RECYCLED SOLAR POWERED VACUUM

Researchers:

BATOY, SHILOH GRACE A.

CATUBIG, ADELINA D.

DEL CASTILLO, SEAN VINCENT M.

MUTUC, ALYSSA JEAN S.

SOJOR, BRYNAH NIKOLE B.

TAN, NADINE T.

In partial fulfilment of the requirement in SCITECS

Presented to

Ms. Queendel Vanee G. Garcia

SCITECS Teacher
 Table of Contents

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study 3

1.2 Statement of the Problem 3

1.3 Objectives 4

1.4 Significance of the Study 4

1.5 Scope and Limitation 5

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES 6-10

CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY

A. Research Design 11

B. Methods and Procedures 11

C. Disposal Treatment 12

WORKING MODEL 13-16

Reference List 17-18

 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Air pollution is one of the greatest risk factors of pollution throughout the world.
Wherein, through air it can easily transmit viruses, dirt and any contaminants that can
affect any human’s respiratory system. According to Dennis Mann (2012), a research
suggests that some vacuum cleaners are actually may make things worse, not better.
There are some cleaners spit fine dust and bacteria back into the air, where they can
spread infections and trigger allergies. That is why in today’s technology HEPA filters are
much recommended.

That is why the researchers would like to propose a vacuum that will help to lessen
the air pollutants even just inside the house. Using vacuum as a cleaning agent can
reduce the air pollutants that are susceptible to any person living inside their own
residence. Thus, the importance of the study is to create a vacuum cleaner with HEPA
filter that can minimize the air pollution even just in home and to propose a feasible
recycled solar powered vacuum working model.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The increase in plastic pollution and decline in the air quality has negative effects
to the environment as well the community. This issue has led to the creation and
innovation of projects that are made out of cost-efficient materials. The main purpose of
the study is to propose a Recycled Solar powered vacuum.

Specifically, the researchers will answer the following questions:

1.) How many blades of the exhaust fan will be more effective to use?
 a.) 3 blades

b.) 5 blades

c.) 7 blades

2.) How much time span will it fully accumulate the dust inside the air bag?

a.) 2 minutes

b.) 5 minutes

c.) 10 minutes

1.3 Objectives

The objectives of the study are to propose an answer to the following questions
mentioned in the preceding paragraph to conceptualize and innovate an effective vacuum
cleaner that is cost-efficient and environmental friendly which can minimize the air
pollution even just in homes.

1.4 Significance of the Study

The study that will be conducted by the researchers regarding the vacuum cleaner
made out of recycled plastic bottles and materials and will be powered by solar energy
will be beneficial to the following:

The study will benefit the society in the following points: First, the recycled solar-
powered vacuum cleaner will help reduce the pollution of dust. It will help in maintaining
a cleaner air and surroundings resulting to a high air quality. Second, being powered by
solar energy, it is cost efficient and high return of investment can be expected as there
will be no electricity bills would follow after assembly and installation. Third, being made
out of recyclable materials, there will be less pollution of plastics, in simple terms -
environmental friendly.
 The study will benefit the researchers in terms of familiarizing the way of creating
or innovating a cost-efficient and environmental-friendly vacuum cleaner. This study
would help the researchers in knowing if the proposed project would be feasible enough
to aid in maintaining a cleaner surroundings and higher quality of air without spending
much, conserving energy, and using materials that could harm the environment.

The study would also benefit the future researchers because this can serve as a
useful reference for their future related research on improvised vacuum cleaner. This
study can help them predict the outcome of their research based on the information that
will be provided in this paper.

1.5 Scope and Limitations

This study focuses on the feasibility of the working model of the Recycled Solar
Powered vacuum. Wherein the researchers will only focus in conceptualizing the blueprint
of the working model. The data collection will be purely of online research, since there is
a restriction to meet up with fellow researchers and in order follow the protocols
implemented by the law. And in line with the restrictions mentioned, the possible
constraints of the study is when there are power or internet interruptions that will affect
the interaction and which are beyond the control of the researchers.
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

History of Vacuum

According to Wiszniewski (2020), ever since the first commercial vacuum was
introduced, there has been a great deal of innovation involved with figuring out ways to
keep our carpets and furniture clean. In the very early days of vacuum cleaners, there
was little regard for how the device picked up and held onto debris from carpets. But an
inventor with allergies started a process of evolution in the vacuum cleaner world that still
goes on to this day. The vacuum cleaner goes back further than you would expect, and
its history is more interesting than you would expect. He further mentioned that the first
real record that can be found of an operational vacuum cleaner appears in 1860 when
inventor Daniel Hess of West Union, Iowa, introduced a device that stirred up rug debris
with spinning brushes and then used bellows to push the debris into a collection container.

In 1868, Ives McGaffey of Chicago introduced a device that he called the

Whirlwind. It was the same basic idea as a Hess’ machine, but the Whirlwind used a belt
system that made operation easier. Hess’s machine was only operable by hand, which
made it inconvenient and difficult to use. The Whirlwind was only slightly easier to operate,
and it saw moderate commercial success.

The Whirlwind often required two people to operate it because of its bulky
construction, so inventor Melville Bissell created a model that could be operated by one
person in 1876. Although the operation was still mechanical and not automatic, it was
quite a workout to vacuum a rug. John Thurman of St. Louis, Missouri, invented the gas-
powered machine in 1898 that blew debris around in a cyclone and then into a container.
He had his device patented, but the patent was later challenged and a judge determined
that Thurman’s device was not a vacuum cleaner.
 In 1901, the first motorized vacuum cleaner was introduced in England by Herbert
Booth. The device was also gas-powered and required a horse and buggy to be moved.
Booth’s device was one of the first to use the idea of developing suction by creating a
vacuum with the floor. The opening of the device creates a seal with the floor, and then
the vacuum that is created pulls up the debris. It is the concept that all modern vacuums
would use, but at much smaller sizes.

The earliest vacuum cleaners were bulky devices that had to either be installed in
commercial buildings or taken from one building to the next in large carts. Starting in 1905,
the developments in more portable vacuums for the home came fast and furious. Walter
Griffiths introduced the first truly portable vacuum cleaner in 1905, but it still required the
operator to foot-pump a bellows to work. In 1906, James Kirby debuted his portable
vacuum system that utilized a water filter to prevent the debris from escaping from the
collection canister. In 1907, janitor James Spangler finally developed a portable electric
vacuum that would kick up the dirt, pull the dirt from the rug, and then bring the dirt into
the canister without the operator having to do anything extra. In 1908, Spangler sold his
patent to William Henry Hoover, and Hoover used the invention to amass a fortune.

Kirby’s water filter idea has been refined over and over, and Kirby himself held
more than 60 patents on his vacuum idea. In 2004, the Airider was introduced in England.
This is a vacuum that floats over the floor and does not make contact with the floor while
it is cleaning. Other innovations in vacuums include increased filtration to prevent
allergens from escaping and a vacuum that utilizes airflow instead of creating a vacuum
to pick up debris.

Importance of Vacuum for efficiency and health

Ghaffar, Arshad, Kale, et al. (2018) stated that cleaning machines are useful in
cleaning floors and other surfaces of houses, hospitals, public places and other areas. In
the modern world, interior and exterior cleaning is now playing an important role in our
lives. Cleaning of waste is also crucial to our health and development of simple and
accessible cleaning machines have become available for us.

According to Consumer Reports (2010), Americans spend approximately 500

million USD annually on whole houses and portable air cleaners. Vacuum cleaners are
machines that are used to remove dust and dirt that are present from the floors of houses,
buildings etc. There are several methods for the dirt particles to be collected; it can be
either through conventional dust bags or methods such as canister, cyclonic, or wet
collection systems.

In the late 2020, the coronavirus disease (COVID 19) started. According to the
World health organization (n.d.), it is an infectious disease that is the main mode of
transmission through droplets of an infected person when they sneeze, cough, talk or etc.
the droplets do not circulate in the air therefore falling to the ground or surface. Nilfisk
(n.d.) emphasized that the vacuum is the first step in floor cleaning. Covid 19 gave rise to
the importance of cleanliness and hygiene practices as every surface including the floors
we touch may be contaminated.

Importance of recycled vacuum in the environment

According to condorferries (2020), 500 billion plastic bottles are used every year –
Meaning there are 66 times as many bottles as there are humans on the planet. Plastic
bottles, despite their convenience in usage are non-biodegradable and they remain for
ages in the environment. It produces wastes that continue to grow and increase creating
unnecessary waste in landfills. However, this waste called Polyethylene Terephthalate
(PET) bottles have sustainable characteristics and can be used for other conventional
material (Fadlala, 2010).
Solar powered Vacuum

Hayes (2012) mentioned in his study that the utilization of new and alternative
energy sources, specifically solar energy, has been on the rise and will continue to grow
as we attempt to diminish our use and dependency on older, non-renewable energy
sources. One of the biggest challenges involved with the use of solar energy, or
renewable energy in general, is how to provide this energy for general public use. Some
of the limiting factors to this are the efficiency in which solar power can be harvested and
converted into usable energy, and the cost of the technology to do this.

Kay (2014) mentioned in her study that there are numerous ways to conserve
energy. The process of conserving energy is not only how but also on what to use for it.
Solar energy is one alternative energy source, which can be converted to electricity by
the use of solar panels. Most solar panels use silicon to produce the panels. The cells
that are contained in these solar panels are normally silicon. These individual cells are
shrinking all the time and becoming cheaper to produce. Solar panels provide users with
a source for their work. Applications of solar panels are presently economical where there
is plenty of sunshine. Further solar panels help to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and other
depleting resources used to generate electricity. Solar panels are a source of clean,
cheap, and renewable energy for our homes. Using solar panels can influence the
capacity of our home supplies. This method allows us to generate additional electricity,
which fed into our current power systems, will have the effect of reducing consumption
from the national grid, saving you money in the process, thus, can be used in the
innovation of the vacuum cleaners we use at home.

HEPA Filters

Households that utilize vacuum for cleaning can either decrease or increase the
dust particles inside their home. Gore et al. (2003), formerly, vacuum cleaners could be
shown to leak allergen from poorly sealed dust bag compartments, from leaky pipe joins,
and from the exhaust. However, recent improvements in design incorporating integral
high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, double-thickness dust bags or bag-less
systems, and better compartment seals have led to an apparent improvement in the
leakage of allergen.
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

A. Research Design

The researchers will use a Completely Randomized Design to investigate the

feasibility of the vacuum. There will be 3 trials: Set-up A: Living Room; Set-up B: Kitchen;
Set-up C: Bedroom that equals 27 samples, (3x3x3=27 samples).The Independent
Variable is the vacuum; the Dependent Variable is the time of the dust that will fully
accumulate the air bag and the absorption of the vacuum.

B. Methods and Procedures

a.) Gathering of materials

The materials will be mostly gathered from recyclable materials for the vacuum just
like plastic bottles, pipe, washing machine tube, 12 V rotor, wires, switch, and screws.
But the 12V battery, solar cell and solar inverter will be bought in the electronics store in
order to be safe.

b.) Constructing the body of the vacuum

The rotor will be fit inside the pipe’s hole. Then the body of the pipe will be designed
as a vacuum. A 12V battery will be attached in the pipe, but not connected to the wire to
the rotor for safety precautions. Addition to that, the container of the stick-o was used.
Foam tape will be used to attach the materials. Solar cell will be attached outside the
body of the pipe. The solar inverter will be attached inside but the switch will be attached
outside. For a clear illustration of the Improvised Vacuum Cleaner. a separate file of the
researchers’ working model will be given attached to this paper.
 c.) Constructing the filter

The HEPA filter will be used as a filter in this vacuum. The washing machine tube
will be used as a portable medium to accumulate the dust into the air bag and to lock up
the dust particles that will be absorbed by the vacuum. And also to guarantee that only
the dust will be absorbed only and no particles will be mixed inside the air bag.

C. Disposal Treatment

An etiquette of handling hazardous materials will be imposed in the study. After

the researchers will make the imposed vacuum cleaner, the excess materials will be left
will be disposed properly. Also, the excess plastic bottles will be throw in the non-
biodegradable trash bins. Materials that can still be use were kept and left for further
usage.
 Weight: Approximately 1 pound
Dimensions:
Length: 3 in
Width: 2 in

12V Rotor
Weight: Approximately 6 pounds
Dimensions:
Length: 7 in
Width: 4 in

12 V battery
Weight: Approximately 3 pounds
Dimensions:
Length: 6 in
Width: 4 in

Solar Cell
Weight: Approximately 18 pounds
Dimensions:
Length: 7.5 in
Width: 2 in

Solar Inverter
 Weight: Less than 1 pound
Dimensions:
Length: 3 cm
Width: 2 cm

Switch
Weight: Less than 1 pound
Dimensions: Circumference: 3 cm, Length: 10 inches

Hose
Weight: less than a pound

Plastic container
Weight: 3 pounds

PVC Pipe
Overall Approximate Weight of Vacuum’s equipment 30 pounds
Dimensions:
Length: 12 in
Width: 5 in

Dimensions:
Length: 10 in
Width: 5 in

Circumference
of the nozzle
opening: 2 in
 Reference List

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March 14, 2021 from https://www.condorferries.co.uk

/plastic-in-the-ocean-statistics

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appliances/heating-cooling-and-air/air-purifiers/airpurifier-buying-advice/airpur

fier-getting-started/air-purifier-getting-started.htm.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). (n.d.). Retrieved March 14, 2021, from

https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019

Fadlalla, N. (2010, October). Management of pet plastic bottles waste through ... -

iaea. Retrieved March 14, 2021, from

https://inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/44/007/44007611.pdf

Ghaffar, M. K., Arshad, M. A., Kale, N. S., Bilal, A. M., & Ugle, D. M. (2018). Journal

of Advance Engineering and Research Development, International 3 (05).

doi:10.21090/ijaerd.030517. Retrieved from

http://www.ijaerd.com/papers/finished_papers/ijaerdv03i0528370.pdf.

Hayes, J. (2012). A study on the effects of solar power. ScholarWorks University of

University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/cgi/

viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context=elight

Kay, A. (2014). Synopsis report for solar vacuum cleaner. Scribd. Retrieve from
 https://www.scribd.com/doc/219338357/Synopsyreport-for-Solar-Vacuum-Cle

aner

Mann, D. (2012, January 6). Are Vacuum Cleaners Bad for Your Health? WebMD.
https://www.webmd.com/allergies/news/20120106/are-vacuum-cleaners-bad-for-
health

Singh, Y., Papal, S., Dhumal, P., Kunjeer, B., & Jangale, P. (2018). Literature

Review on Use of Plastic Bottles for Construction of Water Tank as a

Sustainable Material. doi:10.18411/a-2017-023 Retrieved from

Http://ljournal.ru/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/a-2017-023.pdf.

Vacuum & Filtration: Nilfisk official website. (n.d.). Retrieved March 14, 2021, from

https://www.nilfisk.com/global/articles/role-of-vacuuming-in-infection-control/

Wiszniewski, G. (2020). History and invention of the vacuum cleaner. Busy bee

cleaning and janitorial services. Retrieved from

https://www.bbcleaningservice.com/history-vacuum-cleaner.html