UNIVERSITY OF DALAT

FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

HOANG MAI ANH

THE TYPICAL FEATURES OF THE THREE REGIONS IN SCOTLAND

ENDING COUSE PAPER

Course: BRITISH STUDIES

LAM DONG, 2021

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 UNIVERSITY OF DALAT
FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

HOANG MAI ANH - 1914471

THE TYPICAL FEATURES OF THE THREE REGIONS IN SCOTLAND

ENDING COURSE PAPER

INSTRUCTOR

NGUYEN THI TO HANH

AVK43SP- 2021

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 LISTS OF FIGURES AND TABLES

Figure 1: Vector map of Scotland with named districts and location on United Kingdom map.
(Source: https://www.123rf.com/photo_139124201_stock-vector-vector-map-of-scotland-
with-named-districts-and-location-on-united-kingdom-map.html)

Figure 2: Loch Ness with Urquhart Castle in the foreground.

(Source: https://vi.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:LochNessUrquhart.jpg)

Figure 3: Arthur’s Seat in Edinburgh.

(Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Central_Lowlands#/media/File:Edinb
urgh_Arthur_Seat_dsc06165.jpg)
Figure 4: The Southern Uplands, near
Moffat, Dumfries and Galloway,
Scotland, UK.
(Source: https://www.alamy.com/the-
southern-uplands-near-moffat-
dumfries-and-galloway-scotland-uk-
image222834830.html)
The British Isles may be a group of
islands in the North Atlantic Ocean
and located off the northwest coast of
continental Europe. The archipelago
consists of the islands of Great Britain,
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Ireland, Isle of Man, Hebrides, and more than six thousand other smaller islands. The United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is often referred to as the United Kingdom
(the UK), or Great Britain could also be a sovereign state in Europe because it is taken into
account the 78th most sovereign state within the world. Britain is the combination of four
member states: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, covering a total area of
243,610 km² that rates the 11th largest in Europe. Scotland is one of four countries of the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Scotland occupies one-third of the
northern area of the British Isles, bordering with the United Kingdom to the south, surrounded
by the Atlantic Ocean on the other sides (the North Sea to the east, and the Northern Strait and
the Irish Sea to the west). In addition, Scotland has over 790 islands, including the Northern
Islands and the Hebrides, as well as on the mainland in the British Isles. These features are
among the main reasons why I choose Scotland as my research subject. This essay will cover
the typical features (the geography, economy, nature, and people) of the three regions in
Scotland - the Highlands, the Central Lowlands, and the Southern Uplands.

Firstly, the Highlands has over 790

islands divided into 4 groups including
Inner Hebrides, Outer Hebrides,
Shetland, and Orkney. It also has the
highest mountains in the United
Kingdom with altitudes from 900 to
1300 meters. Therefore, the population
Figure 2: Loch Ness with Urquhart Castle in here is very sparse, being one of the
the foreground. places with the lowest population in
(Source:https://vi.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/T Europe and by one-seventh of Scotland.
%E1%BA%ADp_tin:LochNessUrquhart.jpg) Interestingly, Highlands is the only place
in the British Isles that has the Taiga
biome because it gathers many populations of pine forests Scots. Taiga is often called by
names like Taiga forest or snow forest. It is a community of creatures characterized by
coniferous forests. Pine, spruce, and larvae are the main creatures that make up the Taiga
forest. The Highlands is one of Europe's least populated regions. Due to the disadvantage of
high terrain and the lack of arable land for mixed agriculture has made the role of the alcohol
industry Scotch whiskey became the main lifeline thanks to the rig. In particular, when it
comes to the Highlands, we must mention the story about the Loch Ness Monster, which

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attracts the most public attention among a series of loincloths or lakes linked to the north of
Scotland's Great Glen. Loch Ness is considered one of Scotland's top tourist attractions.

Secondly, the Central Lowlands, sometimes called the Midland Valley because it is a
relatively low place in Southern Scotland and is created by Paleontological formation. There
is another way called Central Valley because it is densely populated, and where industrial
development is. Therefore, here the industrial revolution is driven by the sedimentary rocks,
which are of economic significance with
more than half of the population of
Scotland living in this area. The reason
why the Central Lowlands has a much
higher population density than the rest of
Scotland is that the combination of low
productivity fertile agricultural land, coal
and iron stockpiles has boosted economic
potential degree. In addition, the Central
Lowlands has also experienced periods Figure 3: Arthur's Seat in Edinburgh.
of intense volcanic eruptions. And (Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_L
owlands#/media/File:Edinburgh_Arthur_Seat_d
Arthur's Seat, the notorious extinct sc06165.jpg)
volcano of Edinburgh, is the remnant of
a half-large mountain. And it is also home to many of the great cities of Glasgow, Edinburgh,
Stirling, Perth, and Dundee.

Thirdly, the Southern Uplands are the southernmost and least populated of the three major
geographic areas of mainland Scotland. Being an overwhelmingly rural and agricultural
region, the Southern Highlands is partly forested and has a lot of wastelands. The Southern
Uplands mainly consist of Ordovician and Silurian sediments deposited in the Iapetus Ocean
500 to 420 million years ago. The tectonic processes have led to the formation of many major
faults. Currently, the east is eroded by rivers and define valleys in Southern Highlands. The
area is drained by numerous rivers, of
which the most important are the third
and fourth longest of Scotland, the River
Clyde at 171 km, and the River Tweed at
156 km. The largest is the Loch Ken
arising from the breaking of the Ken
Country.
Dumfries To
andthe east of Scotland,
Galloway, Moffat isUK.
the
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(Source: https://www.alamy.com/the-southern-
uplands-near-moffat-dumfries-and-galloway-
scotland-uk-image222834830.html)
largest natural body of water in the Southern Highlands. The topography of the region has
made the Southern Uplands sparsely populated, a trait shared with the Highlands but in
contrast to the low Central. Ism and entertainment are increasingly important: walking,
fishing, and shooting grouper are traditional activities. Besides, mountain biking has been
becoming popular in recent years.

Next, in terms of population, the Highlands has the lowest population density due to its
rugged terrain, difficult transportation, so the economy is less developed than the other two
regions. The Southern Uplands has an average population because the land is quite fertile for
agricultural development, so the economy is also improved. Because of its flat terrain,
convenient transportation, industrial zones develop strongly. Besides, nature also provides
more fertile low-lying agricultural lands, coal, and iron mines than the other two regions.

Lastly, Scotland’s people are a collection of different ethnic groups, such as the Picts, Celts,
Scandinavians, Anglo-Saxons, and newer immigrant groups. During the 19-20 centuries, a
large number of people migrated internally, making it difficult to distinguish historical areas.
In particular, there are immigrants from former British colonial territories, which created
cultural diversity.

In conclusion, Scotland has been divided into three regions for a long time, making different
terrain forms, giving itself its hallmarks of highlights. The essay speaks of birth history,
people, economy, nature, and other interesting things. Also, Scotland has similarities with
Vietnam that is to divide the territory into three parts. Each part brings each region with
different characteristics. For example, in the economy, both countries have commodities
produced mainly by the workers, which contributes greatly to the economy as a whole.
Regarding religion, each has its religion but not religious wars. Culturally, there are folklore
cultures to the modern with a traditional beauty that is not abraded. More specifically, these
countries all attract tourists and are listed in the list of interesting countries in the world.
Finally, Scotland's research is not only an attraction for the interesting things on this land but
also a challenge for people interested in the geography and history of Scotland.

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 REFERENCES

Tran Thanh Hung, 2019, Introduction to British Studies.

Wikipedia, 2021, Scotland, retrieved 1 August 2021, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland?

fbclid=IwAR2o7u79Y84kBbL0hQZB8A34lCnXxbd275ce7O4Vyz5KJ_y5mW3JYnH-f3g

Wikipedia, 2021, Scottish Highlands, retrieved 1 August 2021,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Highlands?fbclid=IwAR2Ib_53XYz77MlTFi4-
eS9FKV3ZCxQXaAL-GTTHtTlS3sWKIT3t3MHMutQ

Wikipedia, 2021, Central Lowlands, retrieved 3 August 2021,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Lowlands?
fbclid=IwAR3EkOv86JDdbgMtmEElD4jBfMLTR7M07buPH4b8KOV2wl5lWawlEc13xeA

Wikipedia, 2021, Southern Uplands, retrieved 4 August 2021,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Uplands?fbclid=IwAR2DbvDeftrJntSQGaqF-
skWrTgGiTRPARfe2vrBTe4wihm9tWWAzlhiNgo

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Scottish Geology Trust, 2021, Scotland-the home of geology, retrieved 4 August 2021,
https://www.scottishgeology.com/geo/regional-geology/southern-uplands/