Republic of the Philippines

ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

City of Ilagan Campus

CHOLERA
PATHOPHYSIOLGY
PREDISPOSING FACTORS:

PRECIPITATING FACTORS:

1
Jomari Jimenez BSN 3-C
 Republic of the Philippines
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
City of Ilagan Campus

DISEASE PROCESS WITH SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Ingestion of food or water that is

contaminated with V. cholerae

V. cholerae travels to the G.I tract

and attach into small intestine

V. cholerae multiply
and produce cholera
toxin

2
Jomari Jimenez BSN 3-C
 Republic of the Philippines
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
City of Ilagan Campus

Nursing Care Plan

Assessment Diagnosis Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation

3
Jomari Jimenez BSN 3-C
 Republic of the Philippines
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
City of Ilagan Campus

Assessment Diagnosis Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation

4
Jomari Jimenez BSN 3-C
 Republic of the Philippines
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
City of Ilagan Campus

Drug Study
Drug Name Action Dosage/Route Indication/Uses Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing Management

Generic: May be Adults: 200 mg PO Infections caused by Contraindicated in patients CNS: intracranial Monitor renal function
Minocycline bacteriostatic by or IV initially; then susceptible gram- hypersensitive to drug or HTN, headache, light and LFT results.
Hydrochloride binding to 100 mg PO or IV negative and gram- other tetracyclines. headedness, dizziness,
microorganism’s every 12 hours. positive organisms vertigo, fatigue, mood Alert: Check expiration
Brand: Dynacin, ribosomal May use 100 or 200 (including Alert: Severe cases of alterations, date. Out dated or
Minocin, subunits, mg PO initially, Haemophilus ducreyi, anaphylaxis, serious skin somnolence, malaise, deteriorated drug may
Minolira, inhibiting then 50 mg q.i.d. Yersinia pestis, and reactions (SJS, erythema drowsiness, fever, cause reversible
Solodyn, protein Campylobacter fetus), multiforme, DRESS paresthesia, nephrotoxicity (Fanconi
Ximino. synthesis. May Children older Rickettsia species, syndrome), and death have hypesthesia, sedation. syndrome).
also alter the than age 8: Mycoplasma been reported.
Theraperutic cytoplasmic Initially,4mg/kg PO pneumoniae, or Alert: Some products may CV: thrombophlebitis, Don't expose drug to
Class: membrane of or IV; then,2 mg/kg Chlamydia trachomatis, contain tartrazine, which can pericarditis. light or heat. Keep cap
Antibiotics susceptible PO or IV every 12 psittacosis. granuloma cause allergy-type re-actions tightly closed. If large
Pharmacologic microorganisms. hours. Maximum inguinale (including bronchial asthma). EENT: tooth disorder, doses are given, therapy
Class: dose is 100 tinnitus. is prolonged, or patient is
Tetracyclines mg/dose or 200 Gonorrhea in patients Although incidence of this at high risk, monitor
mg/dose for the allergic to penicillin sensitivity is low, these GI: anorexia, diarrhea, patient for signs and
loading dose. reactions are frequently seen nausea, dysphagia, symptoms of
Syphilis in patients in patients who are also glossitis, oral superinfection.
allergic to penicillin sensitive to aspirin. candidiasis, vomiting,
dyspepsia, pancreatitis, Drug may cause mild to
Meningococcal carrier Use cautiously in patients dry mouth, stomatitis, severe CDAD, which can
state with impaired renal or hepatic pseudomembranous occur up to 2 months
function. Use of these drugs colitis. after therapy ends. If
during last half of pregnancy diarrhea occurs, evaluate
and in children younger than GU: acute renal failure, patient for CDAD. Drug
age 8 may cause permanent vaginitis. Hematologic: may need to be
discoloration of teeth, enamel neutropenia, discontinued and
defects, and bone growth thrombocytopenia, appropriate therapy
retardation. eosinophilia, hemolytic begun.
anemia.

5
Jomari Jimenez BSN 3-C
 Republic of the Philippines
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
City of Ilagan Campus
Drug may cause
superinfection. If over-
growth of no susceptible
organisms occurs,
discontinue drug and begin
appropriate therapy.
Increases in ICP and
pseudotumor cerebri have
been reported. If visual
disturbances occur, a prompt
ophthalmologic exam is
needed.
Jomari Jimenez BSN 3-C
Check patient's tongue
Hepatic: for signs of candidal
hepatotoxicity. infection. Stress good
oral hygiene.
Musculoskeletal:
arthralgia, myalgia, Drug may discolor teeth
joint swelling. in older children and
young adults, more
Respiratory: commonly when used as
bronchospasm, cough, long-term treatment.
dyspnea, asthma
exacerbation, Watch for brown
pneumonitis. pigmentation, and notify
prescriber if it occurs.
Skin: increased Photosensitivity reactions
pigmentation, may occur within a few
maculopapular and minutes to several hours
erythematous rashes, after exposure.
photosensitivity
reactions, pruritus, Photosensitivity lasts
urticaria, alopecia, after therapy ends.
erythema multiforme, Monitor patient for
SJS. DRESS syndrome.
Discontinue drug
Other: anaphylaxis, immediately if syndrome
enamel defects, occurs.
hypersensitivity
reactions,
superinfection, pain at
injection site, lupus
like syndrome, serum
sickness-like
syndrome.
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 Republic of the Philippines
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
City of Ilagan Campus

Drug Name Action Dosage/Route Indication/Uses Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing Management

Vaccine Cholera Action Oral: Active Hypersensitivity Significant: Shedding Immunocompromise

Description: immunization against and transmutation, patients.
Cholera vaccine Adult: As cholera altered
contains either inactivated/killed immunocompetence. Postpone immunization
live attenuated or vaccine: Primary in patient with acute
inactivated/killed immunization: 2 Gastrointestinal gastrointestinal illness or
strains of Vibrio doses at weekly Disorders: acute febrile illness.
cholerae bacteria. interval: Complete Gastrointestinal Children. Pregnancy and
Live attenuated course at least 14 discomfort, diarrhea, lactation.
cholera vaccine days prior to abdominal pain,
replicates in the exposure. nausea, vomiting,
gastrointestinal Booster dose: As abdominal cramps,
tract causing single dose at least acute gastroenteritis.
immune response 10 days prior to
from the recipient potential exposure. Gastrointestinal
thus increasing disorders and
serum viricidal Child: As administration site
antibody within indicated vaccine: conditions: fatigue,
10 days of Primary fever, weakness.
vaccination, immunization: 2-6 Nervous system
however, the years 3 doses at disorders: Headache,
exact immune weekly interval. dizziness.
mechanism is still Complete course at Respiratory, thoracic
unknown. least 14 days prior and mediastinal
Inactivated strains to exposure. disorders: cough,
contain Cholerae Booster dose: As rhinitis, skin, and
O1 and single dose within subcutaneous tissue
recombinant non- 6 months if still at disorders: cough,
toxic B-subunit risk. >6years Same rhinitis.
cholera toxin as adult dose.
(CTB). It induces Skin and subcutaneous

7
Jomari Jimenez BSN 3-C
 Republic of the Philippines
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
City of Ilagan Campus

antibodies against tissue disorders:

both the bacterial itching, rash
component and
CTB by Potential fatal:
preventing the hypersensitivity
bacteria from
attaching to the
intestinal wall
thereby impeding
colonization of
Cholerae 01 and
inhibiting the
cholera toxin
from binding to
the intestinal
mucosal surface
hence, preventing
toxin-mediated
diarrheal
symptoms.

Onset: Within 10
days.

Pharmacokinetics
:

Excretion: Via
faces.

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Jomari Jimenez BSN 3-C