TRIGONOMETRY

• Which comes from the Greek word “trigonon”

(three angles)and “metron” (measure), is a
branch of mathematics that deals with angles,
triangles, and trigonometric functions.
The figure below is a right triangle. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 with
measure of angle C = 90◦.

• For the vertices, capital

letters are used and for the
corresponding lengths of the
opposite sides, small letters
are used.
The figure below is a
right triangle.
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 with measure
of angle C = 90◦.

• There are three sides of a right triangle with respect to the angle:
• - Hypotenuse
• Opposite side
• Adjacent side
SIX TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS

• sine
• cosine
• tangent
• cosecant
• secant
• cotangent
SIX TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
They are
defined as
follows with
respect to an
acute angle 𝜃

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑎
sin 𝜃 = =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑐
SIX TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
They are
defined as
follows with
respect to an
acute angle 𝜃

𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑏
cos 𝜃 = =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑐
SIX TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
They are
defined as
follows with
respect to an
acute angle 𝜃

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑎
tan 𝜃 = =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑏
SIX TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
They are
defined as
follows with
respect to an
acute angle 𝜃

ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑐
csc 𝜃 = =
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑎
SIX TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
They are
defined as
follows with
respect to an
acute angle 𝜃

ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 𝑎
sec 𝜃 = =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑐
SIX TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
They are
defined as
follows with
respect to an
acute angle 𝜃

𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑏
cot 𝜃 = =
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑎
EXAMPLE
• In the given right
triangle, find the values
of the six trigonometric
functions of 𝜃.
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 4
• sin 𝜃 = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 = 5
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 3
• cos 𝜃 = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 = 5
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 4
• tan 𝜃 = 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 3
EXAMPLE

• In the given right triangle,

find the values of the six
trigonometric functions of 𝜃.
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 5
• csc 𝜃 = =
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 4
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠 5
• sec 𝜃 = =
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒 3
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 3
• cot 𝜃 = =
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 4
EXAMPLE

• In the given
right triangle,
find the values
of the six
trigonometric
functions of 𝜃.
Example:
Example:
Example
Example:
Example:
EXAMPLE
Example:
Solve for x using trigonometric ratios.
Example: Find the missing side.
Round to the nearest tenth.
Example: Find the missing side.
Round to the nearest tenth.
Example: Find the missing side. Round to the
nearest tenth.
Example: Find the measure of the
indicated angle to the nearest tenth.
Example: Find the measure of the indicated
angle to the nearest tenth.
Example: Find the measure of the indicated
angle to the nearest tenth.
Find the value of each trigonometric
ratio to the nearest ten-thousandth.
1. sin 62°
2. cos 31 °
3. tan 79 °
4. cos 14 °
5. tan 51 °