Appendix B Logging Tool Response in Sedimentary Minerals

ρLOG φSNP φCNL φAPS† t c t s ε tp GR Σ

Name Formula Pe U
(g/cm3) (p.u.) (p.u.) (p.u.) (µsec/ft) (µsec/ft) (farad/m) (nsec/m) (API units) (c.u.)

Silicates

Quartz SiO2 2.64 –1 –2 –1 56.0 88.0 1.8 4.8 4.65 7.2 4.3

β-Cristobalite SiO2 2.15 –2 –3 1.8 3.9 3.5

Opal (3.5% H2O) SiO2 (H2O).1209 2.13 4 2 58 1.8 3.7 5.0

Garnet ‡ Fe3Al2(SiO4)3 4.31 3 7 11 48 45

Ca2NaMg2Fe2
Hornblende ‡ 3.20 4 8 43.8 81.5 6.0 19 18
AlSi8O22(O,OH)2

Tourmaline NaMg3Al6B3Si6O2(OH)4 3.02 16 22 2.1 6.5 7450

Zircon ZrSiO4 4.50 –1 –3 69 311 6.9

Carbonates

Calcite CaCO3 2.71 0 0 0 49.0 88.4 5.1 13.8 7.5 9.1 7.1

Dolomite CaCO3MgCO3 2.85 2 1 1 44.0 72 3.1 9.0 6.8 8.7 4.7

Ankerite Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2 2.86 0 1 9.3 27 22

Siderite FeCO3 3.89 5 12 3 47 15 57 6.8–7.5 8.8–9.1 52

Oxidates

Hematite Fe2O3 5.18 4 11 42.9 79.3 21 111 101

Magnetite Fe3O4 5.08 3 9 73 22 113 103

Geothite FeO(OH) 4.34 50+ 60+ 19 83 85

Limonite ‡ FeO(OH)(H2O)2.05 3.59 50+ 60+ 56.9 102.6 13 47 9.9–10.9 10.5–11.0 71

Gibbsite Al(OH)3 2.49 50+ 60+ 1.1 23

Phosphates

Hydroxyapatite Ca5(PO4)3OH 3.17 5 8 42 5.8 18 9.6

Chlorapatite Ca5(PO4)3CL 3.18 –1 –1 42 6.1 19 130

Fluorapatite Ca5(PO4)3F 3.21 –1 –2 42 5.8 19 8.5

Carbonapatite (Ca5(PO4)3)2CO3H2O 3.13 5 8 5.6 17 9.1

Feldspars—Alkali ‡

Orthoclase KAISi3O8 2.52 –2 –3 69 2.9 7.2 4.4–6.0 7.0–8.2 ~220 16

Anorthoclase KAISi3O8 2.59 –2 –2 2.9 7.4 4.4–6.0 7.0–8.2 ~220 16

Microcline KAISi3O8 2.53 –2 –3 2.9 7.2 4.4–6.0 7.0–8.2 ~220 16

Feldspars—Plagioclase ‡

Albite NaAlSi3O8 2.59 –1 –2 –2 49 85 1.7 4.4 4.4–6.0 7.0–8.2 7.5

Anorthite CaAl2Si2O8 2.74 –1 –2 45 3.1 8.6 4.4–6.0 7.0–8.2 7.2

Micas ‡

Muscovite KAl2(Si3AlO10)(OH)2 2.82 12 ~20 ~13 49 149 2.4 6.7 6.2–7.9 8.3–9.4 ~270 17

K 0.7(Mg,Fe2,Al)
Glauconite 2.86 ~38 ~15 4.8 14 21
(Si4,Al10)O2(OH)

Biotite K(Mg,Fe)3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 ~2.99 ~11 ~21 ~11 50.8 224 6.3 19 4.8–6.0 7.2–8.1 ~275 30

Phlogopite KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 50 207 33

†APS porosity derived from near-to-array ratio (APLC)

‡Mean value, which may vary for individual samples

For more information see Reference 41.

B-5