Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering

PHY 104
Physics Laboratory Manual (Online)

Student ID. 19202108015

Student Name Saiful Islam Tuhin

Intake 29

Section
01
Name of the Program B.ScEngg. in EEE

Name of the Department EEE

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 COURSE TITLE: PHYSICS II LAB

COURSE CODE: PHY 104

EXPERIMENT NO.: 02

EXPERIMENT NAME: ​To determine the Specific resistance of a wire using a Meter Bridge.

DATE OF PERFORMANCE:

DATE OF SUBMISSION:

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Name:​ Rabeya Akter Name: Saiful Islam Tuhin
Designation:​ Lecturer ID: 19202108015
Department of EEE Batch No.:Section: 29(01)
Bangladesh University of Business and Department of …EEE…..
Technology (BUBT) Bangladesh University of Business and
Email: ​rabeya.a@bubt.edu.bd Technology (BUBT)
Mobile: 01706315025

REMARKS:

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Experiment Name: ​To determine the Specific resistance of a wire using a Metre Bridge

Objectives:
To find the resistance of a given wire using a metre bridge and hence determine the specific resistance
of its materials.
Learning outcomes:

● Students understand Wheatstone’s bridge and Wheatstone’s principle.

● Students verify Wheatstone’s principle.
● Students correlate the principle of Wheatstone’s bridge with metre bridge experiment.

Theory:

Wheatstone’s principle:

The metre bridge is operates under Wheatstone’s principle. Here, four resistors P, Q, R, and S are
connected to form the network ABCD. The terminals A and C are connected to a battery, and the
terminals C and D are connected to a galvanometer through keys K1 and K2 respectively. In the
balancing condition, there is no deflection on the galvanometer. Then,

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Materials required:

● Metre bridge (slide wire bridge)

● Leclanche cell or Battery eliminator
● Galvanometer
● Resistance box
● Jockey

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 ● One way key
● A resistance wire
● Screw gauge
● Metre scale
● Connecting wires

Procedures (Online):

● At first we go to this link ​http://amrita.olabs.edu.in/?sub=1&brch=6&sim=146&cnt=4​ and login.

● Your simulator will consist of a metre bridge kept on a table, battery, resistance box and wires
on the side bar menu.
● Click on the battery and the resistance box shown on the side bar menu to place them near to the
metre bridge.
● Drag one of the wires to the right gap of the metre bridge.
● Now the button, “Start experiment” will be enabled.
● Now you can select your desired resistance from the resistance box just by clicking on the box
and then choosing the resistance from the pop-window, “Select Resistance”. Now close the
pop-window.
● Click on the enabled button and "Insert Key”.
● Now you can move the jockey from one left end to right either by moving the jockey with your
mouse or by moving the slider, “Jockey Position”.
● Simultaneously check the readings of the galvanometer, once the needle reaches the zero
reading, stop moving the jockey and note down the length of the wire from the balanced position
on the left side, let say “AB” which is l cm.
● Repeat the same by moving the jockey from the right end to the left and note down the length of
the wire from the balanced position on the right side, let take it as “BC” which is (100-l) cm.
● Repeat the same procedure with second wire and note down the lengths.
● For each wire take three readings and calculate its mean readings/resistance

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Observations:

Table 1: Reading for the balance point.

Length, Mean
No. of Value of l ( 100 − l) X
Rl
X= (100−l) (Ω)
observation resistance,R(​Ω) cm cm (Ω)

1.
5 50 50 5
2.
6 54.5 45.5 7.18
3.
7 58.3 41.7 9.78
4.
8 61.5 38.5 12.77
5. 18.77
9 64.3 35.7 16.21
6.
10 66.7 33.3 20.03
7.
11 68.8 31.2 24.25
8.
12 70.6 29.4 28.8
9.
13 72.2 27.8 34.5
10.
14 73.7 26.3 39.23

Table 2: Reading for the radius of the experimental wire. (Using Slide Calipers)

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 Circula
Liner r Circular
N scale scale Least scale reading Total Mean Mean
o. of reading divisions count (C.S.R) = diameter diameter radius
obs. (L.S.R) (C.S.D (L.C) (CSD x D D r=D/2
cm ) cm L.C) cm cm cm
cm

1 0.025
2
3

Calculations:
Length of the wire, L =40 .cm
=40×.10​-2​ m
Resistance of the wire, X = 18.77Ω

Resistivity (specific resistance) of the wire,

2
= 3.1416×(0.025) × 18.77
40×.10​-2​
= 0.092

Result

The specific resistance (resistivity) of the given resistance wire, ρ = ​0.092​Ω m

Discussion:
● Always use shunt with galvanometer.

Questions:

Q1. Why is metre bridge called so?

Q2. What is null point?
Q3. Why is bridge method better than Ohms law of measurement?
Q4. What is the range of measurement of resistance using a Wheatstone bridge?
Q5. How can a Wheatstone bridge be used for the measurement of physical parameters?

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