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$VVRFLDWH 5HIHUHH J . Ca m er on (Au s tr a lia ), H.B. Devis (Gu ya n a ), M.

Fed er er (S ou t h Afr ica ), B.C. Legen d r e (US A), D.L. Ma ck in t os h (Au s t r a lia ),
P. Rein (US A), J .F. S ilva J u n ior (Bra zil), S . S olom on (In d ia ), T.V.
S r een iva s a n (In d ia ), K. S r ih a r i Ba b u (In d ia ), B. S u n d a r a (In d ia ), L. Won g
S a k Hoi (Ma u r it iu s ), D.V. Ya d a v (In d ia )

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Th e p ol d et er m in a t ion is t h e m os t im p or t a n t a n a lyt ica l t es t s for
s u ga r ca n e p r od u ct s . Th e h ea r t of t h e t es t is t h e cla r ifica t ion of s u ga r
ca n e ju ice b y cla r ifyin g a gen t s . Now a d a ys , lea d s u b a ceta t e is wid ely
u s ed a s a cla r ifyin g a gen t in s u ga r in d u s t r ies a n d it s con s u m p t ion is of
few t h ou s a n d MT p er yea r , wor ld wid e. As lea d is a h ea vy m et a l a n d
a ccor d in g t o t h e Res ou r ce Con s er va t ion a n d Recover y Act of 1 9 7 6 a n d
s u b s equ en t a m en d m en t s , cu r r en t d is p os a l of lea d a n d ot h er h ea vy
m et a ls t o la n d fill is s t op p ed con s id erin g t h e h ea lt h , en vir on m en t a l
h a za r d s a n d in cr ea s e in t h e cos t of d is p os a l of lea d s u b a cet a e. Th er efor e,
em p h a s is wa s given in t h e ICUMS A m eet in g h eld a t At la n t a , Geor gia ,
US A in Ap r il, 2 0 0 4 t o fin d ou t t h e a lt er n a t e ecofr ien d ly ch em ica ls a s a
ju ice cla r ifyin g a gen t a n d / or u s e of ot h er a n a lyt ica l m et h od s for d ir ect
s u cr os e a n a lys is .
Th e r ecom m en d a t ion s of r ecen t m eet in g (Ma y, 2 0 0 4 ) of ICUMS A h eld a t
At la n t a , Geor gia , US A a r e a s follows ,
1 . In ves t iga t e a n d exch a n ge t h e m or e in for m a t ion on t h e u s e of
a lt er n a t ive m et h od s t o lea d cla r ified p ola r im et r y (ot h er ch em ica l
cla r ifyin g a gen t s , NIR p ola r im et r y, NIR s p ect r os cop y)
2 . In ves t iga t e n ew t ech n ologies for s u cr os e d ir ect a n a lys is
3 . Recon s id er t h e in t er es t of wr it in g r efer en ce m et h od s for t h e m or e
wid ely s p r ea d ca n e a n a lys is m et h od s

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 4 . A wor ld wid e s u r vey s h ou ld b e u n d er t a k en con cer n in g t h e p r es en t
m et h od s u s ed for ca n e a n a lys is a n d t h eir p r ob a b le d evelop m en t in
t h e n ea r fu t u r e.
Refer ee h a s a p p oin t ed on 1 2 th Ap r il, 2 0 0 6 a n d t h e effor t s on
p r ep a r a t ion of t h is r ep or t wa s in it ia t ed , u lt im a t ely. Th en con t a ct ed
wit h t h e As s ocia t e r efer ees , a s p er lis t a va ila b le on t h e web of ICUMS A
a n d ot h er r en own ed s cien t is t s in t h e field of s u ga r ca n e (d et a ils
en clos ed ). However , n o r ep ly is r eceived r ega r d in g t h e wor k r ela t ed t o
ou r r ecom m en d a t ion s . A few r efer en ces wer e collect ed a n d own
exp er ien ces , followin g is t h e b r ief r ep or t .

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Th e r ep or t t h r ows a fla s h of ligh t over a s u cces s fu l u s e of a lt er n a t e
ch em ica ls for ju ice cla r ifica t ion a n d d ir ect a n a lys is of s u cr os e.
In Cu b a (Per ez S a n fiel HW DO, 1 9 8 9 ) u s ed a lu m in u m h yd r oxid e (in
s it u ) a s a cla r ifyin g a gen t in s t ea d of a lea d s u b a cet a t e for ca n e ju ice
a n a lys is . Th es e r es u lt s wer e con fir m ed b y Legen d r e a n d Cla rk e (1 9 9 1 ) in
US A a n d Ku lk a r n i a n d Ma n e, (1 9 9 4 ) in In d ia . Th e r es u lt s ob t a in ed a ft er
t es t in g m a n y s a m p les of t h es e m a t er ia ls d o n ot s h ow s ign ifica n t
d iffer en ces t h os e ob t a in ed wit h t h e n ew t ech n iqu e a n d t r a d it ion a l (lea d
s u b a cet a t e). Th e cla r ifica t ion u s in g a lu m in u m h yd r oxid e p os s es s es t h e
followin g a d va n t a ges ,
a . It is n on t oxic
b . S olu t ion ca n b e ea s ily a va ila b le a n d r ea d ily p r ep a r ed
c. It ca n b e u t ilized in b ioa n a lys is
d . Ch ea p er a n d ea s ily a va ila b le
e. Met h od fa cilit a t es t h e clea n in g of a p p lia n ces u s ed in t es t s
f. Th e m a t er ia l t es t ed ca n b e r et u r n ed t o t h e in d u s t r ia l p r oces s a n d
t h u s , ea s ily r ecover ed .
g. Th e s a m p les d o n ot cla r ify wit h t h e t r a d it ion a l m et h od s , d o cla r ify
wit h t h e a lu m in u m h yd r oxid e.

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 Th e wor k on d ir ect a n a lys is of s u ga r ca n e clea r ju ice u s in g fib r e
op t ic t r a n s m it t a n ce is ca r r ied ou t a t Na t ion a l Ph ys ica l La b or a t or y, New
Delh i, In d ia . J a gd is h Tiwa r i HWDO (2 0 0 4 ) s ca n n ed t h e s a m p les in t h e NIR
r egion (5 4 0 0 -6 4 0 0 cm -1 ) u s in g t h e fib r e op t ic t r a n s m it t a n ce p r ob e a n d
a n a lyzed b y p a r t ia l lea s t s qu a r es (PLS ). Th e s t a n d a r d p ola r im et r ic
m et h od wa s u s ed t o ob t a in t h e r efer en ce va lu es for t h e ca lib r a t ion of
m od els fr om NIR r es u lt s . Th e ca lib r a t ion m od el d evelop ed wa s a b le t o
a cces s t h e Pol va lu e in u n k n own s u ga r ca n e clea r ju ice s a m p les
a ccu r a t ely t o a n R 2 va lu e of 0 .9 3 6 . Th e t ech n iqu e h a s a p ot en t ia l in t h e
r a p id m ea s u r em en t s of Pol con t en t in s u ga r ca n e clea r ju ice for t h e s u ga r
in d u s t r y. Fu r t h er , Au d u b on S u ga r In s t it u t e, Lou is ia n a S t a t e Un iver s it y
Agr icu lt u r a l Cen t er , US A a ls o m a d e a n eva lu a t ion of NIR s p ect r om et er
for t h e d ir ect a n a lys is of s u ga r ca n e ju ice b y in s t a llin g t h e NIR
s p ect r om et er in Lou is ia n a S u ga r Mills , US A d u r in g 2 0 0 1 -0 2 t o a cces s it s
s u it a b ilit y. An a lys is of b ot h wet d is in t egr a t ion a n d cor e p r es s m et h od
wer e u s ed a s t h e p r im a r y m ea s u r em en t s . Ca lib r a t ion equ a t ion s for p ol,
b r ix, fib r e, m ois t u r e a n d a s h in ca n e wer e p r od u ced . Va lu e of s t a n d a r d
er r or wer e excellen t a n d t h e p r os p ect s for t h e u s e of s u ch in s t r u m en t for
t h e a ccu r a t e d ir ect a n a lys is of ca n e look p r om is in g (Ma d s en HWDO, 2 0 0 4 ).
Con s id er in g t h e im p or t a n ce of t h e d ir ect a n a lys is of ca n e ju ice t h e
in s t r u m en t d u a l wa velen gt h (VIS a n d NIR) a u t om a t ic s a cch a r im et er is
d ecid ed t o p u r ch a s e a t Va s a n t d a d a S u ga r In s t it u t e, Pu n e, In d ia . We will
wor k a n d s t a n d a r d ize t h e m et h od ology in t h e s a id in s t r u m en t , a s t h er e is
a s t r on g t r en d t o lea d -fr ee cla r ifica t ion m et h od s p r efer a b ly b a s ed on
filt r a t ion on ly. Th es e m et h od s fr equ en t ly p r od u ce colou r ed filt r a t es t h a t
a r e t oo d a r k for m ea s u r em en t s a t VIS wa velen gt h , b u t t r a n s p a r en t
en ou gh for NIR ligh t . Th e NIR d o a n a lys is of ext r em ely d a r k colou r ed
s a m p les u p t o a n a b s or b a n ce of 7 a t 5 8 9 n m .

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In t h e in t er n a t ion a l m a r k et t h e p r ice a n d d em a n d of s u ga r d ep en d
u p on t h e colou r of s u ga r a n d u lt im a t ely, colou r of ju ice is r es p on s ib le for
t h e s u ga r colou r . It wa s n ot iced t h a t t h e colou r of ju ice va r ies a ccor d in g
t o t h e s u ga r ca n e va r iet y, a gr oclim a t ic con d it ion s et c. Th er efor e, it is
n eces s a r y t h a t t h e s u ga r ca n e va r iet ies fr om t h e va r iou s a gr oclim a t ic
zon es in t h e n eed s t o b e a n a lyzed for t h e ju ice for it s im p u r it y p r ofile viz.
(ju ice colou r , im p u r it ies , a m in o a cid , p olyp h en ols et c.) t h r ou gh GC MS
MS . Kes k a r a n d Nim b a lk a r (2 0 0 2 ) s t u d ied t h e s u ga r ca n e ju ice of
d iffer en t va r iet ies a n d it wa s n ot iced t h a t t h e colou r va r ies fr om 7 0 0 0 t o
3 2 0 0 0 IU. Th e colou r of t h e ju ice va r ies a ccor d in g t o t h e qu a n t it y of
p olyp h en ols , en zym es a n d ot h er im p u r it ies in t h e ju ice. Th er efor e, t h e
wor k on im p u r it y p rofile will h elp t o fin d ou t t h e fa ct or s r es p on s ib le for
t h e ju ice colou r a n d u lt im a t ely s t u d ies on m in im iza t ion of s u ga r colou r
will b e u n d er t a k en t o im p r ove t h e ju ice qu a lit y a n d u lt im a t ely t o in cr ea s e
t h e m a r k et va lu e of exp or t s u ga r .

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In ves t iga t e a n d s t a n d a r d ize t h e t ech n ology t o fin d ou t t h e im p u r it ies of
ca n e ju ice u s in g GC MS MS t ech n ology for id en t ifyin g t h e n on -s u cr os e
im p u r it ies .

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J a gd is h Tiwa r i; Ra n ja n a Meh r ot r a a n d J os ep h Ir u d a ya r a j (2 0 0 5 ). Dir ect
NIR a n a lys is of s u ga r ca n e clea r ju ice u s in g a fib r e op t ic
t r a n s m it t a n ce p r ob e. www.n ir p u b lica t ion s .com / a b s t r a ct / J 1 1 _0 3 5 .
Ku lk a r n i, A.D. a n d Ma n e, J .D. (1 9 9 4 ). S t u d ies on t h e u s e of in s it u
a lu m in iu m h yd r oxid e a s cla r ifyin g a gen t for p ola r im et r y of In d ia n
ca n e ju ice. Pr oc. 5 7 th An n u a l Con ven t ion , S TAI, New Delh i,
In d ia .:2 1 5 -2 2 0 .

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Ker s a r , V. S . a n d Nim b a lk a r , S . S . (2 0 0 2 ). New er a in In d ia n s u ga r
in d u s t r y: ICUMS A. Sou ven ir 2 3 rd ICUMSA s es s ion , Pu n e.: 4 9 -5 7 .
Legen d r e, B.L. a n d Cla r k e, M.A. (1 9 9 1 ). Com p a r is on of cla r ifica t ion
r ea gen t s for p ola r iza t ion a n a lys is of s u ga r ca n e ju ice. J ou r n a l of
s u ga r ca n e S ociet y of S u ga r Ca n e Tech n ologis t . Vol II, (8 ): 7 5 -8 1 .
Ma d s en II, L.R.; Wh it e, B.E . a n d Rein , P.W. (2 0 0 4 ). E va lu a tion of a NIR
s p ect r om et er for d ir ect a n a lys is of s u ga r ca n e.
a s s ct .or g/ jou r n a l/ J AS S CT%2 0 PDF%2 0 Files / vol2 3 / Ma d s en %2 0 t e
%2 0 a l.p d f.
Per ez S a n fiel, F.; Her n a n d ez, Z. a n d Ca s t r o, M.S . (1 9 8 9 ). A n ew m et h od
for d et er m in in g p ol in s u ga r p r od u ct s u s in g n on -t oxic s u b s t a n ces .
Pr oc. IS S CT, 1 9 8 9 . : 1 2 3 -1 2 7 .