Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, Drug Delivery Systems and Medical Devices

Pharm 201L

Name: De jesis, Esmeria, Estanialo Group: 05

Year/Section: Q2A Final Rating:

PREPARATION No. “17”

“LIQUID PETROLATUM EMULSION”

A. WRAP-UP GUIDE QUESTIONS:

Synonym/s: Emulsum Petrolati Liquidi, Mineral Oil Emulsion and Liquid Paraffin Emulsion
Uses of Preparation: As a lubricant, as a laxative, and as a base for nasal sprays
Method/s of Preparation used: Continental/ Dry Gum Method, English/ Wet Gum Method &
Bottle/ Forbes Bottle Method
Method/s of Administration: Topical Administration
Packaging material/s used in the preparation: Flint bottle
Particular Equipment (if any): Beaker, Graduated cylinder, Mortar and pestle
Ideal temperature and storage conditions: Preserve in a tight container, Keep tightly closed in a
cool dry place
Description of Finished Product: Mineral oil, tasteless, odorless (when cold), transparent,
colorless, oily liquid that is insoluble in both water and alcohol.

B. Facsimile label:
 Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, Drug Delivery Systems and Medical Devices
Pharm 201L
Formula based on preparation:
Raw Materials Quantity Physical Appearance Uses
Mineral Oil 15mL Various colorless, Used to treat
odorless, light mixtures of constipation. It is
higher alkanes from a known as a lubricant
mineral source. laxative. It works by
keeping water in the
stool and intestines.
Acacia powder 3.75g White to tan solid Used as a
pharmaceutical
ingredient in
medications for
throat or stomach
inflammation and as
a film-forming agent
in peel-off skin
masks.
Simple Syrup 3mL Brownish hue, thick and Used as vehicles for
sweet liquid drugs such as
antibiotics,
Antihistaminic,
antitussives, and
vitamins.
Vanillin 1.2mL White to yellow Used in flavorings,
crystalline powder with a foods, perfumes, and
characteristic odor. pharmaceuticals
Alcohol 1.8mL Liquid colorless Used as a solvent and
preservative in
pharmaceutical
preparations.
Purified water, qs. ad 30mL White crystalline solid, Used as raw material,
almost colorless liquid ingredient, and
with a hint of a blue, solvent in the
colorless gas processing,
formulation, and
manufacture of
pharmaceutical
products, active
pharmaceutical
ingredients
 Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, Drug Delivery Systems and Medical Devices
Pharm 201L
C. Calculation(s):

Ingredients Original amount Computed amount

Mineral Oil 500 mL 15mL

Acacia powder 125g 3.75g

Simple Syrup 100mL 3mL

Vanillin 40mL 1.2mL

Alcohol 60mL 1.8mL

Purified water, qs. ad 1000mL 30mL

To make 1000mL 30mL

Solution:
500 mL / 1000 mL0 = x / 30 mL = 15mL
125 g / 1000 mL = x / 30 mL = 3.75g
100 mL / 1000 = x / 30 mL = 3mL
40 mL / 1000 = x / 30 mL = 1.2mL
60 mL / 1000 mL = x / 30 mL = 1.8mL
1000 mL / 1000 mL = x / 30 mL = 30mL

D. Attachment(s) of actual laboratory activity: (if any)

 Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, Drug Delivery Systems and Medical Devices
Pharm 201L

ASSIGNMENT
1. Give an example of emulsifying agent and its uses.

- A little soap will stabilize an emulsion of kerosene in water.

- Milk is an emulsion of butterfat in water, with the protein casein as the emulsifying
agent.
- Mayonnaise is an emulsion of oil in vinegar, with egg yolk components as the
emulsifying agents.
- Gelatin sets on cooling because the hot aqueous mixture of gelatin coagulates as it
cools and the whole mass, including the liquid, sets to an extremely viscous body
known as a gel, a colloid in which the dispersing medium is a solid and the dispersed
phase is a liquid.

2. What is the special labeling and advice for emulsion?

- Shake well before use

- Store in a cool place
- Expiry date
- For external use only

3. Give a commercially available emulsion preparation.

Topical emulsion (lotion and creams)

❖ cetaphil - used as a moisturizer to treat or prevent dry, rough, scaly, itchy skin and
minor skin irritations (e.g., diaper rash, skin burns from radiation therapy). Emollients
are substances that soften and moisturize the skin and decrease itching and flaking.

❖ triderm - used to treat a variety of skin conditions (e.g., insect bites, poison oak/ivy,
eczema, dermatitis, allergies, rash, itching of the outer female genitals, anal itching).
❖ Estrasorb - (estradiol topical emulsion) is designed to deliver estradiol to the blood
circulation following topical application of an emulsion
 Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, Drug Delivery Systems and Medical Devices
Pharm 201L
❖ Diprolene - Diprolene is a prescription topical ointment that relieves itching, pain,
swelling, and redness due to allergies, skin irritation, eczema, or psoriasis.

Oral emulsion

❖ Duolax - This is a dual-relief formulation containing Magnesium Hydroxide as an

osmotic laxative and Liquid Parafn as a lubricant.

❖ Mineral oil emulsion (Liquid Petrolatum Emulsion) - is a laxative. This medicine is

used to relieve occasional constipation or stool impaction. COMMON BRAND
NAME(S): Kondremul, Liqui-Doss, Muri-Lube.
❖ Simethicone Emulsion - is a water-dispersible form of simethicone composed of
simethicone, suitable preservatives, and water. It may contain viscosity-increasing
agents.
❖ Castor oil Emulsion - Castor oil acts as purgative, acacia as emulsifying agent which
forms a protective barrier and reduces interfacial tension. Water as dispersion
medium.

4. Enumerate the industrial use of emulsions aside from pharmaceuticals.

- Emulsions are commonly used in many major chemical industries. In the

pharmaceutical industry, they are used to make medicines more palatable, to
improve effectiveness by controlling the dosage of active ingredients, and to provide
improved aesthetics for topical drugs such as ointments.
- In the agricultural industry, emulsions are used as delivery vehicles for insecticides,
fungicides, and pesticides. These water-insoluble biocides must be applied to crops
at very low levels, usually by spraying through mechanical equipment. Emulsion
technology allows these chemicals to be effectively diluted and provides improved
sprayability.
- In cosmetics, emulsions are the delivery vehicle for many hairs and skin conditioning
agents. Anionic and non-ionic emulsions are used to deliver various oils and waxes
which provide moisturization, smoothness, and softness to hair and skin. Emulsions
formed with cationic emulsifiers are themselves effective conditioning agents since
their positive charge is attracted to the negative sites on the hair, thus allowing them
to resist rinse off.