SPCP Construction Methods

IRC International Seminar on “Construction and Rehabilitation of Rigid Pavement-
Current Practice and Way Forward”, 18-19 January, 2019, New Delhi
Methodology adopted for Construction of

Short Paneled Concrete Pavements
(SPCP) on High Volume Roads
Authors:
K Sridhar Reddy
Prof. M. Amaranatha Reddy
Dr. Nilanjan Mitra
Prof. K Sudhakar Reddy
Presenter:
K Sridhar Reddy
K Sridhar Reddy Construction and Rehabilitation of Rigid Pavement-Current Practice and Way Forward 1/24/2019 1
Presentation Outline
• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Short Paneled Concrete Pavement (SPCP)
• Construction of SPCP
• Test Sections 1 and 2
• Lessons Learnt
• Future Research Directions
• Selected References
Introduction
Extended
ExtendedBase
Base Membrane
Membrane
PQC,M40
PQC, M40
DLC, M10
GSB, Drainage Layer Current practice

Subgrade (Natural Soil/Prepared Fill)
A Typical Concrete Pavement System
A 3.5 m
Plan view
4.5 m
B
Elevation
Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP)

Dowel Relief cut of h/3
JPCP: Performance based design
Sun
Specifications and Guidelines-

IRC:58-2015 - JPCP
T1>T2 Salient Features:
Fatigue Damage Analysis by Miner’s

Bottom Up Cracking Approach:
Cumulative Fatigue Damage BUC
+
Cumulative Fatigue Damage TDC
=
Cumulative Fatigue Damage Total < 1, Safe
T2>T1
Typical thickness 250 to 290
Top Down Cracking mm
Short Paneled Concrete Pavements (SPCP):
An Alternative Option?
!?
Cost
SPCP ≃ Bituminous
Thickness
Performance
• Durable
• No Wild Cracking
Short Paneled Concrete Pavements (SPCP)
• SPCP: Similar to JPCP but short panel size (0.5 x 0.5
m to 2.0 x 2.0 m) and reduced thickness (load and
thermal stresses)
• Use of PQC- on strong foundation (CTSB and DLC)
• Contraction joints @ 0.5 to 2.0 m length; with/ without
any reinforcement (Dowel /Tie bars) and with/ without
joint sealing
• Likely to have more compressive stresses on
foundation
• Materials and Cost saving
SPCP vs JPCP
Design variables for SPCP
Design traffic
Number of lanes
Size of the panel (concrete slabs)
Thickness of the panel
Interfacial bond between PQC and DLC
Type of base layer
Lateral wheel wander
Effect of Joint Spacing
 Joints : Timely joint spacing and cutting
(1/3rd depth- 3 to 5 mm width)
 Load Transfer: Aggregate interlock across closely spaced joints
1.0 m 1.0 m 1.0 m 4.5 m
Short Paneled Concrete Pavement (SPCP) Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP)
SPCP Construction
PQC
DLC
CTGSB
Subgrade
SPCP Construction: Test section 1, NH-2
384 m long, NH-02, Panagarh Bypass, West Bengal (Sept., 2016)
Panel Size, Thickness,
Interface b/w Panel and DLC Chainage, km Length, m
Sq.m mm
Nonwoven Geotextile 519+316 to 519+450 134

1x1 180 Emulsion of RS-I 519+450 to 519+550 100
Bonded 519+550 to 519+700 150
PQC, M40, 180 mm
DLC, M10, 150 mm
CTSB, 2.5%, 150 mm
Subgrade, CBR>10%, 500 mm
Test Section 1, NH-2
Saw cutting window
Courtesy: Raoufi et al., TRR, 2008
SPCP: Joint saw cutting
First level
3m
Plan view of SPCP
Short Paneled Concrete Pavement (SPCP)
Second level 3m
1m
Plan view of SPCP
Primary cut Secondary cut
Finished Pavement, NH-2
SPCP Construction: Test section 2, NH-33
SPCP Construction
Joint Cutting:
Initial: 3 x 3 m
Final: 1 x 1 m
Plan view of SPCP
SPCP: Finished Stage

Profile
No. of relief cuts or No Dowels
Dowels/Ties
SPCP: Load Distribution
Wheel Load Distribution on Short Paneled Concrete Pavement (SPCP), NH-2

SPCP
Important Issue: Mismatch in DLC and PQC joints (1 x 1 m)
1m
PQC
DLC
5m
Root cause for sympathetical cracking
SPCP
Important Issue: Mismatch in DLC and PQC joints (2 x 2 m)
2m
PQC
DLC
5m
Root cause for sympathetical cracking
SPCP
Important Issue: Matching DLC and PQC joints (1.5 x 1.5 m)
1.5 m
PQC
DLC
5m Safe from sympathetical cracking
Lessons Learnt
 Mechanized paving found to be effective from construction time
and surface finish.
 Few construction joints. Considerable reinforcement can be
avoided and hence cost saving.
 Material saving. In other words, sustainability and cost saving.
 Timely saw cutting is important.
 Width of narrow contraction joints is about 3-5 mm.
 Two stage joint cutting system found to be effective
 Joints in DLC and PQC should overlap.
Future Research Directions
 Seasonal variation of Load Transfer Efficiency (LTE) in short
slabs.
 Effect of slab geometry on LTE.
 Effect of different base layers on structural performance.
 Establishment of relationship between LTE and crack width
opening.
 Performance of SPCP with various interfacial bond conditions
between PQC and DLC.
 Distress mapping of in-service pavement.
Structural Evaluation
Critical Loading Positions: 𝑑𝑢𝑙

• LTE at joints, % = x 100
• Interior 𝑑𝑙
• Edge • Seasonal variation, variation of geometry on LTE
• Corner • Degree of bonding
Selected References
• Raoufi, K., Radlinska, A., Nantung, T., & Weiss, J. (2008). Methodology for
determining the timing of saw cutting in concrete pavements. Transportation Research
Record, 2081(1), 110-117.
• Zollinger, D. G., Tang, T., & Xin, D. (1994). Sawcut depth considerations for jointed
concrete pavement based on fracture mechanics analysis. Transportation Research
Record, (1449).
• Roesler, J. R., Cervantes, V. G., & Amirkhanian, A. N. (2012). Accelerated
performance testing of concrete pavement with short slabs. International Journal of
Pavement Engineering, 13(6), 494-507.
• AASHTO (1993). “Guide for Design of Pavement Structures.” American Association
of State Highway and Transportation Officials.
• IRC: 58 (2015). “Guidelines for the Design of Plain Jointed Rigid Pavements for
Highways”. The Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi.
• Salsilli, R., Wahr, C., Delgadillo, R., Huerta, J., & Sepúlveda, P. (2015). Field
performance of concrete pavements with short slabs and design procedure calibrated
for Chilean conditions. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 16(4), 363-
379.
• Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) (2013). “Specifications for Road
and Bridge works”, fifth revision, The Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi
Acknowledgements
• National Highway Authority of India (NHAI), Govt. of

India for sponsoring the research entitled “Field
Investigations of Paneled Concrete Pavements (FPC)”,.
• Late Prof. B B Pandey, Advisor, SRIC, IIT Kharagpur
• IL&FS Transportation Networks Limited (ITNL), Barwa-
Adda Expressways Ltd (NH-2).
• Dilip Buildcon Ltd., Bhopal, India (NH-33).
Thank you…

SPCP Construction Methods

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SPCP Construction Methods

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IRC International Seminar on “Construction and Rehabilitation of Rigid Pavement-

Methodology adopted for Construction of

GSB, Drainage Layer Current practice

A Typical Concrete Pavement System

Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP)

Specifications and Guidelines-

T1>T2 Salient Features:

Fatigue Damage Analysis by Miner’s

 Load Transfer: Aggregate interlock across closely spaced joints

1.0 m 1.0 m 1.0 m 4.5 m

Nonwoven Geotextile 519+316 to 519+450 134

PQC, M40, 180 mm

DLC, M10, 150 mm

CTSB, 2.5%, 150 mm

Subgrade, CBR>10%, 500 mm

Courtesy: Raoufi et al., TRR, 2008

Short Paneled Concrete Pavement (SPCP)

Short Paneled Concrete Pavement (SPCP)

Short Paneled Concrete Pavement (SPCP)

No. of relief cuts or No Dowels

Wheel Load Distribution on Short Paneled Concrete Pavement (SPCP), NH-2

Critical Loading Positions: 𝑑𝑢𝑙

• National Highway Authority of India (NHAI), Govt. of

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