BIOL 241 Classification

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1. 5 kingdom system Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, 16. evidence for Are the same size as modern prokaryotes
Animalia endosymbiotic Have a single circular DNA molecule
theory Divide by Binary Fission
2. 10 times a single eukaryotic cell is how many
Have a gene(s) for 70S ribosomes
times larger than a prokaryotic cell?
Many other (endo)symbiotic associations
3. 70s ribosomes smaller ribosomes found in prokaryotes exist and still go on today
4. 80S ribosomes larger ribosomes found in eukaryotes 17. fewest species closely related have what?
5. Aristotle greek philosopher that ordered differences
organisms (Great chain of being/Scala 18. for rRNA all life has genes for?
Naturae)
19. fungi → Uni/Multicellular
6. autotroph An organism that makes its own food → Neuclus
7. Chemorganotrophs Energy from chemical reactions → Decomposers
involving organic material (2 or more 20. Great Chain of a system in which species were positioned
carbon atoms) Being in a system of hierarchy of complexity or
8. chemotroph gain energy from chemical compounds "perfection"

9. Domain Archaea Formerly Kingdom Monera 21. heterotroph An organism that cannot make its own
Prokaryotic food. (consumer)
Single celled 22. Linnaeus system Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order,
Cell walls made of Psuedopeptiglycan of classification Family, Genus, Species
Small (Radius/Length of 1-5
23. Membrane what does size not affect?
micrometers)
Transport rates
10. domain bacteria Formerly Kingdom Monera Energy
Prokaryotic Generation
Single celled rates
Cell walls made of Peptidoglycan Diffusion Rates
Small (Radius/Length of 1-5
24. mitochondria what do prokaryotic cells lack?
micrometers)
25. monera one celled organism with no distinct
11. Domain Eukarya Other 4 Kingdoms
nucleus
Eukaryotic
Single/Multicellular 26. most distantly related species have what?
Cell walls (if present: cellulose or differences
chitin)
27. most likely a what did eukaryotes evolve from?
Large
bacteria/archaea
12. endosymbiosis host cell was domain archaea hybrid
likely energy starved
28. phototroph an organism that gets its energy from
13. endosymbiotic a theory that states that certain kinds of sunlight
theory prokaryotes began living inside of
29. Plantae and multicellular with nucleus
larger cells and evolved into the
Animalia
organelles of modern-day eukaryotes
30. plasma nutrients will enter the cell and energy
14. eukaryote DNA (multiple linear molecules)
membrane (ATP) will be made
characteristics 80S ribosomes
cell membrane 31. Prokaryote DNA (single circular molecule)
endomembrane system characteristics 70S ribosome
cell membrane
15. Eukaryotes vs eukaryotes have a nucleus and
no system bound organelles
Prokaryotes prokaryotes do not
32. protista one-celled eukaryotic organisms with a
nucleus
33. Ribosomes site of protein production
34. rRNA (ribosomal RNA) an organelle that contains most of the RNA in the cell and that is responsible for ribosome function
35. Symbiont cell -Domain Bacteria
-Good at aerobic Respiration
-Eventually evolved into eukaryote
-Archaea got ATP
-Bacteria got protection
36. taxonomy The science of classifying organisms