐ‬

‫ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﯿﺔ‬ARPANET ‫ ﻣﻊ‬1969 ‫ﺗﻢ إطﻼق اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم‬

• The Internet lunched in 1969 with ARPANET consisting of
actual physical network ‫وھﻲ أﻛﺒﺮ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﯿﺔ ﺗﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎت اﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ أﻧﺤﺎء‬
• It is the largest global network, connecting smaller networks ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬
worldwide
‫ ﻟﺘﻮﻓﯿﺮ واﺟﮭﺔ وﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة‬1991 ‫( ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم‬WWW) (‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ اﻟﻮﯾﺐ )ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﻮﯾﺐ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﯿﺔ‬
• Web (world Wide Web) (WWW) introduced in 1991 to ‫ﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
provide multimedia interface to the internet
• Web 1.0: (linking info e.g. Google Search)(Google ‫)رﺑﻂ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑﺤﺚ‬
• Web 2.0: (Dynamic content and Social Interaction) ‫)اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮى اﻟﺪﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﻜﻲ‬
(‫واﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬
• Web 3.0: (Data relationships) (‫)ﻋﻼﻗﺎت اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﺎت‬
• Web 4.0: (?? Data, devices and life) (‫اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﺎت واﻷﺟﮭﺰة واﻟﺤﯿﺎة‬

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 ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ اﻟﺸﺎﺋﻌﺔ‬
Common Internet Uses

• Communicating ‫اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ‬
• Shopping ‫اﻟﺘﺴﻮق‬
• Searching ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
• Virtual libraries ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺎت اﻻﻓﺘﺮاﺿﯿﺔ‬
• Entertainment ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻓﯿﮫ‬
• Education or e-learning ‫اﻟﺘﻌﻠﯿﻢ أو اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ‬

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Internet Access ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

• To access the internet you need an Internet Service

Provider (ISP) (ISP) ‫ ﺗﺤﺘﺎج إﻟﻰ ﻣﺰود ﺧﺪﻣﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬، ‫ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﻰ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
• Commercial ISP examples: :‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﻤﺰود ﺧﺪﻣﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‬
• Stc
• Mobily
• Zain
• Verizon
• Sprint
• T-Mobile

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Internet Access ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

‫ اﻟﺒﺮاﻣﺞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﻰ ﻣﻮارد اﻟﻮﯾﺐ‬:‫ أﻧﺖ ﺑﺤﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺘﺼﻔﺤﺎت‬، ISP ‫ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
• Beside ISP, you need Browsers: Programs that provide access
to Web resources
• Allow you to browse the web resources ‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻚ ﺑﺘﺼﻔﺢ ﻣﻮارد اﻟﻮﯾﺐ‬
• Popular Web browsers: ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻔﺤﺎت‬
• Mozilla Firefox :‫اﻟﻮﯾﺐ اﻟﺸﺎﺋﻌﺔ‬
• Apple Safari
• Microsoft Internet Explorer/Edge
• Google Chrome

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 Internet Access ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

.‫ﯾﺠﺐ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻋﻨﻮان أو ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﻟﻤﻮرد إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﺮض‬

• Address or location of the resource must be specified to the browser
• Addresses are called Uniform Resource Locators (URL) ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﻌﻨﺎوﯾﻦ ﻣﺤﺪدات ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﻮﯾﺐ‬
(URL)
• All URLs have at least two parts ‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰأﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻗﻞ‬URL ‫ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ﻋﻨﺎوﯾﻦ‬
• Protocol ‫اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻮﻛﻮل‬
• Domain name ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬
• Top-level domains (TLDs) (TLDS) ‫ﻧﻄﺎﻗﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬
provide further information about the website ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﺰﯾﺪً ا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﺣﻮل ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪات اﻟﻮﯾﺐ‬
• Web documents involve various technologies such as:
HTML, JavaScript, CSS, …etc. HTML :‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ اﻟﻌﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﻨﯿﺎت ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺎري‬
.‫ إﻟﺦ‬... CSS ‫ و‬JavaScript ‫و‬
‫ﺗﻌﻠﯿﻤﻲ‬
‫ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻲ‬
ً‫ﺟﯿﺶ اﻟﻮﻻﯾﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫اﻻﺗﺼﺎل‬
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 ‫ ﻏﯿﺪاء اﻟﻘﺤﻄﺎﻧﻲ‬: ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ‬
Communication ‫ﺗﻮاﺻﻞ‬

• Most popular Internet activity ‫اﺷﮭﺮ ﻧﺸﺎط ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

• Types of communication : ‫اﻧﻮاع اﻻﺗﺼﺎل‬
• Blogs, Microblogs (Twitter, Instagram), Podcasts and Wikis
• Electronic Mail (E-Mail) (Gmail, Outlook)
• Messaging (SMS, MMS, IM)
• Social Networking (Profile, page, Group, Friends, News,
Sharing and settings)
.‫اﻟﻤﺪوﻧﺎت واﻟﻤﺪوﻧﺎت اﻟﺼﻐﯿﺮة )ﺗﻮﯾﺘﺮ وإﻧﺴﺘﻐﺮام( واﻟﺒﻮدﻛﺎﺳﺖ واﻟﻮﯾﻜﻲ‬
(Gmail ، Outlook) (E-Mail) ‫•اﻟﺒﺮﯾﺪ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ‬
(SMS ، MMS ، IM) ‫•اﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬
، ‫ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬، ‫ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬، ‫•اﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎت اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ )اﻟﻤﻠﻒ اﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬
(‫ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ واﻹﻋﺪادات‬، ‫ اﻷﺧﺒﺎر‬، ‫اﻷﺻﺪﻗﺎء‬

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 ‫‪E-Mail‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﯾﺪ اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ‬

‫ﻧﻘﻞ اﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

‫‪• Transmission of electronic‬‬
‫‪messages over the Internet‬‬
‫اﻷﺟﺰاء اﻷﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ ‪• Basic parts‬‬
‫رأس ‪• Header‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮان ‪• Address‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ‪• Subject‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﻓﻖ ‪• Attachment‬‬
‫رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ‪• Message‬‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﺘﻮﻗﯿﻊ ‪• Signature Line‬‬

‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻧﻄﺎق اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻨﻄﺎق‬
‫‪9‬‬
 Electronic Commerce ‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ‬

• Also known as e-commerce ‫ﯾُﻌﺮف أﯾﻀً ﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ‬

• Buying and selling of goods over the Internet ‫ﺷﺮاء وﺑﯿﻊ اﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻋﺒﺮ‬
‫اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
• Payment methods (Credit, Cash, and Digital Cash)
(‫طﺮق اﻟﺪﻓﻊ )اﻻﺋﺘﻤﺎن واﻟﻨﻘﺪ واﻟﻨﻘﺪ اﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬
• e-commerce types:
1. Business-to-consumer (B2C)
2. Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
3. Business-to-business (B2B)
:‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ‬
(B2C) ‫• ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﮭﻠﻚ‬
(C2C) ‫•ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﮭﻠﻚ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﮭﻠﻚ‬
(B2B) ‫•ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ او ﻣﻌﻨﻰ اﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﻰ ﻋﻤﻞ‬

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Business to Business-B2B ‫ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬

• Involves the sale of a product or service from one business to

another (B2B)
• Primarily a manufacturer supplier relationship
(B2B) ‫• ﯾﻨﻄﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﯿﻊ ﻣﻨﺘﺞ أو ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ إﻟﻰ أﺧﺮى‬
‫• ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺎم اﻻول ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﻮرد ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ‬

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Business to Consumer-B2C ‫ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﮭﻠﻚ‬

• Fastest growing type of e-commerce

• Three most widely used B2C applications:
• Online banking
• Financial trading
• Shopping
.‫• أﺳﺮع أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ ﻧﻤﻮً ا‬
:‫ اﻷﻛﺜﺮ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣً ﺎ‬B2C ‫• ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﺎت‬
‫ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺮﻓﯿﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬-١
‫ اﻟﺘﺪاول اﻟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬-٢
‫ اﻟﺘﺴﻮق‬-٣

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 ‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﮭﻠﻚ اﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﮭﻠﻚ‬
Consumer to Consumer-C2C

• Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce (C2C)

• Similar to traditional auctions
• Types
• Auction house sites
• Person-to-person auction sites
(C2C) ‫• اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﮭﻠﻚ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﮭﻠﻚ‬
‫• ﻣﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺰادات اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪﯾﺔ‬
: ‫• اﻧﻮاﻋﮭﺎ‬
‫ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﻤﺰادات اﻟﻌﻠﻨﯿﺔ‬-١
‫ ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﻤﺰادات اﻟﻔﺮدﯾﺔ‬-٢

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Cloud Computing and IoT loT ‫اﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔ اﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﯿﺔ و‬

• Cloud Computing shifts many computer work from

personal computers to internet-provided
computers (Amazon, IBM and Microsoft).
• Internet of Things (IoT) Allowing devices to send
and receive data online (web 3.0 apps like Apple’s
Health. Google Nest)
‫ﺗﻨﻘﻞ اﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔ اﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﯿﺔ اﻟﻌﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ أﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﻜﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﻦ أﺟﮭﺰة اﻟﻜﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ اﻟﺸﺨﺼﯿﺔ إﻟﻰ أﺟﮭﺰة اﻟﻜﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬
.(Microsoft ‫ و‬IBM ‫ و‬Amazon) ‫اﻟﻤﺰودة ﻋﺒﺮ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
3.0 ‫ اﻟﺴﻤﺎح ﻟﻸﺟﮭﺰة ﺑﺈرﺳﺎل واﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﺎت ﻋﺒﺮ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ )ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﺎت اﻟﻮﯾﺐ‬:(loT) ‫•إﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ اﻷﺷﯿﺎء‬
(Apple's Health. Google Nest ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬

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