LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 9

I. OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, 100% of the students are expected to perform the
following with at least a 75% proficiency level.
1. illustrate the six trigonometric ratios: sine, cosine, tangent, secant, cosecant,
and cotangent,
a) determine the relationship between the trigonometric ratios
and their equivalence.
b) draw triangles illustrating the six trigonometric ratios, and
c) relate the six trigonometric ratios into real-life situations.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Triangle trigonometry
Sub-topic: The six trigonometric ratios: sine, cosine, tangent, secant, cosecant, and
cotangent.
Materials:
References:

I. PROCEDURE

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preliminary activities
1. Prayer
Good morning everyone.
Please stand up and let us Good morning Ma’am.
pray.

Our father… Amen.

Our Father… Amen.

2. Checking of Attendance
Class-monitor kindly presents
the status of our attendance in
the class. Ma’am, there are no absent in our class today.
 Very good!

3. Checking and Collecting of

Assignment
Class, did I give you an
assignment?
None, Ma’am.
Very well then.

4. Review
But before we proceed with our
new lesson, let us first recall the
topic that we had the last
meeting, anyone from the class
who has a good memory from
the discussion?
Ma’am, our previous lesson was all about the
Pythagorean theorem.
Very good, anyone who can tell
me something about the
theorem?
Ma’am, the length of the hypotenuse is equal to
the sum of the square of two legs. Or we
have…

Excellent, from the triangle c2  a2  b2

given here can you identify the
legs of which is the opposite
and the other is the adjacent,
the angle, and the hypotenuse.

Ma’am we have…

a c

b
Where, leg a as the opposite side, leg b as the
adjacent side, c as the hypotenuse and ϴ as the
reference angle.
Fantastic.

knkdenkl
5. Motivation
TRIVIA
Class, we know that triangle comes in many flavors, there
are equilateral, Isosceles, scalene, right, obtuse and acute
triangles. Don’t you know the triangle is the strongest
shape? If you try to create a shape out of sticks joined with
hinges for example square even without force applied it will
be transformed into a parallelogram but triangles will not,
For a triangle, no matter what type, this can’t happen. It’s
inherently rigid. That’s why this shape is very common on
buildings and other construction. That’s why some build
landmarks like this.

It’s how important this shape is. Would you like to know
more about triangles?

Very good.

6. Drill
Before we proceed to our lesson let us have first an activity.
Jumbled Letters.

1. tricgonomeTri otiar
2. entAdjac
3. tenuseHypo
4. tanCogent
5. Csineo

B. Lesson Proper
1. Presentation of the topic
Class, before we can build or create the triangle that we
desire we need to determine and solve its measurements
such as sides and angles. Do you agree guys?

Very good.
Of course, we know already how to solve for the sides
right?

Yes, very good. But can we solve the measurement of

angles using the theorem?

Then, anyone who knows already of the topic this morning?


Very good. Our topic this morning is about solving
measurements of a triangle with the use of the six
trigonometric ratios. But before we formally start the
discussion let us first set our objectives. Please read
anyone?
c
Our objective this morning are:
illustrate the six trigonometric ratios: sine, cosine,
tangent, secant, cosecant, and cotangent
a. determine relationship between the
trigonometric ratios and their equivalence.
b. draw triangles illustrating the six
trigonometric ratios, and
c. relate the six trigonometric ratios into real
life situations.

Do you think we can attain our objectives for today? Yes Ma’am.
Fantastic.
2. Discussion
Let us have this illustration:

In solving triangles given an angle

ϴ and the legs, we use the ratios represented by the Ma’am we have side a as our opposite and c as the
mnemonics SOH- CAH-TOA where this represents the hypotenuse then,
relationship between the parts of the triangle using Sine,
Cosine and Tangent ratios.
First is SOH, it stands for Sin ϴ = Opp/Hyp or we read it as
Sine Theta is equal to opposite over hypotenuse. Based on
the given illustration who will identify and write the
equation using the opposite and the hypotenuse side in the
Mnemonic SOH.

Very good, in the Cosine ratio represented by mnemonic

CAH and Tangent as TOA where:
C = Cosine Theta
A = Adjacent side
H = Hypotenuse
T = Tangent
O = Opposite
Based on the illustration on the board, who will write the
exact ratio for Cosine and Tangent?
 Ma’am, just like the first ratio for sine where a
as the opposite side, b as the adjacent and c as
the hypotenuse we have:
b
cos  
c
For the cosine ratio:
b
tan  
a
And for the tangent ratio:

Fantastic, these ratios are very

important to remember because this
will help you solve measurement of
the triangle given only limited
information of sides and angles.
Any questions class?
None, ma’am.

Very good.

C. Application
Class, I’m going to divide the class into
three groups and we are going to solve
together each problem assigned within
the group.

Class, as we solve the problems

please be guided with the following
criteria to be used during the activity,
who will read? DISTIN PROFI APPRE NOVIC
GUISH CIENT - NTICE - E-1
ED - 4 3 2
Underst Identifie Underst Underst Doesn't
ands the s special ands the ands understa
Problem factors problem enough nd
that to solve enough
influenc part of to get
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approac problem or make
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starting part of
the the
problem solution
Uses Explains Uses all Uses Uses
 Informa why appropri some inappro
tion certain ate appropri priate
Appropri informa informa ate informa
ately tion is tion informa tion
essential correctly tion
to the correctly
solution
Applies Explains Applies Applies Applies
Appropri why complet some inappro
ate procedu ely appropri priate
Procedu res are appropri ate procedu
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ate for procedu res
the res
problem
Coopera All of A Two (2) Only the
tion the member or more leader is
member did not member working
s were help did not on the
helping during help in activity
during the the
the activity activity
activity
Answers Correct Correct Copying No
the solution solution error, answer
Problem of computa or
problem tional wrong
and error, answer
made a partial based
general answer upon an
rule for inappro
about problem priate
the with plan
solution multiple
or answers,
extende no
d the answer
solution stateme
to a nt,
more answer
complica labeled
ted incorrect
solution ly

None ma’am.
Any questions class?
Group 1. Illustrate in terms of giving the
Group 1. Illustrate in terms of giving the trigonometric ratios you’ve learned using
trigonometric ratios you have learned the mnemonic SOH-CAH-TOA
using the mnemonic SOH-CAH-TOA
 Solve for SOH-CAH-TOA:

The given triangle has angle ϴ, opposite side

a,
Hypotenuse b and adjacent side c.

Then: SOH
sin ϴ= a
b

CAH
cos ϴ = c
b

TOA
Group 2. Illustrate in terms of giving the tan ϴ = a
trigonometric ratios you’ve learned using the c
mnemonic SOH-CAH-TOA
Group 2. Illustrate in terms of giving the
trigonometric ratios you’ve learned using the
mnemonic SOH-CAH-TOA

Solve for SOH-CAH-TOA:

The given triangle has angle ϴ, opposite side

a, Hypotenuse c and adjacent side b.

Then: SOH
sin ϴ= a
c
 CAH
cos ϴ = b
c
TOA
tan ϴ = a
b

Group 3. Illustrate in terms of giving the

Group 3. Illustrate in terms of giving the trigonometric ratios you’ve learned using the
trigonometric ratios you’ve learned using the mnemonic SOH-CAH-TOA
mnemonic SOH-CAH-TOA

ø Solve for SOH-CAH-TOA:

C The given triangle has angle ϴ, opposite side

A b, Hypotenuse a and adjacent side c.

Then: SOH
sin ϴ= b
a

CAH
cos ϴ = c
a

TOA
tan ϴ = b
Excellent. c

D. Generalization
Okay class, Based on the discussion that we had
earlier what observation have you formed with the
activity. Does the location of the angle ϴ affect
the ratios?
Ma’am we noticed that the opposite side and
the adjacent side follows or is dependent
upon the position of the angle ϴ but the
hypotenuse remains as the longest side of
the triangle.

Very good! Again who can recall the three

trigonometric ratios that we have studied?

II. Evaluation
Illustrate and draw the given triangle using a
protractor and give sine, cosine and tangent ratio
of the following:
1. Angle 60°, opposite side a, adjacent side b and
hypotenuse c.

2. Angle 30°, opposite side a, adjacent side b and

hypotenuse c.

3. Angle 45°, opposite side a, adjacent side b and

hypotenuse c.

III. Assignment

Determine the inverse trigonometric ratio of sine,

cosine and tangent ratio using the following
information.