Auto-Update Beam Design - Baldesanso

Chapter 5
DESIGN OF BEAMS
I: Beams
RAW DATA FROM GRASP:

INTERIOR EXTERIOR
FLOOR SUPPORT MIDSPAN SUPPORT MIDSPAN
Roof Deck -114.9212 63.4257 -65.461 31.784
4th Floor -282.3035 170.3261 -143.0285 62.8784
3rd Floor -406.6237 311.3251 -190.5925 95.8503
2nd Floor -457.4456 379.5629 -211.5605 118.7645
Solve for ρ B
0.85 f ' cβ 600 (0.85)(21 MPa)(0.85)(600)
𝜌B = = = 0.03783
fy(600+fy) 275 MPa (600+275 MPa)
Solve for ρmin and ρmax
ρmax = 0.75ρB= (0.75)(0.03783) = 0.02837

1.4 1.4
ρmin = = = 0.00509
fy 275
Solving for ω:
ρ f y (0.0227)(275)
ω= = = 0.2973
f' c 21
2ND FLOOR
INTERIOR BEAMS AT SUPPORT
Solve for ρ , b and d, assuming d = 1.75 GIVEN

Mu 457 kN-m
Mu = Φf ′cωbd2(1−0.59ω) f’c 21 MPa
Fy 275 MPa
457.4𝑥 106 = (0.9)(21)(0.2973)(b)(1.75b)2 [ 1−0.59 (0.2973) ] ∅ 28 mm
Φ 0.9
𝒃 ≈ 318.27 mm say 𝒃 ≈ 350 mm β 0.85
𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(318.27) 𝒅 ≈ 556.97 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 570 mm ρB 0.03783
ρmin 0.00509
457.4𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(350)(570)2 Rn = 4.47
ρmax 0.02834
ρ=¿ ω 0.29726
0.85(21)
275
0.01905 > ρmin
√
⌊ 1− 1−
2( MERGEFIELD Rn ¿ 0.00 4.47)
0.85 (21)
⌋=
Solve for As and N

As = ρbd = (0.01905)(350)(570) = 3800 mm2
Use 28 ∅ main bars:
MERGEFIELD As ¿ 0 3800
N= π = 6.18 say 7
( MERGEFIELD M ¿ 28 )2
4 ¯
bars
Solve for spacing, centroid, actual h and d

Locating the centroid of the bar Bar spacing at x
(7As)y = 3As(0)+2(As)(53)+2(As)(106) 350 = 53+3(28)+2x
y = 45.43 mm x = 93.00 mm
Solve for Actual h Solve for actual d
h = 570+40+14+45.43 d = 700-40-14-45.43
h = 669.43 say 700 dnew ≈ 600.57 mm
Investigate
RESULTS
π b 350 mm
As = ρbd = (28)2(7) = ρ (350) (600.57) ρ = 0.02050 ρ 0.01905
4 x 93 mm
ρmin ( 0.00509 )< ρ<ρmax (0.02837) OK! y 45 mm
dnew 600.57 mm
h 700 mm
Mcapacity 539 Kn-m
As 3800 mm2
N 7
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.02050 (275)
ω= = = 0.26845
f ' c 21
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)(0.26845)(350)(600.57)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]
Mcapacity (539) > Mdesign (457)
THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE AND APPLICABLE!

INTERIOR BEAMS AT MIDSPAN
Solve for ρ GIVEN

Mu 380 kN-m
379.6𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(350)(570)2 Rn = 3.71 f’c 21 MPa
Fy 275 MPa
ρ=¿ ∅ 28 mm
√
Φ 0.9
0.85(21) 2( MERGEFIELD Rn ¿ 0.00 3.71)
⌊ 1− 1− ⌋ = 0.01529 β 0.85
275 0.85(21) ρB 0.03783
> ρmin ρmin 0.00509
ρmax 0.02834
Solve for As and N ω 0.29726
As = ρbd = (0.01529)(350)(570) = 3050 mm2

N= π = 4.96 say 5
4 ¯
bars

Locating the centroid of the bar
(5As)y = 3As(0)+2(As)(53)+0(As)(106)
y = 21.20 mm
h = 570+40+14+21.20 d = 700-40-14-21.20
h = 645.20 say 700 dnew ≈ 624.80 mm
Bar spacing at x
350 = 53+3(28)+2x
x = 93.00 mm
Investigate RESULTS
b 350 mm
ρ 0.01529
x 93 mm
y 21 mm
dnew 624.80 mm
h 700 mm
Mcapacity 424 Kn-m
As 3050 mm2
N 5
π
As = ρbd = (28)2(5) = ρ (350) (624.80) ρ = 0.01407
4
ρmin ( 0.00509 )< ρ<ρmax (0.02837) OK!
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.01407 (275)
ω= = =¿ 0.18425
f ' c 21
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.18425)(350)(624.80)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]
2ND FLOOR
EXTERIOR BEAMS AT SUPPORT

Mu 212 kN-m
Fy 275 MPa
211.6𝑥 106 = (0.9)(21)(0.2973)(b)(1.75b)2 [ 1−0.59 (0.2973) ] ∅ 28 mm
Φ 0.9
𝒃 ≈ 246.12 mm say 𝒃 ≈ 300 mm β 0.85
𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(246.12) 𝒅 ≈ 430.71 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 445 mm ρB 0.03783
ρmin 0.00509
211.6𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(300)(445)2 Rn = 3.96
ρmax 0.02834
ρ=¿ ω 0.29726
0.85(21)
275
0.01650 > ρmin
√
⌊ 1− 1−
0.85(21)
⌋=
Solve for As and N

As = ρbd = (0.01650)(300)(445) = 2203 mm2
N= π = 3.58 say 4
4 ¯
bars

(4As)y = 2As(0)+2(As)(53)+0(As)(106) 300 = 53+2(28)+1x
y = 26.50 mm x = 144.00 mm
h = 445+50+14+26.50 d = 550-50-14-26.50
h = 535.50 say 550 dnew ≈ 459.50 mm
Investigate
RESULTS
π b 300 mm
As = ρbd = (28)2(4) = ρ (300) (459.50) ρ = 0.01786 ρ 0.01650
4 x 144 mm
ρmin ( 0.00509 )< ρ<ρmax (0.02837) OK! y 27 mm
dnew 459.50 mm
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.01786 (275) h 550 mm
ω= = Mcapacity 241 Kn-m
f ' c 21 As 2203 mm2
= 0.23388 N 4
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.23388)(300)(459.50)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]


EXTERIOR BEAMS AT MIDSPAN
Solve for ρ GIVEN

Mu 119 kN-m
118.8𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(300)(445)2 Rn = 2.22 f’c 21 MPa
Fy 275 MPa
ρ=¿ ∅ 28 mm
√
Φ 0.9
0.85(21) 2( MERGEFIELD Rn ¿ 0.00 2.22)
⌊ 1− 1− ⌋ = 0.00865 β 0.85
275 0.85(21) ρB 0.03783
ρmax 0.02834
As = ρbd = (0.00865)(300)(445) = 1155 mm2

N= π = 1.88 say 2
4 ¯
bars

(2As)y = 2As(0)+0(As)(53)+0(As)(106)
y = 0.00 mm
h = 445+50+14+0.00 d = 550-50-14-0.00
h = 509.00 say 550 dnew ≈ 486.00 mm
Bar spacing at x
300 = 53+2(28)+1x
x = 144.00 mm
Investigate RESULTS
b 300 mm
π
As = ρbd = (28)2(2) = ρ (300) (486.00) ρ = 0.00844 ρ 0.00865
4 x 144 mm
y 0 mm
ρmin ( 0.00509 )< ρ<ρmax (0.02837) OK! dnew 486.00 mm
h 550 mm
Mcapacity 138 Kn-m
As 1155 mm2
N 2
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.00844 (275)

ω= = =¿ 0.11052
f ' c 21
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.11052)(300)(486.00)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]
3RD FLOOR

Mu 407 kN-m
Fy 275 MPa
406.6𝑥 106 = (0.9)(21)(0.2973)(b)(1.75b)2 [ 1−0.59 (0.2973) ] ∅ 28 mm
Φ 0.9
𝒃 ≈ 306.01 mm say 𝒃 ≈ 350 mm β 0.85
𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(306.01) 𝒅 ≈ 535.52 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 550 mm ρB 0.03783
ρmin 0.00509
406.6𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(350)(550)2 Rn = 4.27
ρmax 0.02834
ρ=¿ ω 0.29726
0.85(21)
275
0.01803 > ρmin
√
⌊ 1− 1−
0.85 (21)
⌋=
Solve for As and N

As = ρbd = (0.01803)(350)(550) = 3471 mm2
N= π = 5.64 say 6 bars
4 ¯

(6As)y = 2As(0)+2(As)(53)+2(As)(106) 350 = 53+2(28)+1x
y = 53.00 mm x = 214.00 mm
h = 550+40+14+53.00 d = 700-40-14-53.00
h = 657.00 say 700 dnew ≈ 593.00 mm
Investigate
RESULTS
π b 350 mm
As = ρbd = (28)2(6) = ρ (350) (593.00) ρ = 0.01779 ρ 0.01803
4 x 214 mm
ρmin ( 0.00509 )< ρ<ρmax (0.02837) OK! y 53 mm
dnew 593.00 mm
f ' c 21 As 3471 mm2
= 0.23296 N 6
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.23296)(350)(593.00)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]


Solve for ρ GIVEN

Mu 311 kN-m
311.3𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(350)(550)2 Rn = 3.27 f’c 21 MPa
Fy 275 MPa
ρ=¿ ∅ 28 mm
√
Φ 0.9
0.85(21) 2( MERGEFIELD Rn ¿ 0.00 3.27)
⌊ 1− 1− ⌋ = 0.01324 β 0.85
275 0.85(21) ρB 0.03783
ρmax 0.02834
As = ρbd = (0.01324)(350)(550) = 2549 mm2

4 ¯

(5As)y = 3As(0)+2(As)(53)+0(As)(106)
y = 21.20 mm
h = 550+40+14+21.20 d = 700-40-14-21.20
h = 625.20 say 700 dnew ≈ 624.80 mm
Bar spacing at x
350 = 53+3(28)+2x
x = 93.00 mm
Investigate RESULTS
b 350 mm
π
As = ρbd = (28)2(5) = ρ (350) (624.80) ρ = 0.01407 ρ 0.01324
4 x 93 mm
y 21 mm
h 700 mm
Mcapacity 424 Kn-m
As 2549 mm2
N 5
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.01407 (275)

ω= = =¿ 0.18425
f ' c 21
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.18425)(350)(624.80)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]
3RD FLOOR
GIVEN
Mu 191 kN-m
Solve for ρ , b and d, assuming d = 1.75 f’c 21 MPa
Fy 275 MPa
Mu = Φf ′cωbd2(1−0.59ω)
∅ 28 mm
Φ 0.9
β 0.85
ρB 0.03783
ρmin 0.00509
ρmax 0.02834
ω 0.29726
190.6𝑥 106 = (0.9)(21)(0.2973)(b)(1.75b)2 [ 1−0.59 (0.2973) ]
𝒃 ≈ 237.71 mm say 𝒃 ≈ 250 mm

𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(237.71) 𝒅 ≈ 415.99 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 430 mm
190.6𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(250)(430)2 Rn = 4.58
ρ=¿
0.85(21)
275
⌊ 1− 1−
0.01962 > ρmin
√
0.85 (21)
⌋=
Solve for As and N

As = ρbd = (0.01962)(250)(430) = 2109 mm2
N= π = 3.43 say 4
4 ¯
bars

(4As)y = 2As(0)+2(As)(53)+0(As)(106) 250 = 53+2(28)+1x
y = 26.50 mm x = 94.00 mm
h = 430+50+14+26.50 d = 550-50-14-26.50
h = 520.50 say 550 dnew ≈ 459.50 mm
Investigate
RESULTS
π b 250 mm
As = ρbd = (28)2(4) = ρ (250) (459.50) ρ = 0.02143 ρ 0.01962
4 x 94 mm
ρmin ( 0.00509 )< ρ<ρmax (0.02837) OK! y 27 mm
dnew 459.50 mm
f ' c 21 As 2109 mm2
= 0.28063 N 4
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.28063)(250)(459.50)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]


Solve for ρ GIVEN

Mu 96 kN-m
95.9𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(250)(430)2 Rn = 2.30 f’c 21 MPa
Fy 275 MPa
ρ=¿ ∅ 28 mm
√
Φ 0.9
0.85(21) 2( MERGEFIELD Rn ¿ 0.00 2.30)
⌊ 1− 1− ⌋ = 0.00899 β 0.85
275 0.85(21) ρB 0.03783
ρmax 0.02834
As = ρbd = (0.00899)(250)(430) = 966 mm2

4 ¯

(2As)y = 2As(0)+0(As)(53)+0(As)(106)
y = 0.00 mm
h = 430+50+14+0.00 d = 550-50-14-0.00
h = 494.00 say 550 dnew ≈ 486.00 mm
Bar spacing at x
250 = 53+2(28)+1x
x = 94.00 mm
Investigate RESULTS
b 250 mm
π
As = ρbd = (28)2(2) = ρ (250) (486.00) ρ = 0.01013 ρ 0.00899
4 x 94 mm
y 0 mm
h 550 mm
Mcapacity 136 Kn-m
As 966 mm2
N 2
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.01013 (275)

ω= = =¿ 0.13265
f ' c 21
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.13265)(250)(486.00)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]
4TH FLOOR

Mu 282 kN-m
Fy 275 MPa
282.3𝑥 106 = (0.9)(21)(0.2973)(b)(1.75b)2 [ 1−0.59 (0.2973) ] ∅ 28 mm
Φ 0.9
𝒃 ≈ 270.97 mm say 𝒃 ≈ 300 mm β 0.85
𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(270.97) 𝒅 ≈ 474.20 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 490 mm ρB 0.03783
ρmin 0.00509
282.3𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(300)(490)2 Rn = 4.35
ρmax 0.02834
ρ=¿ ω 0.29726
0.85(21)
275
0.01844 > ρmin
√
⌊ 1− 1−
0.85 (21)
⌋=
Solve for As and N

As = ρbd = (0.01844)(300)(490) = 2711 mm2
N= π = 4.40 say 5
4 ¯
bars

(5As)y = 3As(0)+2(As)(53)+0(As)(106) 300 = 53+3(28)+2x
y = 21.20 mm x = 68.00 mm
h = 490+40+14+21.20 d = 600-40-14-21.20
h = 565.20 say 600 dnew ≈ 524.80 mm
Investigate
RESULTS
π b 300 mm
As = ρbd = (28)2(5) = ρ (300) (524.80) ρ = 0.01955 ρ 0.01844
4 x 68 mm
ρmin ( 0.00509 )< ρ<ρmax (0.02837) OK! y 21 mm
dnew 524.80 mm
f ' c 21 As 2711 mm2
= 0.25601 N 5
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.25601)(300)(524.80)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]


Solve for ρ GIVEN

Mu 170 kN-m
170.3𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(300)(490)2 Rn = 2.63 f’c 21 MPa
Fy 275 MPa
ρ=¿ ∅ 28 mm
√
Φ 0.9
0.85(21) 2( MERGEFIELD Rn ¿ 0.00 2.63)
⌊ 1− 1− ⌋ = 0.01040 β 0.85
275 0.85(21) ρB 0.03783
ρmax 0.02834
As = ρbd = (0.01040)(300)(490) = 1529 mm2

N= π = 2.48 say 3
4 ¯
bars

(3As)y = 3As(0)+0(As)(53)+0(As)(106)
y = 0.00 mm
h = 490+40+14+0.00 d = 600-40-14-0.00
h = 544.00 say 600 dnew ≈ 546.00 mm
Bar spacing at x
300 = 53+3(28)+2x
x = 68.00 mm
Investigate RESULTS
b 300 mm
π
As = ρbd = (28)2(3) = ρ (300) (546.00) ρ = 0.01127 ρ 0.01040
4 x 68 mm
y 0 mm
h 600 mm
Mcapacity 228 Kn-m
As 1529 mm2
N 3
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.01127 (275)

ω= = =¿ 0.14758
f ' c 21
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.14758)(300)(546.00)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]
4TH FLOOR

Mu 143 kN-m
Fy 275 MPa
143.0𝑥 106 = (0.9)(21)(0.2973)(b)(1.75b)2 [ 1−0.59 (0.2973) ] ∅ 25 mm
Φ 0.9
𝒃 ≈ 216.01 mm say 𝒃 ≈ 250 mm β 0.85
𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(216.01) 𝒅 ≈ 378.02 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 390 mm ρB 0.03783
ρmin 0.00509
143.0𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(250)(390)2 Rn = 4.18
ρmax 0.02834
ρ=¿ ω 0.29726
0.85(21)
275
0.01758 > ρmin
√
⌊ 1− 1−
0.85 (21)
⌋=
Solve for As and N

As = ρbd = (0.01758)(250)(390) = 1714 mm2
MERGEFIELD As ¿ 01714
4 ¯

(4As)y = 2As(0)+2(As)(50)+0(As)(100) 250 = 50+2(25)+1x
y = 25.00 mm x = 100.00 mm
h = 390+50+12.5+25.00 d = 500-50-12.5-25.00
h = 477.50 say 500 dnew ≈ 412.50 mm
Investigate
RESULTS
π b 250 mm
As = ρbd = (25)2(4) = ρ (250) (412.50) ρ = 0.01903 ρ 0.01758
4 x 100 mm
ρmin ( 0.00509 )< ρ<ρmax (0.02837) OK! y 25 mm
dnew 412.50 mm
f ' c 21 As 1714 mm2
= 0.24920 N 4
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.24920)(250)(412.50)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]


Solve for ρ GIVEN

Mu 63 kN-m
62.9𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(250)(390)2 Rn = 1.84 f’c 21 MPa
Fy 275 MPa
ρ=¿ ∅ 25 mm
√
Φ 0.9
0.85(21) 2( MERGEFIELD Rn ¿ 0.00 1.84)
⌊ 1− 1− ⌋ = 0.00708 β 0.85
275 0.85(21) ρB 0.03783
ρmax 0.02834
As = ρbd = (0.00708)(250)(390) = 690 mm2

4 ¯

(2As)y = 2As(0)
y = 0.00 mm
h = 390+50+12.5+0.00 d = 500-50-12.5-0.00
h = 452.50 say 500 dnew ≈ 437.50 mm
Bar spacing at x
250 = 50+2(25)+1x
x = 100.00 mm
Investigate RESULTS
b 250 mm
π
As = ρbd = (25)2(2) = ρ (250) (437.50) ρ = 0.00897 ρ 0.00708
4 x 100 mm
y 0 mm
h 500 mm
Mcapacity 99 Kn-m
As 690 mm2
N 2
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.00897 (275)

ω= = =¿ 0.11746
f ' c 21
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.11746)(250)(437.50)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]
ROOF DECK FLOOR


Mu 115 kN-m
Fy 275 MPa
114.9𝑥 106 = (0.9)(21)(0.2973)(b)(1.75b)2 [ 1−0.59 (0.2973) ] ∅ 25 mm
Φ 0.9
β 0.85
ρB 0.03783
ρmin 0.00509
ρmax 0.02834
ω 0.29726
𝒃 ≈ 200.82 mm say 𝒃 ≈ 250 mm
𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(200.82) 𝒅 ≈ 351.44 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 360 mm
114.9𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(250)(360)2 Rn = 3.94
ρ=¿
0.85(21)
275
0.01640 > ρmin
√
⌊ 1− 1−
0.85 (21)
⌋=
Solve for As and N

As = ρbd = (0.01640)(250)(360) = 1476 mm2
N= π = 3.01 say 4
4 ¯
bars

(4As)y = 2As(0)+2(As)(50) 250 = 50+2(25)+1x
y = 25.00 mm x = 120.00 mm
h = 360+40+12.5+25.00 d = 550-40-12.5-25.00
h = 437.50 say 550 dnew ≈ 472.50 mm
Investigate
RESULTS
π b 250 mm
As = ρbd = (25)2(4) = ρ (250) (472.50) ρ = 0.01661 ρ 0.01640
4 x 120 mm
ρmin ( 0.00509 )< ρ<ρmax (0.02837) OK! y 25 mm
dnew 472.50 mm
f ' c 21 As 1476 mm2
= 0.21751 N 4
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.21751)(250)(472.50)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]


Solve for ρ GIVEN
Mu 63 kN-m
63.4𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(250)(360)2 Rn = 2.18 f’c 21 MPa
Fy 275 MPa
ρ=¿ ∅ 25 mm
√
Φ 0.9
0.85(21) 2( MERGEFIELD Rn ¿ 0.00 2.18)
⌊ 1− 1− ⌋ = 0.00848 β 0.85
275 0.85(21) ρB 0.03783
ρmax 0.02834
As = ρbd = (0.00848)(250)(360) = 763 mm2

4 ¯

(2As)y = 2As(0)
y = 0.00 mm
h = 360+40+12.5+0.00 d = 550-40-12.5-0.00
h = 412.50 say 550 dnew ≈ 497.50 mm
Bar spacing at x
250 = 50+2(25)+1x
x = 120.00 mm
Investigate RESULTS
b 250 mm
π
As = ρbd = (25)2(2) = ρ (250) (497.50) ρ = 0.00789 ρ 0.00848
4 x 120 mm
y 0 mm
h 550 mm
Mcapacity 113 Kn-m
As 763 mm2
N 2
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.00789 (275)

ω= = =¿ 0.10332
f ' c 21
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.10332)(250)(497.50)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]
ROOF DECK FLOOR


Mu 65 kN-m
Fy 275 MPa
65.5𝑥 106 = (0.9)(21)(0.2973)(b)(1.75b)2 [ 1−0.59 (0.2973) ] ∅ 20 mm
Φ 0.9
𝒃 ≈ 166.47 mm say 𝒃 ≈ 250 mm β 0.85
𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(166.47) 𝒅 ≈ 291.32 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 305 mm ρB 0.03783
6 2
ρmin 0.00509
65.5𝑥 10 = (0.9)Rn(250)(305) Rn = 3.13
ρmax 0.02834
ρ=¿ ω 0.29726
0.85(21)
275 √
⌊ 1− 1−
0.85(21)
⌋ = 0.01261 > ρmin
Solve for As and N

As = ρbd = (0.01261)(250)(305) = 962 mm2
N= π = 3.06 say 4
4 ¯
bars

(4As)y = 2As(0)+2(As)(45) 250 = 45+2(20)+1x
y = 22.50 mm x = 110.00 mm
h = 305+50+10+22.50 d = 400-50-10-22.50
h = 387.50 say 400 dnew ≈ 317.50 mm
Investigate
RESULTS
b 250 mm
ρ 0.01261
x 110 mm
y 23 mm
dnew 317.50 mm
h 400 mm
Mcapacity 87 Kn-m
As 962 mm2
N 4
π
As = ρbd = (20)2(4) = ρ (250) (317.50) ρ = 0.01582
4
ρmin ( 0.00509 )< ρ<ρmax (0.02837) OK!
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.01582 (275)
ω= = = 0.20717
f ' c 21
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.20717)(250)(317.50)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]

Solve for ρ GIVEN

Mu 32 kN-m
31.8𝑥 106 = (0.9)Rn(250)(305)2 Rn = 1.52 f’c 21 MPa
Fy 275 MPa
ρ=¿ ∅ 20 mm
√
Φ 0.9
0.85(21) 2( MERGEFIELD Rn ¿ 0.00 1.52)
⌊ 1− 1− ⌋ = 0.00579 β 0.85
275 0.85(21) ρB 0.03783
ρmax 0.02834
As = ρbd = (0.00579)(250)(305) = 441 mm2

N= π = 1.41 say 2
4 ¯
bars

(2As)y = 2As(0)
y = 0.00 mm
h = 305+50+10+0.00 d = 400-50-10-0.00
h = 365.00 say 400 dnew ≈ 340.00 mm
Bar spacing at x
250 = 45+2(20)+1x
x = 110.00 mm
Investigate RESULTS
b 250 mm
π
As = ρbd = (20)2(2) = ρ (250) (340.00) ρ = 0.00739 ρ 0.00579
4 x 110 mm
y 0 mm
h 400 mm
Mcapacity 50 Kn-m
As 441 mm2
N 2
ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.00739 (275)

ω= = =¿ 0.09677
f ' c 21
Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.09677)(250)(340.00)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]

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Chapter 5

RAW DATA FROM GRASP:

4th Floor -282.3035 170.3261 -143.0285 62.8784

3rd Floor -406.6237 311.3251 -190.5925 95.8503

2nd Floor -457.4456 379.5629 -211.5605 118.7645

Solve for ρmin and ρmax

ρmax = 0.75ρB= (0.75)(0.03783) = 0.02837

Solve for ρ , b and d, assuming d = 1.75 GIVEN

𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(318.27) 𝒅 ≈ 556.97 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 570 mm ρB 0.03783

Solve for As and N

Solve for spacing, centroid, actual h and d

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE AND APPLICABLE!

Solve for ρ GIVEN

> ρmin ρmin 0.00509

Solve for As and N ω 0.29726

As = ρbd = (0.01529)(350)(570) = 3050 mm2

Solve for spacing, centroid, actual h and d

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE AND APPLICABLE!

Solve for ρ , b and d, assuming d = 1.75 GIVEN

𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(246.12) 𝒅 ≈ 430.71 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 445 mm ρB 0.03783

Solve for As and N

Solve for spacing, centroid, actual h and d

Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.23388)(300)(459.50)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE AND APPLICABLE!

Solve for ρ GIVEN

> ρmin ρmin 0.00509

Solve for As and N ω 0.29726

As = ρbd = (0.00865)(300)(445) = 1155 mm2

Solve for spacing, centroid, actual h and d

ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.00844 (275)

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE AND APPLICABLE!

Solve for ρ , b and d, assuming d = 1.75 GIVEN

𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(306.01) 𝒅 ≈ 535.52 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 550 mm ρB 0.03783

Solve for As and N

Solve for spacing, centroid, actual h and d

Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.23296)(350)(593.00)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE AND APPLICABLE!

Solve for ρ GIVEN

> ρmin ρmin 0.00509

Solve for As and N ω 0.29726

As = ρbd = (0.01324)(350)(550) = 2549 mm2

Solve for spacing, centroid, actual h and d

ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.01407 (275)

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE AND APPLICABLE!

𝒃 ≈ 237.71 mm say 𝒃 ≈ 250 mm

Solve for As and N

Solve for spacing, centroid, actual h and d

Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.28063)(250)(459.50)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE AND APPLICABLE!

Solve for ρ GIVEN

> ρmin ρmin 0.00509

Solve for As and N ω 0.29726

As = ρbd = (0.00899)(250)(430) = 966 mm2

Solve for spacing, centroid, actual h and d

ρ(fy) MERGEFIELD p1 ¿ 0.00000 0.01013 (275)

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE AND APPLICABLE!

Solve for ρ , b and d, assuming d = 1.75 GIVEN

𝑑 = 1.75𝑏 = 1.75(270.97) 𝒅 ≈ 474.20 mm say 𝒅 ≈ 490 mm ρB 0.03783

Solve for As and N

Solve for spacing, centroid, actual h and d

Mcapacity = (0.9)(21)( 0.25601)(300)(524.80)2[1 – 0.59(0.29730)]

THEREFORE, THE DESIGN IS SAFE AND APPLICABLE!

Solve for ρ GIVEN