Design of Doubly-Reinforced Beams

Lecture 2.c.2 by Engr. Jerry B. Maratas and Engr. Ricardo Fornis

Note:
fc ' = 27.6 MPa 4, 000 psi
fy = 414MPa 60, 000 psi
2) Steel ratios 2) Steel ratios
0.85 fc ' 1  600  0.25 fc ' 1.4
b =    min = bigger of or
fy  fy + 600  fy fy
0.85 ( 27.6 )( 0.85 )  600  0.25 27.6 1.4
b =    min = −3
=3.1724x10 or = 3.3816 x10−3
414  414 + 600  414 414
b = 0.0285  min = 3.3816 x10−3
Recommended value of rho
maximum, ρMAX for tension-
controlled design

Note:
fc ' = 27.6 MPa 4, 000 psi
fy = 414MPa 60, 000 psi
Maximum rho,  max  ρ b = 0.0285
From the Table Use  = 0.0181
As1 =  bd = ( 0.0181)( 375 )( 700 ) = 4751.25mm 2
3a) Moment Capacity if Singly-Reinforced
 a
Mu1 =  M n1 =  As1 f y  d − 
 2
 1   f y d   1   f y 
Mu1 =  bdf y  d −    =  bd f y 1 − 
2

 2  0.85 fc '    2  0.85 fc '  
 1  0.0181( 414 )  
Mu1 = ( 0.90 )( 0.0181)( 375 )( 700 ) 414 1 − 
2
  
 2  0.85 ( 27.6 )  
Mu1 = 1041310138 N .mm 1041kN .m  1394kN .m
Design as Doubly reinforced
 4a) Depth of Stress block
b 0.85fc’ 𝜖𝑐 = 0.003 Cc = 0.85 fc ' ab = As1 fy
d' Cs 𝜖𝑠′ = fs′/Es
a
a/2 As1 fy  fyd
c As’ Cc c a= =
0.85 fc ' b 0.85 fc '
d=700
d-a/2 a=
( 0.0181)( 414 )( 700 )
As
d-c 0.85 ( 27.6 )

T=As1fy + As2fy
𝜖𝑠 = fy/Es a = 233.588mm
Beam’s Strain
Diagram a 233.588
section Stress
c= = = 274.8
Diagram 1 0.85
 b=375 𝜖𝑐 = 0.003
4b) From the Strain Diagram
d’=75 𝜖𝑠′ = fs′/Es fs '
c As’ ES 0.003
c =
c−d' c
d=700
600 ( c − d ' )
fs ' =
c
600 ( 274.8 − 75 )
As
fs ' = = 436.24 MPa  414 MPa
𝜖𝑠 = fy/Es 274.8
Beam’s Strain Diagram Compression steel yields: Use fs ' = fy = 414 MPa
section
4c) Strain of steel at tension side
0.003 ( d − c )
a = 233.588mm t =
c
a 233.588
c= = = 274.8 0.003 ( 700 − 274.8 )
1 0.85 t = = 0.00464
274.8
 t = 0.00464  0.005 (Transition zone)
4d) Strength reduction factor, 
 t = 0.00464  0.005 (Transition zone)
  t −  ty 
 = 0.65 + 0.25  
 0.005 −  ty
 
  414  
 0.00464 −  200000  
 = 0.65 + 0.25   
 0.005 −  414  
   
  200000  
 414 
 0.00464 − 200000 
 = 0.65 + 0.25   = 0.869
 0.005 − 414 
 200000 
 b 0.85fc’
d' Cs 5) Resisting Moment
a
c As’ Cc  a
Mn = As1 fy  d −  + As2 fy ( d − d ')
d-d’  2
d=700
Mu =  Mn
As
Mu  a
= As1 fy  d −  + As2 fy ( d − d ')
Beam’s
T=As1fy + As2fy   2
section Stress Diagram

Calculating As 2
1394 x106  233.588 
= ( 4751.25 )( 414 )  700 −  + As2 ( 414 )( 700 − 75 )
0.869  2 
As2 = 1766.05 mm 2
 2
6b) TensionbaraArea, As = As1 + As2
6a) Compression Bar area=1766.05mm
As = 4751.25 + 1766.05 = 6517.3 mm 2

Try 25-mm  bar; Ab = ( 25 ) = 490.87 mm2
2

Try 32 − mm  bar ; Ab = ( 32 )
2
4 = 804.25mm 2
1766.05 4
Nc = = 3.59 say 4 pcs of 25 mm  bars 6517.3
490.87 Nc = = 8.10 say 8 pcs of 32 mm  bars
804.25

Try 28-mm  bar; Ab = ( 28 )
2
= 615.75 mm 2 
Try 36 − mm  bar ; Ab = ( 36 )
2
4 = 1017.87 mm 2
1766.05 4
Nc = = 2.86 say 3 pcs of 28 mm  bars 6517.3
615.75 Nc = = 6.4 say 7 pcs of 36 mm  bars
1017.87
Use 3-28 mm  for compression bars
Use 8 − 32 mm  bars
3-28 mm
dia
End