Assignment 6

Compare and contrast Philippine Constitutions and the Proposed Federal Constitution. Follow the format and be guided on the
rubric on your course guide.

LENGTH OF
FORM OF GOVERNMENT RATIFYING/PROMULGATING BODY DISTINCTIVE FEATURES
EFFECTIVITY

- The first presidential and vice

presidential elections in Philippine
History were held.

- The organs of the

government under the Constitution
consisted of three (3) divisions: (1)
the Supreme Council, which was
authorized with the power of the
Republic in which it was headed by
the President and the four different
secretaries which was the interior,
foreign affairs, treasury, and war; (2)
the Consejo Supremo de Garcia Y
Justicia, which has the authority to
De Facto Constitutional create decisions and validate and
Republic refute the sentences given by the
PROMULGATING BODY: other courts and to command rules
Katipunan, acting as Constitutional for the administration of justice; and
Assembly, Drafted by Isabelo Artacho November 1, 1897 – (3) the
and Felix Ferrer December 14, 1897 Asamblea de Representantes, which
BIAK NA BATO was to be assembled after the
CONSTITUTION RATIFICATION: (1 month and 14 revolution to create a new
1897 No signing or voting was conducted. days) constitution and to choose a new
Council of Government and
a Representatives of the People.
vi
- The Constitution of Biak-na-Bato
d

was never fully implemented and

was overtaken by the Pact of
re

Biakna-Bato between the Spanish

and the Philippine Revolutionary
ha

Army.
s

- The basic law of the First

Philippine Republic. It was created
as

PROMULGATING BODY: during the fight for the Philippine

Malolos Congress independence from Spain.
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RATIFICATION: - The first republican

constitution in Asia. It declared that
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Choice Votes % sovereignty resides exclusively in

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Unitary Semi – January 23, 1899 – the people, stated basic civil rights,
MALOLOS
Presidential For 98 100 March 23, 1901 separated the church and state, and
REPUBLIC
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CONSTITUTION Constitutional Republic called for the creation of an

(more than 2 years) Assembly of Representatives to act
Against 0 0
as the legislative body.
er res

Invalid/blank
-
votes - The constitution placed
limitations on unsupervised freedom
Total 98 100
of action by the chief executive
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which would have hampered rapid

decisionmaking.
ur stu

- The Commonwealth
Constitution was ratified to prepare
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the country for its independence.

Co is

This constitution was dominantly

influenced by the Americans, but
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possess the traces of the Malolos

Constitution, the German, Spanish,
and Mexican Constitution,
constitutions of several South
American countries, and the
November 15, 1935
Presidential unwritten English Constitution.
– 1943
Commonwealth
PROMULGATING BODY: - It was written with an eye to
(8 years)
1934 Constitutional Convention meeting the approval of the United
States Government as well, so as to
RATIFICATION: ensure that the U.S. would live up to
Choice Votes % its promise to grant the Philippines
independence and not have a
For 1,213,046 96.43 premise to hold onto its possession
on the grounds that it was too
1935 Against 44,963 3.57 politically immature and hence
CONSTITUTION unready for full, real independence.
Invalid/blank
-
votes - The draft of the constitution
was approved by the convention on
Total 1,258,009 100
February 8, 1935 and was ratified by
Registered President Roosevelt in Washington
1,953,972
voters/turnout D.C. on March 25, 1935. Elections
were held on September 16, 1935
and Manuel L. Quezon was elected
July 4, 1946 – as the first President of the
Unitary Presidential January 16, 1973 Commonwealth of the Philippines.
Constitutional Republic
(27 years) - The original 1935
Constitution provided for a
unicameral National Assembly, and
the President was elected to a six-
year term without the possibility re-
election. It was amended in 1940 to
have a bicameral Congress.

1973 January 17, 1973 – - Promulgated after Marcos’

CONSTITUTION February 22, 1986 declaration of martial law and
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(13 years) parliamentary – style government.
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Legislative power was vested in a
 unicameral National Assembly
PROMULGATING BODY: whose members were elected for
1973 Constitutional Convention six-year-terms. The President was
RATIFICATION: ideally elected as the symbolic and
purely ceremonial head of state
Choice Votes % chosen from amongst the Members
of the National Assembly for a
Unitary Dominant – Yes 14,976,561 95.3 sixyear-term and could be re-
Party Pseudo – elected to an unlimited number of
Parliamentary Republic No 743,869 4.7 terms.
Under Totalitarian Civic
– Military Rule Total valid - Executive power was meant
15,720,430 79.0
votes to be exercised by the Prime
Total votes Minister who was also elected from
19,908,760 87.0
cast among the sitting Assemblymen.
Registered The Prime Minister was to be the
22,883,632 100 head of government and
voters
Commander-inChief of the Armed
Forces. This constitution was
subsequently amended four times
(arguably five, depending on how
one considers Proclamation No. 3 of
1986, see below).
- The constitution provided for
three governmental powers, namely
the executive, legislative, and
judicial branches. The executive
branch is headed by the president
and his appointed cabinet members.
The executive has limited power.
PROMULGATING BODY:
This is to ensure that the country will
1986 Constitutional Convention
be "safeguarded" if martial law is to
be declared. The president can still
RATIFICATION:
declare martial law, but it expires
Choice Votes % within 60 days and Congress can
either reject or extend it.
Yes 16,622,111 77.04 a
February 2, 1987 –
- The legislative power
vi
Unitary Presidential No 4,953,375 22.96 present
1987 consists of the Senate and the
Constitutional Republic
CONSTITUTION House of Representatives. There
Valid votes 21,575,486 99.04 (22 years and
are twentyfour senators and the
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counting)
House is composed of district
Invalid or
re

209,730 0.96 representatives. It also created

blank votes
opportunities for under-represented
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Total votes 21,785,216 100 sectors of community to select their

representative through party-list
system. The judiciary branch
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comprises the Supreme Court and

as

the lower courts. The Supreme

Court is granted the power to hear
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any cases that deals with the

constitutionality of law, about a
treaty or decree of the government.
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It is also tasked to administrate the

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function of the lower courts.

o. ou
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- Federalism is a proposed system of

administration for the Philippines and
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a revision of the current 1987

constitution. Under Joint Resolution
ur stu

No. 10, proposed by senator Aquilino

Pimentel Jr, the creation of eleven
PROMULGATING BODY: autonomous regions out of the
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Consulvative Committee Philippine Republic which would

Co is

establish centers of finance and

Unitary Presidential April 25, 2018 - development in the archipelago.
Th

Proposed form of government RATIFICATION: present

Federal This proposed bill is backed by the 13
Constitution senators of the Philippines (4 years and - under a federal government, states
counting) are empowered to make their own
decisions. They no longer need to
rely on the central government to
decide for them. This is important to
note in the Philippine context
because of the vast geographical and
cultural differences between regions -
differences that the central
government may not always be able
to cater to.

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